（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 "Kc1@EX=
1. 充当句子的状语。 pZV=Co3!I
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 kS1?%E,)q
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 bW?cb5C
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) zya2 O?s
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. %pBc]n @_
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. \?~cJMN
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). m T&?DZ9<
真题剖析 =kDh: &u%
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. ck\TTNA
45. A. For .Hm1ispq
B. As D V=xqC6}
C. With FfpP<(
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D. Because R>y/Y<5=
练习： Cd'`rs}3
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. Ck>{7 Gw
8. A. is $b`~K M O
B. having |h^] `= 3
C. being ,HECH A_"
D. be A# Ne 07d
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 ^
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虚拟语气(2) RhD
1. (should)+动词原形 W_ RN@O
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 `L7Cf&W\l8
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 5# B M
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 l9vJ]
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 ufvjW]
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 <m0m8p"G
would rather +动词过去式 b:(t22m#?
真题剖析
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(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … t-?#x
47. A. do }dpE>
B. did S t;@ZV
C. don’t +6Ye'IOG
D. didn’t
a
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(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. "w{$d&+?ag
53. A. ordered 7g-{ <d
B. pleaded ZDbzH=[
C. decided d-'BT(
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D. demanded h.4FY<
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. g>;"Fymc'
15. A. took i
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B. would take 5`Y>!|
Ab
C. will take (kL(:P/
D. should take ,*Wp$
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing.
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(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) J6g n!
54.A. shall ccwz: 7r
B.will E'^ny4gL
C.would "GX k; Y
D.should 'tJxAD K
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 {=6CL'_
动名词、分词、不定式。 _*-b0 }T
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) 5#mHWBGd7
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) -%TwtO<$']
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 d#|%h]
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真题剖析 4"#F =f0
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. \ 0. !al0
60. A. dropped j+[oZfH
B. to drop ?KG4Z
C. dropping NL &![;
D.drops OmZK~$K_
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. Daq lL
59. A. destructive jJAr #|
B. dissatisfied >=/DCQ$
C. damaged O)c 3Lm-w
D. derivative 8i
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（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 Y8for'
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 #g~]2x
How you got there doesn’t concern me. Z/LYTo$Bz
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. wlpcuz@
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 rh T!8dTk
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. ekd;sEO
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 '![VA8
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 #J ~xKyJi'
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). rE oOv
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。
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Everyone knows that you’ve come here. 0aGAF ]
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) L#fS P
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) -^t&U]
g
He no less than John is interested in literature. 0>:`|IGnT2
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) 4F+G;'JV
Either my father or my brothers are coming. m}+_z^@j9
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 hA+;eXy/
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. r@ba1*y0
真题剖析 |sB L(9
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. @'"7[k!y;
53. A. none Hnf?`j>
B. few |UN#utw{^Y
C. any |`Be(
D. some GuQ#
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 10 *^
全部倒装 =<U'Jtu6'
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” uKo4nXVtp
There stand big buildings in this district. \{1 Vjo
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. EI@e p~
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) uN 6xOq/
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. [H>/N7v19*
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