（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 y8hg8J|
1. 充当句子的状语。 {QS@Ugf
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 v^],loi<V
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 R_Gq8t$
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) (L 0 hS'
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. 380->
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. \ ~LU 'j
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). K"k"ml<4E
真题剖析 o;VkoYV
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. )YnI !v2T
45. A. For R )d99j^"
B. As {"0TO|%x
C. With Q}Ze -JIL$
D. Because |.8d,!5w}
练习： :nKsZ1b X
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. *H%0Gsk
8. A. is Z9" {f) T
B. having miG; ] -"^
C. being AU\xNF 3
D. be Th~3mf
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（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 ^fE\ S5P
虚拟语气(2) )4 !CR /ao
1. (should)+动词原形 )
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D
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 7cUR.PI#Q
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 Ok}{jwJ%W;
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 3yHb!}F
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 yfM>8"h@
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 B?$ 01?9V
would rather +动词过去式 lruF96C/Y
真题剖析 DnNt@e2|
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … 1N!Oslum
47. A. do @4 /~~
B. did 1 P[I}GW#
C. don’t Q$xa
D. didn’t g[#k.CuP
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. }b_R5U$@@
53. A. ordered ~rgf{oGz
B. pleaded 0kU3my]
C. decided !dfS|BA]
D. demanded qhV,
u;\.
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. g(-;_j!=
15. A. took %^a]J"Ydi8
B. would take H!u nIy|
C. will take _7Xd|\Zc
D. should take dV5PhP>6
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. RDUT3H6~
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) vC{ h2A
54.A. shall t2=a(N-/,
B.will /C*~/}
C.would y]yi ne
D.should ?r{TOj n
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 C:]/8 l
动名词、分词、不定式。 AI&qU/}
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) Qo'yS"g<9)
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) gO+\O
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 |w=Ec#)t4
真题剖析 4cott^K.
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. <KKDu$W|T
60. A. dropped ^
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B. to drop 9 0X?1
C. dropping bsB}
,pc
D.drops inYM+o!U
b
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. Rb)|66&3&
59. A. destructive /r2 76 Q
B. dissatisfied DeH0k[ o
C. damaged *~c qr
D. derivative /$;,F't#2M
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 :d.1 ;st
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 gd l| ^*tc
How you got there doesn’t concern me. P^"R4T
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. RoX
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2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 Mal <iNN
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. tmp6h B
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 8q0I: SJy
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 [q 1Unm
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). {&-#s#&
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 sm1;MF]/u
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. Dzr e'
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) E4r.ky`#~
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) '@bJlJB9>
He no less than John is interested in literature. GzdRG^vN
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) %%&e"&7HE
Either my father or my brothers are coming. |H
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vA
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 P [FV2R~
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. O= aw^|oj]
真题剖析 T6uMFD4 |
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. ^LVk5l)\>g
53. A. none y@3Q; ~l,
B. few V.8%|-d
C. any #- {N
Ws\
D. some H -,TS^W
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 ?ok)>P
全部倒装 #dxvz^2V.3
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” p x#suy
There stand big buildings in this district. hm\\'_u
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. w{`Acu
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) tuxRVV8l
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. u1^\MVO8
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