（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 n0r+A^]
1. 充当句子的状语。 Uzz'.K(Mv|
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 *6sl
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 }\tdcTMgS
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) ~
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例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. _4" mAPt
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. {@6= Q 6L
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). K0- ypU*P
真题剖析 6t>.[Y"v
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. LLk(l#K*
45. A. For h1B? 8
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B. As &+Z,hs9%
C. With kpJ @M%46
D. Because EN$2,qf
练习： * W.C7=
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. G,?
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8. A. is ~HTmO;HNf"
B. having o< |c A5f\
C. being !nqUB a
D. be jr)1(**
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 Q\^O64ge D
虚拟语气(2) ?u{~>
1. (should)+动词原形 /xsF90c\h
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 &~8oQC-eF
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 hBS.a6u1'd
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 QqFR\6
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 pOGeru u?
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 GR&z,
would rather +动词过去式 )Q1"\\2j0
真题剖析 ^A!Qc=#z}
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … 1;C+$
47. A. do Lx\ 8Z=
B. did igkYX!0#8O
C. don’t 2Z -ljD&
D. didn’t O~T@rX9f
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. FKIw!m ~
53. A. ordered OBMTgZHxv
B. pleaded V}J)\VZ2#
C. decided 3N dq>
D. demanded zDw5]*R
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. @Fluc,Il
15. A. took Ir
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B. would take xAK6pDp
C. will take ,I7E[LU
D. should take )[PtaPWeT
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. >hP QRd
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) |bq$xp
54.A. shall le1}0 L
B.will kddZZA3`
C.would Ka[t75~;
D.should wj,:"ESb4
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 Y n@lr6s
动名词、分词、不定式。 b6Wq
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主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) b:Wm8pp?
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) /LvRP yj@
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 d/ARm-D
真题剖析 8d O!
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. %e-7
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60. A. dropped yUZb #%n
B. to drop U&Wt %U{
C. dropping ?)kG A$m#
D.drops
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(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. jzDuE{
59. A. destructive z2g3FUTX)b
B. dissatisfied =T(6#"
C. damaged XZ sz/#
D. derivative ~F4fFQ-yy
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 9f hsIe
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 zG ^$"f2
How you got there doesn’t concern me. i+p^ ^t\
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. +z9Q -d%O
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 d/[;
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Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. g;2?F[8T h
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 Pb1*\+
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 +89*)pk
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). | N[<x@
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 LIcM3
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Everyone knows that you’ve come here. 0`X]o'RxS
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) 7]blrN]
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等)
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He no less than John is interested in literature. ,.kha8 v
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) ti
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Either my father or my brothers are coming. WU71/PYm`
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 Dpl A?
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. Cj{1
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真题剖析 ?QFpv #4
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. m 8aITd8
53. A. none ,N !o
B. few P_*" dza
C. any hRUhX[
D. some z([ v %zf
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 K `u(/kz/<
全部倒装 s' %R
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” ^eo|P~w
g
There stand big buildings in this district. 3|'>`!h b
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. p<,*3h uj
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) Rb% 8)t
x
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. 'Vz P};
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