（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 *2 MTx
1. 充当句子的状语。 C=cTj7Ub
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 k
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3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 BxU1Q&
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) -`UlntEdZ:
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. dFFqs& c Q
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. cg%CYV)
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). Se`N5hQ
真题剖析 ^ym{DSx
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. WRyL
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45. A. For #O+] ydvT
B. As I >#ChV)(#
C. With ?< QFW#:)
D. Because Hrnq
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练习： I "2FTGA
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. f :5/y^ M&
8. A. is % U7f9
B. having 55b |zf
C. being e~;) -Z
D. be -RQQ|:O$
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 ;i :wY&
虚拟语气(2) #.YcIR)
1. (should)+动词原形 `kSCH; mwP
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 z{L;)U B^
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 0 _}89:-
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 ~HRWKPb
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 SVh4)}.x
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 ZMg9Q t
would rather +动词过去式 Aq'E:/
真题剖析 Sr 4 7u{n
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … '|N4fb
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47. A. do Jjh!/pWZ4
B. did G%jJ>T4
C. don’t Vzvw/17J
D. didn’t B^~Bv!tHWr
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. fZ:rz;tM
53. A. ordered aB6LAb2z;T
B. pleaded /~cL
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C. decided ]mo<qWRc>p
D. demanded n12c075
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. FXEfD"
15. A. took u
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B. would take k:)u7A +
C. will take L9?/ -@M
D. should take Rn_W|"
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. x&oBO{LNK,
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) (DP9
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54.A. shall D 4 ]B>
B.will +Z~!n
C.would a{Hb7&
D.should ?[1qC=[Z <
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 "mK i$FV
动名词、分词、不定式。 nC.2./OwMf
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) y
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发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) jo3}]KC !
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 A1t~&?
真题剖析 h 4.=sbzZ
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. SP?U@w%}
60. A. dropped [H:GKhPC`
B. to drop P WN'.HQ
C. dropping < R PoQ'.^
D.drops /`O ]etr`d
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. {+ 6D-rDw
59. A. destructive |~b R.IA
B. dissatisfied [kuVQ$)
C. damaged 1. 95 ^8
D. derivative ZecvjbnVY
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 Z
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1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 [&pW&>p3
How you got there doesn’t concern me. oS#'u 1k
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. H&=n:'k^
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 ta4JWllf
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. 0 oj{e9h
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 h#m:Y~GoF
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 .Y(lB=pV
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). << ; HY}s
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 ] Q4PbW
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. bKuj
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If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) jH&_E'XMX
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) z{@R .'BD
He no less than John is interested in literature. 09 39i_
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) gM3]%L_
Either my father or my brothers are coming. fzS`dL5,W
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 GjeUUmr
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. 2sqm7th
真题剖析 )>y
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(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. v.
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53. A. none \+iu@C
B. few rps(Jos _~
C. any )_77>f%
D. some h@~:(:zU$
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 T0`"kjE
全部倒装 .73zik
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” I( ]BM
Mj
There stand big buildings in this district. sn-)(XU!
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. mG831v ?
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) [dj5 $l|
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. PMgQxM*h
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