（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 Z:K+I+:t
1. 充当句子的状语。 7$!yfMttu
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 59V#FWe-
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 ,Kuk_@(}5~
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) yH*hL0mO
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. Sa L"!uAk
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. Rv98\VD"
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). *P`v^&
真题剖析 1j11|~
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. `)T&~2n
45. A. For _IWxYp
B. As Z .quh;
C. With 2gt+l?O<PS
D. Because 2 Zy_5>~
练习： zxkM'8JC
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. 3QW_k5o
8. A. is y,Jh@ n';|
B. having %Uy%kN_&
C. being n0Go p^3
D. be 6JhMkB^h
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 joqWh!kv7U
虚拟语气(2)
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1. (should)+动词原形 8'_ 0g[s
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 &f-hG3 /M
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 Pe}PH
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It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 T?n -x?e
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 ?n.)&ZIx0
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 VevNG *
would rather +动词过去式 rFey4 zz z
真题剖析 } # Doy{T
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … ?sXG17~B
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47. A. do <*<U!J-i
B. did ]!O u
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C. don’t ^/toz).Q
D. didn’t oZN'H T
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. 'N\&<dT>
53. A. ordered o_f-GO
B. pleaded [ ny6W9
C. decided l+[czb~
D. demanded ]a?bzO r,
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. j+kC-U;
15. A. took &^!h}D%T/
B. would take FJ5 4S
C. will take bcH_V| 5}
D. should take G-u]L7t&1
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. 0 )}$^TV
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) <+v{GF #R
54.A. shall V5p0h~PK
B.will 8 lT{1ro
C.would 5M F#&v
D.should QJGKQ2^ n
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 +v7) 1y
动名词、分词、不定式。 UzG[:ic%
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) $_Nf-:D*
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) fCw*$ :O
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 ru9zTZZD
真题剖析 B&0; 4
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. #7G*GbKY
60. A. dropped )[Z!*a m
B. to drop F@YKFk+a
C. dropping ravyiO L
D.drops 3=mr
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(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. WXw}^v
59. A. destructive >u t" OL9J
B. dissatisfied YJeyIYCs<
C. damaged YJV
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D. derivative soRv1) el
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致
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1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 zi@]83SS#
How you got there doesn’t concern me. Vq Sc;w
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. fWnD\mx?0
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 =FP0\cQ.
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. hVUh0XeO
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 %EbPI)yY3
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 \JEXX4%
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). ^!<dgBNj
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 \wcam`f
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. ^& @w$
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) g[RI.& ?
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) ]V l]XT$Um
He no less than John is interested in literature. g9D^) V
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) 'm1N/)F
Either my father or my brothers are coming. (wIzat
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 -}O1dEn.
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. x3jb%`o#!
真题剖析 {"oxJ`z4
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. Nkxm m/Z
53. A. none m8'C_U^89
B. few r.3/F[ .
C. any mMsTyM-f
D. some t!*+8Q !e
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 -F'b8:m
全部倒装 Bm&kk
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1. “There (Here) +be+主语” 3)-/`iy#
There stand big buildings in this district. =mA: ctu~v
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. C<KrMRWh ^
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) JkW9 D)6
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. ]|`C uc
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