2016考博英语语法详解汇总

（一）考博英语语法：独立主格    　　 @Pg@ltUd  
　　1. 充当句子的状语。 :l[Q  
　　2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 H%jIjf  
　　3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 x@l~*6!K  
　　4.　With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) $CV'p/^En  
　　例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. n
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　　b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. {N`<e>A]{  
　　c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). %HS!^j3C%  
　　真题剖析 ph+tk5k  
　　(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are　 46　 of the material which would　47　feed them. QAw,XZ.K^  
　　45. A. For ml/O
  
　　B. As )}lV41u  
　　C. With O/~^}8TLL  
　　D. Because g0$k_  
　　练习： <;"=a
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　　Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. LxDhthZi_  
　　8. A. is +Enff0 =+  
　　B. having 1W7BN~p14  
　　C. being 0_.hU^fP  
　　D. be 2geC3v% 0o  
　　（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 vGDo?X~#o  
　　虚拟语气(2) m@?e <$  
　　1. (should)+动词原形 tYa*%|! v  
　　It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 H|O}Dsj  
　　It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 xUoY|$fI  
　　It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 8B9zo&  
　　部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 3I(M<sB}  
　　2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 *5)!y d  
　　would rather +动词过去式 _\[G7  
　　真题剖析 /L^dHI]Q  
　　(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I　47　say that teaching is hard work . … 6Fb~`J~s  
　　47. A. do EUqG"h5#A{  
　　B. did j&5Xjl
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　　C. don’t N|}`p"  
　　D. didn’t r0>T7yPAK  
　　(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration　52 , and they　　53　that the professor be sent home. 5K<C  
　　53. A. ordered 2D"/k'iA  
　　B. pleaded nt6" }vO  
　　C. decided <i-RF-*S  
　　D. demanded NBX/V^  
　　练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that 　　we__15__ this message to heart. ZxQP,Ys_Y  
　　15. A. took WTx;,TNG  
　　B. would take r.5F^   
　　C. will take rg\w!L(  
　　D. should take XLT<,B}e  
　　(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. \\JXY*DA:+  
　　(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) (n\ cs$  
　　54.A. shall vCM'n kXY  
　　B.will /_\4(vvf  
　　C.would R0[Gfq9M=  
　　D.should 4tjRju?  
　　（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 ??PpHBJ')  
　　动名词、分词、不定式。 Qsa2iw{  
　　主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) Qw:j2g2H7  
　　发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) iKwVYL
 
　　To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 *6L^A`_1]  
　　真题剖析 mD!i
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　　(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies　60　into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. dq2v[?*R  
　　60. A. dropped SW7%SX,xM  
　　B. to drop V.J%4&^X  
　　C. dropping a$ }^z  
　　D.drops Hg4Ut/0  
　　(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a　59　life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining 　　relationships, from developing in human ways. ]+AI:  
　　59. A. destructive H\T h4teE  
　　B. dissatisfied ? 4_;9MkN  
　　C. damaged ?k#%AM  
　　D. derivative <qBPN{'a"  
　　（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 'py k  
　　1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 (w*$~p  
　　How you got there doesn’t concern me. &m`  
　　Growing vegetables needs constant watering. w

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　　2.　表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 2rxdRg'YLQ  
　　Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. tc[PJH&P  
　　3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 M
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　　4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 ~'ovJ46tx  
　　Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). ]n+:lsiV  
　　5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 R~`Y6>o~9:  
　　Everyone knows that you’ve come here. G 6][@q  
　　If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.　　(--thing 的情况例外) hm&~6rB  
　　6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) _Qv4;a  
　　He no less than John is interested in literature. _u>+H#  
　　7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) !MbRI  
　　Either my father or my brothers are coming. og>f1NwS[  
　　8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 t[<=QK  
　　Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. ;,viE~n  
　　真题剖析 (nBsf1l  
　　(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year,　54 of urbanization ever recorded. w(vf>L6(
 
　　53. A. none XLtuck  
　　B. few r@_;L>  
　　C. any c6e?)(V>  
　　D. some (vQShe\  
　　（五）考博英语语法：倒装 4F'@yi^Gt  
　　全部倒装 b&LhydaJ  
　　1. “There (Here) +be+主语” "MyYu}AD  
　　There stand big buildings in this district. R8ZW1  
　　Here on the desk lies a pile of books. 3mx7[Q  
　　2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) }b1P!xb!A  
　　In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. l!`m}$  
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