2016考博英语语法详解汇总

（一）考博英语语法：独立主格    　　 YCRE-5!  
　　1. 充当句子的状语。 (IV\sY  
　　2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 4dixHpq'  
　　3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 yeyDB>#Va.  
　　4.　With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) "U^m~N9k{  
　　例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. G^B> C  
　　b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. 7R:j^"I@  
　　c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). s(py7{ ^K  
　　真题剖析 uD/@d'd_4L  
　　(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are　 46　 of the material which would　47　feed them. UvGxA[~2+  
　　45. A. For 6y!U68L;B  
　　B. As kNK0KL  
　　C. With ~QSX 1w"  
　　D. Because /"J 6``MV  
　　练习： ;8oe-xS\+  
　　Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. ]I)ofXu]  
　　8. A. is g8cBb5(L  
　　B. having frUs'j/bZ  
　　C. being # bHkI~  
　　D. be WOZuFS13  
　　（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 -E1-(TS  
　　虚拟语气(2) lrZ]c:%k  
　　1. (should)+动词原形 0GxJja  
　　It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 |&"aZ!Kn  
　　It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 p _[,P7  
　　It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 ~;9n6U  
　　部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 /?r A|  
　　2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 )Zr\W3yWX  
　　would rather +动词过去式 <oJ?
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　　真题剖析 2*Qi4%s#  
　　(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I　47　say that teaching is hard work . … $M)SsD~  
　　47. A. do Eu' ;f_s  
　　B. did (m
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　　C. don’t ;4!H- qZ  
　　D. didn’t 8!|vp7/  
　　(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration　52 , and they　　53　that the professor be sent home. CPZ,sWg5  
　　53. A. ordered zoi0Z  
　　B. pleaded 2Snb+,o2  
　　C. decided 7zCJ3p  
　　D. demanded Awa| (]  
　　练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that 　　we__15__ this message to heart. j7ZxA*  
　　15. A. took " <+~u z  
　　B. would take !O%!A<3  
　　C. will take Xg d-^  
　　D. should take Bk\Y v0  
　　(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. p#jAEY p  
　　(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) D(ItNMcKu  
　　54.A. shall H2%Qu<Kg2  
　　B.will 7:olStK  
　　C.would 'UhHcMh:  
　　D.should ZN#b5I2Pf  
　　（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 V3ht:>c9qs  
　　动名词、分词、不定式。 N<i5X.X  
　　主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) yn}Dj9(q  
　　发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) u ,3 B[  
　　To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 BJwuN  
　　真题剖析 d~qQ_2M[G  
　　(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies　60　into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers.
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　　60. A. dropped is8i_FoD,n  
　　B. to drop '27$x&6>S  
　　C. dropping exJc[G&t(  
　　D.drops ]TT >3"Dw7  
　　(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a　59　life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining 　　relationships, from developing in human ways. g0j)k6<6(Y  
　　59. A. destructive A9b(P[!]T:  
　　B. dissatisfied l SdA7  
　　C. damaged A .&c>{B7  
　　D. derivative QUW`Yc  
　　（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 I :<,9.   
　　1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 .4^+q9M  
　　How you got there doesn’t concern me. b_RO%L:"yL  
　　Growing vegetables needs constant watering. V?S}%-a  
　　2.　表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 Axsezr/  
　　Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. 4,LS08&gh  
　　3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 l%2VA  
　　4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 L" ejA  
　　Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). m@XX2l9:9  
　　5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 6:G&x<{  
　　Everyone knows that you’ve come here. B-N//ef}  
　　If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.　　(--thing 的情况例外) g
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　　6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) +@?Q"B5u}  
　　He no less than John is interested in literature. VQpt1cK*  
　　7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) d]e36Dwk  
　　Either my father or my brothers are coming. <@(\z   
　　8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 "<0!S~]  
　　Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. 5%\K  
　　真题剖析 .zZfP+Q]8  
　　(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year,　54 of urbanization ever recorded. ^$P_B-C N  
　　53. A. none P1[.[q/-e  
　　B. few ivgX o'=  
　　C. any KX~ uE6rX  
　　D. some  Culv/  
　　（五）考博英语语法：倒装 c9[{P~y  
　　全部倒装 :;Z/$M16B  
　　1. “There (Here) +be+主语” u W,J5!  
　　There stand big buildings in this district. {2q"9Ox"  
　　Here on the desk lies a pile of books. (Z>?\iNJ  
　　2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) aQ(P#n>a2  
　　In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. T%%EWa<a  
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