（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 lo+A%\1
1. 充当句子的状语。 VPo".BvG6
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 rILYI;'o
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 7 <R E_/]
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) %ET+iIhK
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. /N{*"s
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b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. `c$V$/IT
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). z{QqY.Gu{G
真题剖析 z24q3 3O
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. L4W5EO$
45. A. For RRJ% :5&
B. As 5 qA '
C. With
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D. Because $`8wJf9@w
练习： -9?]IIVb
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. 5^ Zg>I
8. A. is h";L
B. having ckn(`I
C. being ]?4hyN
D. be (8 OsGn
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气
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虚拟语气(2) Z_NCD`i;
1. (should)+动词原形 *^`Vz
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It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 RnN! 2K
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 q3`u1S7Z7
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 ,zc(t<|-y
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 <VE@DBWyl~
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 pR_9NfV{
would rather +动词过去式 KPk i}'GO
真题剖析 d(K +) ;!
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … 6u%&<")4HP
47. A. do i/.6>4tE:
B. did 9BB=YnKE
C. don’t E-FUlOG&
D. didn’t W*G< X.Hf
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. \. S/|
53. A. ordered zm#
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B. pleaded )%]J>&/0J
C. decided )5H?Vh>36
D. demanded o;*Q}Gr<M
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. `@%LzeGz
15. A. took ^f@=
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B. would take ^^Vg~){ 4
C. will take eH,or ,r
D. should take 4z)]@:`}z
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. h`KU\X ) A
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) SWLo|)@[/
54.A. shall )}v l\7=
B.will R#KU^]"(
C.would Va8&Z
D.should xD$\ ,{
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 ^@]3R QB
动名词、分词、不定式。 nFn5v'g
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done)
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发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) $!Dpj
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To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 EV?z`jE 9
真题剖析 @pxcpXC y
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. v>5 6~AJ
60. A. dropped E'8;10s
B. to drop E.f%H( b
C. dropping ,vDbp?)'U
D.drops ` {Ul!
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. YzWz|
59. A. destructive A=4OWV?
B. dissatisfied dRDnJc3
C. damaged h$*!8=M
D. derivative u&NV,6Fj2[
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 6wxs1G
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 1"g<0
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How you got there doesn’t concern me. "o D[v
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. 4Up/p&1@
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 ;aBG,dr}i
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. =}*0-\QG
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 `]X>V,
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 2|L&D F:G
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). yw!{MO
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 99S ^f:t
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. [~^0gAlQC
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) yZRzIb_
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) d@^ZSy>L2
He no less than John is interested in literature. zTp"AuNHN
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) g
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Either my father or my brothers are coming. nEfK53i_
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 Nl/dX-I
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. 4JEpl'5^Q
真题剖析 XuTD\g 3)
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. =vPj%oLp'a
53. A. none ;`Z{7' ^U
B. few ?5p>BER?
C. any ==B6qX8T
D. some lFk R=!?=
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 3
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全部倒装 Y@v>FlqI{
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” .X&9Q9T=#
There stand big buildings in this district. "7
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Here on the desk lies a pile of books. WA qINLdX
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.)
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In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. JJnH%Q
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