（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 j#TtY|Po
1. 充当句子的状语。 e7<//~W7W
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 g9fS |T
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 >4A~?=
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) ,haCZH {
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. ydCVG,"
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. KB$s7S"=
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). S
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真题剖析 q][{?
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. KKR@u(+"a
45. A. For *^XfEO
B. As oJ cR)H
C. With @_tQ:
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D. Because SCClD6k=V
练习： } PD]e*z{Z
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. '/^bO# G:
8. A. is y9?~^pTx
B. having x/NR_~Rnk
C. being Ex'6 WN~kD
D. be " h,<PF
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 6N}>@Y5
虚拟语气(2) C3
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1. (should)+动词原形 ;\@co5.=
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 )$#]h]ac
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 J`U\3:b`SP
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 Ca[H<nyj
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 ,EyZ2` |
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 h)[{{JSf
would rather +动词过去式 W\s
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真题剖析 X<\y%2B|l
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … 5"4O_JQ
47. A. do vE
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B. did cPh
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C. don’t |1GR:b24
D. didn’t \\80c65-
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. <szD"p|K
53. A. ordered ]I
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B. pleaded *={`
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C. decided G=lcKtMdg
D. demanded si.A"\bm
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. Qe=,EXf
15. A. took ?{
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B. would take % AqUVt9}
C. will take s hbPy
D. should take i"=6n>\
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. vn"2"hPF|
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) E#t;G: +A
54.A. shall #s JE{Tb
B.will LG6VeYe|\X
C.would >C"f'!oM,j
D.should k=,,s(]tx
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 @OOnO+g
动名词、分词、不定式。 /\L|F?+@
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) %Gp%l
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) ,1'9l) zP
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 70,V>=aJ
真题剖析 /0Q=}:d
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. 5ur
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60. A. dropped
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B. to drop h8;B +#f`
C. dropping UW7*,B q
D.drops !@ mV$nTA
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. =[%ge{ ,t
59. A. destructive _E eH
B. dissatisfied ~_WsjD0O
C. damaged CZB!vh0
D. derivative ,4oYKJ$+h
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 7Q,9j.
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 2N_8ahc
How you got there doesn’t concern me. ;xFx%^M}br
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. dz
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2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 ,a t"Q$)T
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. [.\uHt
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 H..g2;
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4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 n 1OxT"tD
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). @UCI^a~w
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 n_;q B7,,
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. E$5)]<p! <
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) [{.e1s<EK
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) gL%%2 }$
He no less than John is interested in literature. j)
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7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) %:I\M)t}k
Either my father or my brothers are coming. 5\RTy}w3x
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 qEvHrsw},
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. \]Nlka
真题剖析 IS *-MLi
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. b~;gj ^
53. A. none +<5q8{]Pk
B. few "`P/j+-rt
C. any @tQu3Rq@
D. some NQQ+l0txI
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 9Q {-4yF9k
全部倒装 e>yPFXSk
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” (Fc \*Vn
There stand big buildings in this district. *|)a@V L
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. }^|g|xl!
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) >*DR>U
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. L $R"?O7
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