（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 HsWk*L `y
1. 充当句子的状语。 Fcx&hj1gQ
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 3'Rx=G '
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 b$7 + ;I;
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) FwK] $4*
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. [7-?7mp!B
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. >l m&iF3y
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). k+ /6 $pI
真题剖析 "M
s
IjSu
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. xk5 ]^yDp
45. A. For R CrCs
B. As B?QIN]
C. With Ef\ -VKh
D. Because \['Cj*e k
练习： :s,Z<^5a)g
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. SM '|+ d
8. A. is 1 zZlC# V
B. having "%_+-C<L4
C. being @~e5<:|5#
D. be }k0_5S
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 E nR}IY&sI
虚拟语气(2) txpgO 1
1. (should)+动词原形 HQ g^
h
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 sK{e*[I>W
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 Q8NX)R
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 bOB \--:]
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 0f/<7R
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 _-D{-Bu#
would rather +动词过去式 d$RIS+V
真题剖析 i. "v4D
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … M+>u/fldV
47. A. do S!UaH>Rh
B. did M7T5
~/4
C. don’t 8Wx=p#_
D. didn’t d~
H`CrQE*
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. |N2#ItBbW
53. A. ordered uYN`:b8
B. pleaded Tx D#9]Q`
C. decided 6'/ #+,d'
D. demanded Nc`L;CP
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart.
)2.Si#
15. A. took # ] QZ
B. would take [~HN<>L@C
C. will take A&VG~r $
D. should take SU0
hma8
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. Cr Lrw T
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) Ew N}l
54.A. shall wT@og|M
B.will l **X^+=$
C.would C]6O!Pb0
D.should d6O[ @CyP
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 w<#!h6Y=
动名词、分词、不定式。 ^W ^OfY
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) )GpK@R]{
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) LoV<:|GTI
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 K0~rN.C!0
真题剖析 zPO9! ?7|
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. 6m93puY`7
60. A. dropped ZVBXx\{s
B. to drop ?< +WG/(d
C. dropping )5, v! X)
D.drops CJ
}%W#
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. zCZf%ATq
59. A. destructive i5Gg f"![
B. dissatisfied _>+Ld6 .T6
C. damaged FP z9N@M%Q
D. derivative jcOcWB|
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 iS^QTuk3%
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。
';CNGv -
How you got there doesn’t concern me. pBHR a?Y5
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. Z@HEj_n
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 pi(m7Ci"
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. i1Us
IT
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 1EK *g;H
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 <'u'#E@"sl
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). j2k"cmsKh
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 `Di{}/2
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. J.a]K[ci
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) C|bET
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等)
z{
dEC %
He no less than John is interested in literature. |!ELV 7?(
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) [X kx_B
Either my father or my brothers are coming. \bXa&Lq
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 4W75T2q#
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. wY ea\^co
真题剖析 F59 TZI
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. *. t ^MP
53. A. none tQVVhXQ7
B. few >P(.:_ ^p
C. any F4QVAOM]U
D. some 4eu O1=
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 8ag!K*\ V<
全部倒装 6]N.%Y[(
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” gY j'(jB
There stand big buildings in this district. y =@N|f!
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. SbZ6t$"
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) \V:^h [ad
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. )7@0[>
"@kaHIf[
