（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 &.Qrs :U
1. 充当句子的状语。 P* BmHz4KL
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 3ym',q
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 Zt{[ *~
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) Hd ={CFip
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. CxW >~O:
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. {]@= ijjf
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). 0-Ku7<a
真题剖析 (vJNHY M
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. Vv=. -&'
45. A. For p%=u# QNi
B. As Jk
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C. With p6Gy ,C.
D. Because HBXOjr<,{
练习： bw
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Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. ItrDJ'
8. A. is Fk7')?
B. having Y\8)OBZ
C. being ?NsW|w_
D. be E*K;H8}s
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 z46~@y%k
虚拟语气(2) hnhd{$2Z
1. (should)+动词原形 g: 8h|w)
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 OA;XiR$xP
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 {cVEmvE8
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 ~=l;=7 T
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 . 3T3E X|G
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 5<Nx ^D
would rather +动词过去式 #.)0xfGW)n
真题剖析 yYA$I'Bm\
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … ,w4V?>l
47. A. do m~0/&RA
B. did Txb#C[`
C. don’t 12 gU{VD
D. didn’t u <v7;dF|s
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. 7 ? w*]
53. A. ordered d S V8q
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B. pleaded r0% D 58
C. decided Ry6@VQ"NLb
D. demanded 59;KQ
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. Y\g3h M
15. A. took 3"~!nn0;
B. would take 7a<DKB
C. will take v_GUNRs
D. should take gT 6jYQ
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. A# YrWW
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) C B}2j
54.A. shall YNsJZnGr8#
B.will hv>\gBe i
C.would mxd r,Idx
D.should =fFP5e ['
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 !%%6dB@%t
动名词、分词、不定式。 * VxgARIL
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) T {[=oH +
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) g{&ui.ml&
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 k~1?VQ+? M
真题剖析 d raN0v f
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. V)N%WX G
60. A. dropped \(2sW^fY
B. to drop .U] -j \
C. dropping 9CD_ o s\h
D.drops
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(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. E$p+}sP (C
59. A. destructive K J4.4Zq{c
B. dissatisfied o0KL5].
C. damaged Oxd]y1
D. derivative -6B4sZpzD
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 7J< 5f)
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 P\k#
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How you got there doesn’t concern me. oYH-wQ j
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. DN:EB @
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 XZd,&YiaG
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. _xhax+,! ~
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 ?gGHj-HYJ
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 )\$|X}uny&
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). +52{-a,>
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 I
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Everyone knows that you’ve come here. o?\?@H
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) vx5Zl& 6r
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) )+9Uoe~6
He no less than John is interested in literature. <wD-qT W
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) )l DD\J7
Either my father or my brothers are coming. 'TB2:W3
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 kE1TP]|
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. ncT&Gr
真题剖析 IW] rb/H
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. lL0APT;
53. A. none z<' u1l3
B. few 6
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C. any >i?oC^QM
D. some 4{|"7/PE1
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 J5,9_uo]
全部倒装 X 0+vXz{~g
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” DkDmE
There stand big buildings in this district. BnF^u5kv %
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. =41?^1\
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) U 8$27jq
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. 1 [Bk%G@D&
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