（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 o4X{L`m
1. 充当句子的状语。 3$ pX
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 %Zi} MPx
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 N[' .BN
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) oxs#866x
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. Ytkv!]"
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. 3w=J '(RU
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). Da|z"I
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真题剖析 @]j1:PN-
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. r
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45. A. For Y4 -t7UlS;
B. As eFgA 8kY)
C. With qP
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D. Because R&&4y 7
练习： d N q$}
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. N7"W{"3D
8. A. is 2G7 Wi!J
B. having *@5 @,=d
C. being {c'lhUB
D. be
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（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 4s- ! 7
虚拟语气(2) vsPu*[%
1. (should)+动词原形
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It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 vXs" Dst
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 oR'm2d ^
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 +(Ae4{z"1+
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 @gblW*Zhk
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 t Q)qCk07
would rather +动词过去式 6 P3*Z
真题剖析 X ?O[r3<
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … zhQJy?>'m
47. A. do (PL UFT
B. did Dt@SqX:~Ee
C. don’t * 4'"2 "
D. didn’t Jy)/%p~
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. G c?a +T
53. A. ordered &C}*w2]0S
B. pleaded dtDFoETz
C. decided 6u
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D. demanded &oNAv-m^GD
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. - "x$ZnHU
15. A. took 0GwR~Z}Z
B. would take awRX1:T#;O
C. will take >*bvw~y ,
D. should take k$Vl fQ'+
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. %d @z39-;
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) '/p4O2b,
54.A. shall gGYKEq{j(
B.will WH\d| 1)
C.would _c07}aQ ],
D.should 7zMr:J mV
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 P?< y%c<
动名词、分词、不定式。 U$g?!Yl0
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) vO=fP_
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been)
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To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 2wn2.\v M
真题剖析 |Tw~@kT@
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers.
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60. A. dropped WIOV2 +
B. to drop nN;u,}e
C. dropping }JfjX '
D.drops k)u[0}
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. Xj*Wu_
59. A. destructive E`q_bn
B. dissatisfied 9uY'E'm*
C. damaged 0(I j%Wi,
D. derivative J,G
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（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 mOSv9w#,
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 e!`i3KYn"
How you got there doesn’t concern me. q4q6c")zp
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. K,]=6 Rj
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。
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Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. J1kM\8%b\
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 ]9L
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4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 ,Q,^3*HX9}
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). U.TA^S ]`g
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 P2!C|SLK
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. *=n:-
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) edV\-H5<
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) E9}C #
He no less than John is interested in literature.
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7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) fnY.ao1-s[
Either my father or my brothers are coming. 8Y3I0S
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 D0C
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Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. VX/#1S tC
真题剖析
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(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. __@BUK{ q
53. A. none zJXplvaL;
B. few /> Nt[o[r
C. any P$sxr
D. some
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（五）考博英语语法：倒装 nie % eC&U
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1. “There (Here) +be+主语” | ' .
There stand big buildings in this district. 6Iw\c
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. BC]?0 U
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) {^'HL
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. bx Wa oWE0
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