（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 O: :X$O7
1. 充当句子的状语。 E@Q+[~H }
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 b AGQ
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 V)f/
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4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) qOqQt=ObU
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. ZG H2
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. p4*VE5[?_+
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). :,]V 03
真题剖析 @K3<K (
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. 'Oyz/P(p
45. A. For "z1\I\
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B. As )F8G q,
C. With y
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D. Because hdXdz aNS
练习： Dny5X.8
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. s oRt< 83
8. A. is yCwBZ/C
B. having 4nN%5c~=
C. being N2 wBH+3w
D. be uosFpa
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 G &I\Za;
虚拟语气(2) K. Nun)<
1. (should)+动词原形 $Y5R ^Y
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 jeFX?]Q
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 8 2 nQ]
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 |JC/A;ZH
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 lfba
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 wR@&C\}9
would rather +动词过去式 %5?qS`/c(
真题剖析 u 0(
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(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … C_mPw
47. A. do TcPYDAa
B. did %JF.m$-
C. don’t g
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D. didn’t T PEg>[
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. "xe % IS
53. A. ordered ;.>CDt-E]
B. pleaded $ lz \t e
C. decided FW~%xUSE5
D. demanded G;#-CT
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. CV&+^_
j'k
15. A. took Y7g^ ?6
B. would take <Yif-9
C. will take BV _rk^}Ur
D. should take JG\T2/b
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. `p0+j
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) O7 5^(keW
54.A. shall ElLDSo@WvR
B.will /o%J / |
C.would qYjR
D.should z !2-U
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 |-t>_+. J'
动名词、分词、不定式。 bWU4lPfP
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) 8NU <lV`
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) ?5@!r>i=<
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 bn$a7\X-
真题剖析 !Q(x A,p
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. kC:GEY<N:Q
60. A. dropped "%^T~Z(_j
B. to drop Lc L|'S)
C. dropping MC=pN(l
D.drops %#7NCd
k;S
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. J4Yu|E<&
59. A. destructive ).IB{+
B. dissatisfied /XEt2,sI9
C. damaged /4K ^-
D. derivative D=ZH? d
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 ,dyCuH!B
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 E(%_aFx>/
How you got there doesn’t concern me. &:Mk^DH5
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. `Ckx~'1M:
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 y+jOk6)W75
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. 6sE%] u<V
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 #H8% BZy V
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 >v\t>
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Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). "CH3\O\
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 8 16OV
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. 3n ~n-Jo
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) O%hmGW4
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) {`KRr:w
He no less than John is interested in literature. d<,'9/a>
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) 6 $ .I>8n
Either my father or my brothers are coming. SAQ|1I#"/
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 PjxZ3O
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. !=/wpsH
真题剖析 JI5%fU%O#n
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. 3 *g>kRMJ
53. A. none q2SlK8`QJ
B. few wr`+xYuuC=
C. any 16cc9%
D. some Mtw7aK
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 G JeP~
全部倒装 |mS-<e8LY4
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” dm(Xy'*iQ
There stand big buildings in this district. /%F}vW (!
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. l>t0 H($
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) s^vw] D
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. Md5|j0#p
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