（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 .t
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1. 充当句子的状语。 K5^`,}
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2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 8
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3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 otX/sg.B*
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) Ey=ymf.}
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. uHq;z{ 2GI
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. 055C1RV%
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). "
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真题剖析 ^.9D f A0
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. |A\o
45. A. For 6MNr H
B. As 7=/iFv[
C. With +)LCYDRV7
D. Because mLx=Zes:.
练习： WLA&K ]
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. OG9 '[o`8
8. A. is (D:-p:q.
B. having "
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C. being E J(36h
D. be .yDGw Lry
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 b p<,Xfl
虚拟语气(2) m/"([Y_
1. (should)+动词原形 `NTtw;%Y
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 mfG m>U
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 {1qr6P,"
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 \E[6wB>uN%
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 {,u} )U2
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 "7'P Lo3O
would rather +动词过去式 w51l;2$des
真题剖析 D(OJr5Gg
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … @+l=R|
47. A. do JEaTDV_
B. did G$2@N6
C. don’t l4dG=x}M]
D. didn’t z 1]nC]2
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. XK\3 "`kd
53. A. ordered K7([ Gc9
B. pleaded
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C. decided j Rd$Vt
D. demanded ]Vmo >
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. )$1>6C \
15. A. took PZ`11#bbm
B. would take g8l6bh$}
C. will take l?
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D. should take r~
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(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. 1]eRragm"
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) fIl!{pv[
54.A. shall 'A^q)hpax
B.will mL pM8~L
C.would R^$|D) (
D.should o{! :N> (
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 \D y|}LE
动名词、分词、不定式。 jeJgDAUv
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) o.Rv<a5.L
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) x(vQ %JC
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 F -,chp
真题剖析 )0iN2L]U;
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. "GQ Q8rQ
60. A. dropped qSB&Q 0T
B. to drop * dw.Ug
C. dropping [)1vKaC
D.drops vM6W64S
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. #}FUa u$
59. A. destructive 8ZVQM7O
B. dissatisfied %Qlc?Wl:
C. damaged j t on \9
D. derivative U`i5B;k}-
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 ft6)n T/"&
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 [i /!ovcY
How you got there doesn’t concern me. lQHF=Jex
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. dY S(}U
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 `.@sux!lu
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. /oHCV0!0
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 #mw !_]
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 (Z(S?`')
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). )x7n-|y6
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 B5;%R0 1A
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. 2URGd#{VQ
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) ]=q auf>3
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) *y?HaU
He no less than John is interested in literature. 1N8] ~ j
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) lD0-S0i
Either my father or my brothers are coming. V | 97;
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 fd&Fn=!
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. iY,C0=n5Y
真题剖析 G+8)a$?v
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. PN
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53. A. none #&}-
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B. few z3tx]Ade
C. any Fvl\.
D. some G;G*!nlWf
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 lmzHE8MUNu
全部倒装 .n]"vpWm[
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” Y\]ZIvTSb
There stand big buildings in this district. :2? g_
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. kw#X,h P
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) oe|#!SM(
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. OTXZdAv
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