（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 )~-r&Q5d
1. 充当句子的状语。 RA1K$D ?A
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 :!yPR
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 KAg-M#
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) + CN! 3(r
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. hc*t Q2
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. 9Ed=`c
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). *Hz]<b?
真题剖析 gg/2R?O]
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. {r%T_BfY
45. A. For L7[f-cK2:
B. As o)n= n!A
C. With kD(#LM<9s
D. Because "B>8on8O
练习： jq%}=-%KE
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. i*r ag0Mw
8. A. is kbo9nY1k
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B. having T gl >
C. being Lp (i&A
D. be s
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（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 &8I }q]'k
虚拟语气(2) b
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1. (should)+动词原形 ra2{8 x
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 lF
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It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 GG"6O_
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 W23Q>x&S
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 ^C92R"*Qu
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 CI-1>= "OE
would rather +动词过去式 ANgt\8
真题剖析 !8D>Bczq)
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … K7@| 2;e
47. A. do Nukyvse
B. did 8&nb@l
C. don’t B"zB =A w
D. didn’t jD%|@ux
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. w/"vf3}(9
53. A. ordered 5423Ky<
B. pleaded
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C. decided tv`b# #
D. demanded sp
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练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. ;obOr~Jx'5
15. A. took ?qi~8.<w
B. would take wu><a!3`=o
C. will take #/jug[wf*!
D. should take /H"fycZ
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. F_9
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(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) sW'_ K.z
54.A. shall <7SE|
B.will J*MH
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C.would 8)=(eI$
D.should p
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（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 jex\ 5
动名词、分词、不定式。 cTzR<Yr
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) 9jY+0h*uP
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) <5 }I6R;
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 "igA^^?X1N
真题剖析 HcJ!(
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. LH)1IGAx2y
60. A. dropped A{J?I:
B. to drop vs[! B-
C. dropping Md@x2Ja
D.drops -,+C*|mu
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. _ s#]WyU1g
59. A. destructive &g&,~ Y/z;
B. dissatisfied 2 G2+oS
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C. damaged }
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D. derivative |v8h g])I+
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 6q8}8;STTY
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 .=Oww
How you got there doesn’t concern me. Vm\zLWNB
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. g[1>|Ax`'
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 tt2
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Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. O2ktqAWx@
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 y[85eM
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 Vdx
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Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). d
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5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 4G F3.?3
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. NYP3u_
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If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) 5
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6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) 9q$^x/z!
He no less than John is interested in literature. qOy(dG g
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) Zl&ED {k<
Either my father or my brothers are coming. $`7Fk%#+e
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 <";1[A%7<
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. ~A5NseWCK
真题剖析 z(Uz<*h8
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. .wq
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53. A. none 9-{
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B. few 6?%$e$s
C. any dF 6o d
D. some QnB WZUI
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 k3t]lG p
全部倒装 D :j5/ *
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” Tim/7*vx
There stand big buildings in this district. {
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Here on the desk lies a pile of books. G7`mK}J7
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) ( z)#}TC
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. &E0^Jz
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