（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 ;58l _ue
1. 充当句子的状语。 G1vWHa7n;f
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 ! SD?
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 MV H^["AeR
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) |S ZRO,7x
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. W sQo+Ua
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. f$N
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c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). \q(RqD
真题剖析
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(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. uY,&lX+!
45. A. For I7nt <l!
B. As ~a4htj
C. With T c4N\Cy
D. Because k ;R*mg*K
练习： Ix^xL+Tm
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. r
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8. A. is lq}= &)%C
B. having PtCwr )B,
C. being v-3In\T=^
D. be n@mWB UM
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 #qGfo)
虚拟语气(2) h-=3 b
1. (should)+动词原形 ;WC]Lf<Z^
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 :se o0 w ]
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 =LL5E}xP
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 o> W H;EBL
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 G,e>dp_cPu
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 5*x
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would rather +动词过去式 ce\]o^4
真题剖析 &/d;4Eu
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . …
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47. A. do :D 8V*F6P
B. did mVg-z~44T
C. don’t r9sW:cM:e
D. didn’t !s0 6uh
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. nPj%EKdY4
53. A. ordered \Y_2Z /
B. pleaded ?~$0;5)QC
C. decided
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D. demanded -Mx"ox
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. cJd~UQ<k
15. A. took `9
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B. would take m!3b.2/h
C. will take [x
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D. should take 97lM*7h
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(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. "5"6mw?
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) Mo\LFxx>4{
54.A. shall 9>\P]:
B.will 4HQP,
C.would r63_|~JVB<
D.should `,gGmh
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 @d]I3?`
动名词、分词、不定式。 4nQk*:p(X
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) pXf!8X& y
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) +ntrp='7O7
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 w DswK "T
真题剖析 9 ?a-1
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. wNMg Y
60. A. dropped L1A0->t
B. to drop F(c~D0
C. dropping <
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D.drops px;5X4U
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. }6ObQa43
59. A. destructive S`HshYlE q
B. dissatisfied qu- !XC0p
C. damaged y^ 7;I-
D. derivative q$FwO"dC
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 VP[ -BK[
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 sk !92mQ
How you got there doesn’t concern me. n!=%MgF'*p
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. i(
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2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 Gh }k9-L
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. 09z%y[z
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 Ncr38~;w
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 PhBdm '
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). "{>I5<:t
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 4a3Xz,[(a
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. / *3[9,
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) #;FHyKx
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) /MFy%=0l
He no less than John is interested in literature. M`IiK+IoU
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) Hik8u!#P
Either my father or my brothers are coming. L4Ep7=
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 n';"c;Ye)
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. <L|eY(:
真题剖析 _22;hnG<iy
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. 0l-m:6
53. A. none }p-<+sFo
B. few MQ;c'?!5[!
C. any
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D. some 4T#B7wVoM
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 3& Dl n
全部倒装 YrAaL"20
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” c%1 <O!c
There stand big buildings in this district. =hE5 ?}EP+
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. {2kw*^,l
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) d"zbY\`
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. cgKK(-$ny
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