（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 !.{"Ttn;s
1. 充当句子的状语。 !@>q^_Gez
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 a
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3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 yp] z@SYA@
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) >
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例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. *^:s! F
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. }b^x#HC
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). ^t?vv;@}
真题剖析 <6&Z5mpm$w
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. d%:J-UtG"
45. A. For 63QF1*gPH
B. As xAr&sGMA
C. With O-!Q~;3][
D. Because X/h|;C* 9
练习： C=t9P# g*.
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. p@ U[fv8u
8. A. is ~Rw][Ys
B. having y?Pw6;e.
C. being Bh7hF?c Sj
D. be h :i FLS f
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 vXg^ K}a#
虚拟语气(2) Ymf@r?F<
1. (should)+动词原形 pJIJ"o'>.9
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 Y]!&, e,
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 vy-q<6T}:p
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 mV+9*or
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 ^]. U?t.n)
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 F`1J&S;C
would rather +动词过去式 I
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真题剖析 yb,$UT"]
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … *JAC+<~d
47. A. do O;|jLf_If
B. did s1t kiX{>
C. don’t G8'
D. didn’t RK p9[^/?
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. <
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53. A. ordered O$N;a9g
B. pleaded /PbMt
C. decided SVObJsB^
D. demanded B> c2 *+Bk
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. N`4XlD
15. A. took ,L4zhhl!_
B. would take s p+'c;a
C. will take g~U<0+&yw%
D. should take ] ^?w0A
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. /F46Ac}I
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) :4\%a4{Ie
54.A. shall %dzO*/8cWo
B.will [Jj@A(Cz
C.would FM (EOsWk
D.should Z9|A"[b
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 unKl5A[h
动名词、分词、不定式。 [lVfhXc&
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) Y[_|sIy*
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) <
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To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 8aKS=(Z!j
真题剖析 8@LUL)"
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. 4jGN:*kZ
60. A. dropped a)c;z@r
B. to drop o!U(=:*b
C. dropping [zXC\)&!
D.drops g'{?j~g
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. ew~?
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59. A. destructive >Vg [ A
B. dissatisfied l p S v
C. damaged m*CW3y{n)
D. derivative KUK.;gG*Z
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 e+F $f Qt>
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 i H@u3[w
How you got there doesn’t concern me. >)G [ww[
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. J/:U,01
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 *9xxX,QT8Q
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. `(`-S
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3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。
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4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 >HRNB&]LdP
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). [CfZE
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 7U1 M;@y
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. ;|Hpg_~%>
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) -mGG:#yP
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) TQ:5@1aT
He no less than John is interested in literature. " C&>$h_%
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) Otx>S' 5
Either my father or my brothers are coming. N*6~$zl&
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 0 #Pa; (
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. = $^90Q,Z;
真题剖析 FN<>L0
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. S[yrGX8lu
53. A. none uDkX{<_Xe
B. few b_6cK#
C. any GnUD<P=I
D. some reArXmU<u
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 FG{,l=Z0
全部倒装 4
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1. “There (Here) +be+主语” d4ld-y
There stand big buildings in this district. 3 yb]d5:U
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. ] +m 2pEO
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) L(cKyg[R
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. ^b`-zFL 7
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