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楼主  发表于: 2015-10-30   

2016考博英语语法详解汇总

(一)考博英语语法:独立主格       |xF!3GGms  
  1. 充当句子的状语。 w^9< I]  
  2. 有自己的主语,同句子的主语不一致。 l"1*0jgBw  
  3. 名词(代词,形容词,副词,介词)+ 分词 S5kD|kJ  
  4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) 8|(],NyEJ  
  例:a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. :p%#U$S4  
  b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. W^7yh&@lU  
  c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). yDJy'Z_F{  
  真题剖析 (*b<IGi;  
  (1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are  46  of the material which would 47 feed them. Yw yMC d  
  45. A. For %LM6=nt  
  B. As $o0.oY#  
  C. With P,xIDj4d  
  D. Because ~<-mxOe  
  练习: 1]9w9! j  
  Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. /OYa1,  
  8. A. is %|%eGidu  
  B. having ` !spi=f  
  C. being ;l1.jQh  
  D. be *?*~<R  
  (二)考博英语语法:虚拟语气 4"H *hKp  
  虚拟语气(2) LuHRB}W  
  1. (should)+动词原形 Alo L+eN@  
  It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 {6WG  
  It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 S>>wf:\ c  
  It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 }O>4XFj  
  部分名词/动词(表示建议,劝告,决定等) +that从句 VdGVEDwz  
  2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 tGgDS)  
  would rather +动词过去式 5eE\ X /  
  真题剖析 8sU5MQ5  
  (1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … D(;+my2  
  47. A. do o[}Dj6e\t  
  B. did sQj]#/yK:  
  C. don’t <ch}]-_  
  D. didn’t (9oo8&GG  
  (1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they  53 that the professor be sent home. BWQ`8   
  53. A. ordered <F(S_w62  
  B. pleaded 6dmb bgO)  
  C. decided U65l o[  
  D. demanded sT"ICoo c  
  练习:Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that   we__15__ this message to heart.  Igmg&  
  15. A. took 6u#eLs  
  B. would take _B#x{ii  
  C. will take l?2  
  D. should take ;4ybkOD  
  (2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. >\^oCbqF}~  
  (even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) 0 K#|11r  
  54.A. shall ?gU raSFU  
  B.will R;pW,]}g,  
  C.would z/`+jIB  
  D.should 0?8>{!I  
  (三)考博英语语法:非谓语动词 -&`_bf%M  
  动名词、分词、不定式。 \Xmp lG:  
  主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done)  O5vfcX4>  
  发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) |f @A-d X  
  To在什么情况下作介词,什么情况下作不定式引导词。 fMFkA(Of^  
  真题剖析 ^7/v[J<<  
  (2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. gJX"4]Ol#}  
  60. A. dropped & ;.rPU  
  B. to drop U`=r .>  
  C. dropping .z_nW1id  
  D.drops ~`&4?c3p  
  (2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining   relationships, from developing in human ways. S$hxR  
  59. A. destructive ;Us6:}s  
  B. dissatisfied :t!J 9  
  C. damaged #K:iB*  
  D. derivative Qc-W2%  
  (四)考博英语语法:主谓一致 r3U7`P   
  1. 整体及抽象概念作主语,谓语通常用单数形式。 9&=%shOc+x  
  How you got there doesn’t concern me. CHv n8tk  
  Growing vegetables needs constant watering. *~ 6]IWN`  
  2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语,谓语多用单数。 w9GY/]  
  Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. EiC["M'}  
  3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等),谓语通常用单数形式。 ]kmAN65c  
  4. “分数或百分数+主语”,谓语跟主语保持一致。 "?6*W"N9  
  Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). *vRHF1)L  
  5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语,谓语用单数。 3{co.+  
  Everyone knows that you’ve come here. ^0>^5l'n  
  If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.  (--thing 的情况例外) KYB3n85 1  
  6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) GYIQ[#'d7  
  He no less than John is interested in literature. jWxa [ >  
  7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) T<7}IH$6xE  
  Either my father or my brothers are coming. mD +9/O!  
  8. each,every,many a, no …+主语,谓语用单数。 |n,O!29  
  Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. g=4P-i3   
  真题剖析 Om:Gun\%  
  (2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. >^9j>< Z  
  53. A. none u SZfim@Z7  
  B. few v8E:64  
  C. any MJe/ \  
  D. some =u9e5n  
  (五)考博英语语法:倒装 r\b$/:y<e  
  全部倒装 2i6P<&@  
  1. “There (Here) +be+主语” <]S M$) =D  
  There stand big buildings in this district. T[},6I|!  
  Here on the desk lies a pile of books. E?K(MT&@  
  2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆,如it blew up.) _pS)bx w  
  In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. E(S$Q^  
Us&~d"n  
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