2016考博英语语法详解汇总

（一）考博英语语法：独立主格    　　 }dSFv   
　　1. 充当句子的状语。 xG(:O@  
　　2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 VKi3z%kwK  
　　3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 +PO& z!F  
　　4.　With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) obw:@
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　　例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. ~'):1}KN]  
　　b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. K$M,d- `b  
　　c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). [ HjG
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　　真题剖析 Q?%v b  
　　(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are　 46　 of the material which would　47　feed them. *1}vn%wvn  
　　45. A. For CjA}-ee  
　　B. As vaZ?>94  
　　C. With |nO}YU\E  
　　D. Because >2)!w  
　　练习： 7M9s}b%?  
　　Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. $w<~W1\:  
　　8. A. is J15$P8J  
　　B. having q}5&B=2pM  
　　C. being ;"GI~p2~7  
　　D. be ^F1zkIE  
　　（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 GgjBLe=C  
　　虚拟语气(2) jfrUOl'l  
　　1. (should)+动词原形 B6vmBmN  
　　It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 x9CI>l  
　　It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 (.
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　　It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 ( ]o6Pi  
　　部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 JXnPKAN  
　　2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 =
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　　would rather +动词过去式 s^{j  
　　真题剖析 aa1XY&G"!  
　　(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I　47　say that teaching is hard work . … i]LK,'  
　　47. A. do |qNrj~n@  
　　B. did <FK7Rz:4T  
　　C. don’t z_l3=7R  
　　D. didn’t qkUr5^1  
　　(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration　52 , and they　　53　that the professor be sent home. I}v'n{5(  
　　53. A. ordered L}a3!33)C  
　　B. pleaded |H_)u  
　　C. decided Yhw* `"X  
　　D. demanded BK d(  
　　练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that 　　we__15__ this message to heart. OEwfNZQ-  
　　15. A. took .DvAX(2v  
　　B. would take {M~!?#<K  
　　C. will take }lb.3fqiA  
　　D. should take 4COf H7Al9  
　　(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. T&2 3Pf1  
　　(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) 1aT$07G0  
　　54.A. shall z"O-d<U5  
　　B.will Nb9pdkf0  
　　C.would %ej"ZeM  
　　D.should Elq8WtS  
　　（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 8Z!ea3kAT  
　　动名词、分词、不定式。 &4[iC/}  
　　主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) -?'CUm*Od  
　　发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) ^,5.vfES  
　　To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 uR%H"f  
　　真题剖析 #?=cg]v_  
　　(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies　60　into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. Z%R%D*f@y  
　　60. A. dropped FTfA\/tl(;  
　　B. to drop IXN4?=)I  
　　C. dropping lBdF9F<  
　　D.drops $(R) =4  
　　(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a　59　life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining 　　relationships, from developing in human ways. M::iU_  
　　59. A. destructive 5!zvoX9  
　　B. dissatisfied >i%w'uU  
　　C. damaged Fc~w`~tv  
　　D. derivative /8>/"Z2S  
　　（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 F/SsiUBS  
　　1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 %6'D!H?d  
　　How you got there doesn’t concern me. Z5L1^  
　　Growing vegetables needs constant watering. )X;cS} yp  
　　2.　表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 i_Z5SMZ  
　　Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. EiN)TB^]  
　　3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 dt+ 4$  
　　4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 R?~h7 d  
　　Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). vqOLSE"t*O  
　　5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 [?@wCY4=  
　　Everyone knows that you’ve come here. 78CJ  
　　If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.　　(--thing 的情况例外) V55J[s*6!  
　　6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) t} i97;  
　　He no less than John is interested in literature. oz6+rM6MY  
　　7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) NJf(,Mr*|  
　　Either my father or my brothers are coming. -wQ^oOJ  
　　8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 `]P5,  
　　Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. hdtnC29$  
　　真题剖析 Z#
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　　(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year,　54 of urbanization ever recorded. - (_e=3$  
　　53. A. none tNuCxb-  
　　B. few E<CxKY9  
　　C. any plx/}ah8  
　　D. some 3V Mh)  
　　（五）考博英语语法：倒装 r7"Au"  
　　全部倒装 +#qt^NO  
　　1. “There (Here) +be+主语” B >u,)  
　　There stand big buildings in this district. { w8 !K  
　　Here on the desk lies a pile of books. gJPDNZ*6pk  
　　2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) Q6.*"`  
　　In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. ~+<xFi  
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