（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 V]
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1. 充当句子的状语。 5WqXo
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2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 $I# q
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 f\;65k_jq
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) KV|}# <dD
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. o]{uc,
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. {
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c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). G
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真题剖析 '6$*YN&5
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them.
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45. A. For }7{t^ >;D
B. As SxyONp.$\
C. With d|Gl`BG
D. Because C=uZ1xg*,
练习： !$A 37j6
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. *xf ._~E
8. A. is dk
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B. having x?x`oirh
C. being $(s\{(Wn
D. be WqxUX H
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 yix'rA -T
虚拟语气(2) z|G 9,:9
1. (should)+动词原形 rzrl>9
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It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 7 ;.xc{
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 ?EMK8 ;
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 H@ X oqgI
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 QU{ Ech'
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 y AF+bCXo
would rather +动词过去式 jO 9ip
真题剖析 ^n#1<K[E
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … GwsY-jf
47. A. do kH*P n'
B. did @vgG1w
C. don’t ?!w^`D0}o
D. didn’t c_{z
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(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. Uu6L~iB
53. A. ordered J
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B. pleaded PYB+FcR6?n
C. decided : Ud[f`t
D. demanded TAL/a*7\
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. "Z,q?F c
15. A. took 3zuF{Q2P<
B. would take 9L%I<5i
C. will take \8uo{#c L8
D. should take I9$c F)zk
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. O|kKwadC
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) ^ s7,_!.Pq
54.A. shall VeiElU3
B.will GYRYbiwqdi
C.would ,zcQS-e2
D.should hRaf#
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 )!9Ifk
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动名词、分词、不定式。 &0N<ofYX
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) r'/;O
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) ; :&?=d
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 WiNT;v[
真题剖析 }`/gX=91
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. @ }F Awv^f
60. A. dropped ,cTgR78'
B. to drop z,;;=V6
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C. dropping x c
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D.drops UyYfpL"$A"
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. H { M)-
59. A. destructive iCG`3(xL
B. dissatisfied 'aJgLws*w
C. damaged H!
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D. derivative ?v]- ^X=&
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 =y ]Jl,_.
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 6o3 T;h
How you got there doesn’t concern me. +}7f
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Growing vegetables needs constant watering. 7 &)])
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2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 @9 8; VWY\
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. oVkq2
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 .:1qK<vz
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 0LVE@qE L
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). ^tAO _ ~4
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 )na&" bJ
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. "ORzWnE4U
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) :x eLt;
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) J%v 5d*$.
He no less than John is interested in literature. i ja: H'j
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) iLq#\8t^
Either my father or my brothers are coming. !e8i /!}^S
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 0Oxz3r%} r
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. xxX/y2\
真题剖析 8[ 5|_Eh+
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. iyM^[/-R6
53. A. none w+UV"\!G)Q
B. few |HbEk[?^s
C. any ia{kab|_5
D. some
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（五）考博英语语法：倒装 2w1tK
全部倒装 |O (G nsZ
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” LpWI>sNv
There stand big buildings in this district. 7kz- V.
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. K5flit
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2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) MW@ DXbKVl
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. |~ $7X
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