（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 2S7 BzZ/
1. 充当句子的状语。 ZV{C9S &
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 18X?CoM~
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 J* !_O#
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) tQ@7cjq8bA
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. y],op G6
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. q:kGJ xfaW
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). kk5&lak2V
真题剖析 2#NnA3l]x%
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. }`CF(Do
45. A. For C9 +rrc@4
B. As NrS+N;i
C. With #_^ p~:
D. Because 2|7:`e~h
练习： 25Ee+&&%
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. g5U,
8. A. is Ch{6=k bK
B. having H,
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C. being 2XL^A[?
D. be $cn8]*Z =
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 [? "hmSJ
虚拟语气(2) `'|6b5`2j
1. (should)+动词原形 V=fu[#<@Ig
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 ]2L11" erP
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 ] K&ca
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 1/1o T
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 w}6~t\9D
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 N g<ic
would rather +动词过去式 *DcIC]ao[
真题剖析 -J!n 7
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … aNM*=y`
47. A. do +)h# !/
B. did 7h(
C. don’t d$ o m\@
D. didn’t iLQ O
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(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. Jv
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53. A. ordered >=rniHs=?7
B. pleaded >r)UDa+
C. decided j/O9LygB
D. demanded tag)IWAiE
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. M`#g>~bI#R
15. A. took rp
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B. would take )w} 'kih
C. will take ZH=Bm^
D. should take L4+R8ojG
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. \{rhHb\|h
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.)
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54.A. shall >yenuqIKQv
B.will _ZWU~38PM
C.would $0{ h Uex
D.should Y$^vA[]c>
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 y]i} j,e0L
动名词、分词、不定式。 \Rt> U|%
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) l YdATM(h
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) (.z0.0W
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 CyVi{"aF3
真题剖析 ]9<H[5>$R
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. &f
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60. A. dropped yWN'va1+$
B. to drop S=L#8CID
C. dropping A[Ce3m
D.drops b
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(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. >_\]c-~<
59. A. destructive MD 0d
B. dissatisfied <g&GIFE,
C. damaged oY\;KPz
D. derivative EcR[b@YI
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 )DW".c
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 ]G
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How you got there doesn’t concern me. 4&L,QSJ V
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. |<8g 2A{X
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 zyK1
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Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. <qoPBm])
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 1JGww]JZo
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 M;z )c |Z
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). aX bj pb+
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 z.t,qi$;{U
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. p2GN93,u@P
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) p|r>tBv?x
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) Kna@K$6{w=
He no less than John is interested in literature. 4
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7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) >Z An2s
Either my father or my brothers are coming. 57N<OQWf
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 0M}Ql5+h,
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. rsK
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真题剖析 w 3L+7V, !
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. !NhVPb,
53. A. none
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B. few Nu; 9
C. any ub{Yg5{3S\
D. some 7YU}-gi
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 J s,. $t
全部倒装 aFy'6c}
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” p#dYNed]'
There stand big buildings in this district. kPp 7;U2A
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. gM
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2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) U$IB_a2
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. rdm&Y M`J
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