（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 |xF!3GGms
1. 充当句子的状语。 w^9< I]
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 l"1*0jgBw
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 S5kD|kJ
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) 8|(],NyEJ
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. :p%#U$S4
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. W^7yh&@lU
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). yD Jy'Z_F{
真题剖析 (*b<IGi;
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. Yw
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45. A. For %LM6=nt
B. As $o0.oY#
C. With P, xIDj4d
D. Because ~<-mxOe
练习： 1]9w9! j
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. /OYa1,
8. A. is %|%eGidu
B. having `
!spi=f
C. being ;l1.jQh
D. be *?*~<R
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 4"H * hKp
虚拟语气(2) LuHRB}W
1. (should)+动词原形 Alo L+eN@
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 {6WG
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 S>>wf:\ c
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 }O>4XFj
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 V dGVEDwz
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 tGgDS)
would rather +动词过去式 5eE\
X /
真题剖析 8sU5MQ5
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … D(;+my2
47. A. do o[}Dj6e\t
B. did sQj]#/yK:
C. don’t <ch}]-_
D. didn’t (9oo8& GG
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. BWQ`8
53. A. ordered <F(S_w62
B. pleaded 6dmb
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C. decided U65l o[
D. demanded sT"ICoo
c
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart.
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15. A. took 6u #eLs
B. would take _B #x{ii
C. will take l?2
D. should take ;4ybkO D
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. >\^oCbqF}~
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) 0 K#|11r
54.A. shall ?gU raSFU
B.will R;pW,]}g,
C.would z/`+jIB
D.should 0?8>{!I
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 -&`_bf%M
动名词、分词、不定式。 \ Xmp lG:
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done)
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发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) |f @A-d X
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 fMFkA(Of^
真题剖析 ^7/v[J<<
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. gJX"4]Ol#}
60. A. dropped & ;.rPU
B. to drop U` =r .>
C. dropping .z_nW1id
D.drops ~`&4?c3p
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. S $hxR
59. A. destructive ;Us 6:}s
B. dissatisfied :t!J
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C. damaged #K:iB*
D. derivative Qc-W2%
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 r3U7`P
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 9&=%shOc+x
How you got there doesn’t concern me. CHv
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Growing vegetables needs constant watering. *~
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2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 w 9G Y/]
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. EiC["M'}
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 ] kmAN65c
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 "?6*W"N9
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). *vRHF1)L
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。
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Everyone knows that you’ve come here. ^0>^5l'n
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) KYB3n85 1
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) GYIQ[#'d7
He no less than John is interested in literature. jWxa
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7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) T<7}IH$6xE
Either my father or my brothers are coming. mD +9/O!
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 |n,O!29
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. g=4P-i3
真题剖析 Om: Gun\%
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. >^9j>< Z
53. A. none u SZfim@Z7
B. few v8E:6 4
C. any M Je/ \
D. some =u9e5n
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 r\b$/:y<e
全部倒装
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1. “There (Here) +be+主语” <]S
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There stand big buildings in this district. T[},6I|!
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. E?K(MT&@
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) _pS)bx w
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. E(S$Q^
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