（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 ]Lg~ I#/#
1. 充当句子的状语。 0t"Iq71/
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 #u+qV!4
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 g] ]6) nT
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) [ 4b E"u
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. ,CPAS}kS
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. ?dv-`)S&
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). @x
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真题剖析 |=~m RqG
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them.
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45. A. For yt ,Ky8y1
B. As =TzJgx
C. With Z-_Xt^N
D. Because PBE i"`i
练习： Pf?&ys6
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. ^5?|Dj
8. A. is xX{Zh;M&[
B. having Oi$1ma xT
C. being Uugq.'>
D. be =WZ9|e
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 -k2|`
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虚拟语气(2) d ( ru5*p
1. (should)+动词原形 vpdPW %B
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 :P%? !'M
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 rFm ?Bu
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 r~oUln<[
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 dW i.V?K4z
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 %1 {O
would rather +动词过去式 q@VIFmqY!
真题剖析 H, GnF
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … QGGBI Ku
47. A. do ePaC8sd0
B. did k,<7)-
C. don’t [TqX"@4NS
D. didn’t kJNg>SN*@#
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. C{G=Y[?oc
53. A. ordered '
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B. pleaded x{So
C. decided k$#1T +(G
D. demanded $/(``8li_
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. I4UsDs*BD
15. A. took 8NE[L#k
B. would take =eDC{/K
C. will take
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D. should take V,[[# a)y
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. e8xNZG;
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) xH,e$t#@@~
54.A. shall |m*l/@1
B.will G@T_o4t
C.would }&s |~
D.should < %<nh`D
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 S?D]P'<
动名词、分词、不定式。 /%t`0pi
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) M-+!z5 q~d
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) C+t|fSJ
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 sE{5&aCSR
真题剖析 Y[rCF=ZVH
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. zNn
60. A. dropped +J
A\by
B. to drop Y q|OX<i`K
C. dropping d5{R IM|
D.drops wsAb8
U C_
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. =t~] @?]1D
59. A. destructive K 4{[s
z
B. dissatisfied 0dD.xuo
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C. damaged rCA0c8
D. derivative pk;S"cnk
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 c7tO'`q$e
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 6vU%Y_n=y]
How you got there doesn’t concern me. ;uZ eYY?
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. J~
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2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 IkGM ~3 e
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. "N}MhcdS
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 \,!Qo*vj
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 ys7 Tq+
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). XF@34b5
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5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 yb Iqn0&[
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. jG#e% `'
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) /}eb1o
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) #.,L WL]
He no less than John is interested in literature. Y%zWaH
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) }`76yH^c
Either my father or my brothers are coming. .^ba*qb`{
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 ^7*zi_Q
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. ClPE_Cfw~
真题剖析 $$B#S '
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. I(/*pa?m{
53. A. none JM*!(\Y
B. few $
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C. any X LY> }r
D. some vnlHUQLO
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 S.U #lA n(
全部倒装 [mG!-.ll
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” 2f rwU~y
There stand big buildings in this district. @ykl:K% ke
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. ~svea>Fmr
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) bq}`jP~#
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. )3 '8T>^<K
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