（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 ,+q5e^P
1. 充当句子的状语。 hTy#Q .=
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。
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3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 K_My4>~Il
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) MjL
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例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. '[A> eC++
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. iBc(
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c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). =XYfzR
真题剖析 9,9( mbWJv
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. l,d8% \
45. A. For }b0qrr
B. As #7g~U m%p
C. With "#p)Z{v"!
D. Because CE?R/uNo{
练习： "PlM{ZI\
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. @4&sL] (q
8. A. is #oc T4
B. having NcPzmW{#;g
C. being .2u %;)S
D. be tnTr &o#
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 v|`)~"~
虚拟语气(2) :qnRiK]
1. (should)+动词原形
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It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 3<Cd >o.
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 ?B[Z9Ef"8l
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 {9)LHX7dN
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 b@,w/Uw[*
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 RJGf@am&
would rather +动词过去式 ^D6 JckW
真题剖析 6g<JPc
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … $3FFb#r
47. A. do R*QL6t
B. did r Y c?y
C. don’t bk"` hq
D. didn’t :JPI#zZun
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. Prr
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53. A. ordered \ar.( J
B. pleaded r$*k-c9Bf
C. decided Fnr*.k
D. demanded G;, 2cu
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练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. >j\zj] -"
15. A. took {KODwP'~
B. would take @8Co5`CVl
C. will take 2)mKcUL-
D. should take CK.Z-_M
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. Is-Kz}4L
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) 0*h
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54.A. shall Nnx"b 5I}n
B.will jtl7t59R
C.would $] w&`
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D.should y
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（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 !sfUrUu
动名词、分词、不定式。 OHe<U8iu%
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) q}(UC1 |
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) {s 4:V=J
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 :* @=px
真题剖析 dZv-lMYBE
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. /ptIx e
60. A. dropped FWPkvL
B. to drop e>"{nOY4
C. dropping >|H=25N>;
D.drops b Kv 9 F@
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. O!uX:TE|Q
59. A. destructive G8eAj%88
B. dissatisfied fs7JA=?:
C. damaged Ca]vK'(
D. derivative naM4X @jl
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 A5B 5pJ
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 @(&ki~+
How you got there doesn’t concern me. nA5v+d-<T
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. "k5 C? ~
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 % e:VeP~
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. nBZqhtr
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 44($a9oa2
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 !9 OAMHa*9
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). x^9W<
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 h"M}Iz~|V?
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. Cm(Hu
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) 1&U' pp|T
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) 1,9RfY V
He no less than John is interested in literature. +2MsyA?6_
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) 6HFA2~A
Either my father or my brothers are coming. q1`uS^3`
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 <iv9Mg}
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. A&)P_B1|
真题剖析 i #iY;R8
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. h $4V5
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53. A. none cSoZq4
B. few Su-LZ'C\
C. any :.DCRs$Q
D. some "f3, w
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 _ n Oio ?
全部倒装 ZO
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1. “There (Here) +be+主语” Et# }XVCJ
There stand big buildings in this district. 6D/5vM1
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. (;V]3CtU*
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) 7Ja^d-F7
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. wF$8 #=
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