（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 7;fC
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1. 充当句子的状语。 gmR c4 o
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 @@Ybg6.+*
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 u^tQ2&?O!P
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) i D IY|
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. \Y)HSJR;e
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. ~R
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c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). rF-SvSj}
真题剖析 (BVqmi{
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. - [7 +g
45. A. For q !z"YpYB
B. As Y,)(Q
C. With yS
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D. Because cmG27\c RO
练习： d&FXndC4F
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. f,TW|Y' {g
8. A. is [Km{6 L&
B. having k4K.
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C. being cAW}a
D. be xpR`fq
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 _`udd)Y2
虚拟语气(2) jq ,M1
1. (should)+动词原形 *-nO,K>y`
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 ka9@7IFM
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 HoGYgye=
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 t`Z'T qP R
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 M}\h?s
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 Pao^>rj
would rather +动词过去式 # DUfEZ
真题剖析 ^1S{::
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … TJ"-cWpO1
47. A. do lmeTW0U@9(
B. did n~I-mR)"
C. don’t u<ed O+
D. didn’t a2Ak?W1
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. d0:LJ'<Q
53. A. ordered d?fS#Ryb
B. pleaded Ln h =y2
C. decided EQm{qc;
D. demanded |.N[NY
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. S< 0
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15. A. took s;VW
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B. would take )5}<@Q l
C. will take Z`S# > o
D. should take I1<WHq
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. NrqJf-ldo
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) N:lfKI
54.A. shall _SBbd9
B.will y :;.r :
C.would UGcmzwE
D.should )2[)11J9t
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 sA2-3V<t8
动名词、分词、不定式。 >d + }$dB
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) < z<>E1ZLI
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) IoDT
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 ,2FK$: M\
真题剖析 Y(PCc }/\
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. 6<lo0PQ"Z
60. A. dropped Ge q]wv8
B. to drop | v!N1+v0
C. dropping d(q1 ?{zr4
D.drops *[si!e%
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. cN,*QN
59. A. destructive 5$9$R(KU
B. dissatisfied 0 +=sBk (
C. damaged PT
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D. derivative U oT`/.
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 FGV
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1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 HI8mNX3 "j
How you got there doesn’t concern me. :v^ /k]S
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. 2zC4nF)>O
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 (?4%Xtul1
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. Q "&Mr +
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 F^%w%E\
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 )9eI o&Nl
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). D+7xMT8pqH
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 ]1
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Everyone knows that you’ve come here. 8C3k:
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If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) e9LX0=
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) 0Ui.nz j
He no less than John is interested in literature. u
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7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) =$' >VPQ
Either my father or my brothers are coming. U)(R4Y6 v
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 - `L`kL<
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. D \ rns+
真题剖析 qTuR[(
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. 3&-rOc
53. A. none v-8>@s jy8
B. few !gX xM,R
C. any A?YYR%o%'
D. some Nc+0_|,
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 hUMG} <
全部倒装 :C5w5
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1. “There (Here) +be+主语” !u7KgB<=/F
There stand big buildings in this district. FvsVfV U
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. IyO 0~Vx>
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) 6 P{bUom?
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. dk&F?B{6T
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