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主题 : 2016考博英语语法详解汇总
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楼主  发表于: 2015-10-30   

2016考博英语语法详解汇总

(一)考博英语语法:独立主格       9Ra*bP ]1  
  1. 充当句子的状语。 9ldv*9v  
  2. 有自己的主语,同句子的主语不一致。 dI};l  
  3. 名词(代词,形容词,副词,介词)+ 分词 `83s97Sa  
  4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词)  rl"$6{Z}  
  例:a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. *mwHuGbZed  
  b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. }8`W%_Yk  
  c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). ?NkweT(  
  真题剖析 O eLM*Zi  
  (1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are  46  of the material which would 47 feed them. '#pY/,hVB  
  45. A. For QhR.8iS  
  B. As BWRAz*V  
  C. With 4LO4SYW7  
  D. Because 5P'o+Vwz  
  练习: > ka*-8 ?  
  Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. }81eef4$S  
  8. A. is trl Z^K  
  B. having q=Xda0c  
  C. being 3*INDD=  
  D. be /q[5- 96c  
  (二)考博英语语法:虚拟语气 z 3((L  
  虚拟语气(2) IY_u|7d  
  1. (should)+动词原形 }Rl^7h<!  
  It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 ~hiJOaCzM  
  It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 rFn %e  
  It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 F s+ CY  
  部分名词/动词(表示建议,劝告,决定等) +that从句 /1D]\k()  
  2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 <7  
  would rather +动词过去式 -o: if F|  
  真题剖析 "^gV.  
  (1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … ;&iZ {  
  47. A. do F"I{_yleq'  
  B. did '2LK(uaU  
  C. don’t "p Rr>Fa  
  D. didn’t MZPXI{G  
  (1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they  53 that the professor be sent home. KH=4A-e,0  
  53. A. ordered _.}1 Y,Q  
  B. pleaded /kZ{+4M  
  C. decided m%$GiNs}  
  D. demanded 8VWkUsOoI  
  练习:Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that   we__15__ this message to heart. O8\>?4)  
  15. A. took 1&7~.S;km  
  B. would take ^k#.;Q#4  
  C. will take \+9~\eeXb  
  D. should take WSi`KNX  
  (2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. sLHUQ(S!  
  (even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) !k5I#w:  
  54.A. shall Jm#mC  
  B.will II,snRD  
  C.would ( M$2CL  
  D.should 1J{1>r  
  (三)考博英语语法:非谓语动词 ^i;y2c  
  动名词、分词、不定式。 __mnz``/Y  
  主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) 7>@g)%",  
  发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) \h{M\bSIEa  
  To在什么情况下作介词,什么情况下作不定式引导词。 W]TO%x{  
  真题剖析 ",O}{z  
  (2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. !kpnBgmU  
  60. A. dropped %C1*`"Jb&  
  B. to drop Yw!(]8PYdU  
  C. dropping Ho^rYz  
  D.drops ^q@6((O  
  (2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining   relationships, from developing in human ways. IncHY?ud<  
  59. A. destructive 8am/5o  
  B. dissatisfied e/J|wM9Ak  
  C. damaged lFZ}.  
  D. derivative gX'nFGqud  
  (四)考博英语语法:主谓一致 #q-7#pp  
  1. 整体及抽象概念作主语,谓语通常用单数形式。 {E3329t|'  
  How you got there doesn’t concern me. 13f@Ox$  
  Growing vegetables needs constant watering. 7[/1uI9U8K  
  2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语,谓语多用单数。 q\I2lZ  
  Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. tUrwg  
  3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等),谓语通常用单数形式。 ;Q{~jT  
  4. “分数或百分数+主语”,谓语跟主语保持一致。 O\z]1`i*o  
  Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). 2<X.kM?N{B  
  5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语,谓语用单数。 I<}<!.Bc!  
  Everyone knows that you’ve come here. M~SbIk<#a<  
  If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.  (--thing 的情况例外) uB*Y}"Fn  
  6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) id=:J7!QU  
  He no less than John is interested in literature. w1q`  
  7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) Ug~ ]!L  
  Either my father or my brothers are coming. W6 y-~  
  8. each,every,many a, no …+主语,谓语用单数。 ~ MZEAY9  
  Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. wusj;v4C4M  
  真题剖析 GyP.;$NHa[  
  (2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. n72+X  
  53. A. none O dWZYWj  
  B. few ~IhLjE  
  C. any tUXly|k  
  D. some ob(S/t  
  (五)考博英语语法:倒装 m&&Y=2  
  全部倒装 [.[|rnil  
  1. “There (Here) +be+主语” $bd tiD  
  There stand big buildings in this district. >dU.ic?19  
  Here on the desk lies a pile of books. k&M9Hn2  
  2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆,如it blew up.) K>_~zWnc  
  In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. }r _d{nhi  
<Z:Fnp  
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