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主题 : 2016考博英语语法详解汇总
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楼主  发表于: 2015-10-30   

2016考博英语语法详解汇总

(一)考博英语语法:独立主格       #g#vDR!  
  1. 充当句子的状语。 gPSUxE `O.  
  2. 有自己的主语,同句子的主语不一致。 g{.>nE^Sc5  
  3. 名词(代词,形容词,副词,介词)+ 分词 r Lg(J|^  
  4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) Nwr.mtvh  
  例:a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. {>H#/I8si  
  b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. 7g[m,48{  
  c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). }zY)H9J~  
  真题剖析 K{.s{;#  
  (1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are  46  of the material which would 47 feed them. bW(+Aw=O  
  45. A. For X,: pT\G  
  B. As C)~YWx@v  
  C. With `zGK$,[%  
  D. Because ^m;dEe&@F  
  练习: M lgE-Lm  
  Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. {_0Efc=7  
  8. A. is 1mhX3  
  B. having A%> Ir`I  
  C. being ?BT\)@ h  
  D. be /e1m1B  
  (二)考博英语语法:虚拟语气 )X@Obg  
  虚拟语气(2) @[#U_T- I  
  1. (should)+动词原形 5 WSu  
  It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 -}`ES]  
  It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 u 'DM?mV:-  
  It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 #t:]a<3Y2  
  部分名词/动词(表示建议,劝告,决定等) +that从句 xB_F?d40T5  
  2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 &sR=N60n  
  would rather +动词过去式 |-4C[5rM  
  真题剖析 lc>)7UF  
  (1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … @P#uH5U  
  47. A. do .yE!,^j.gB  
  B. did yn<H^c  
  C. don’t 8:;_MBt  
  D. didn’t $gT+Ue|7  
  (1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they  53 that the professor be sent home. ztf VXmi'  
  53. A. ordered 9PjL 4A  
  B. pleaded WJ=DTON  
  C. decided fN~kd m.  
  D. demanded H1_XEcaM+*  
  练习:Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that   we__15__ this message to heart. DrLNY"Zq  
  15. A. took @'L /]  
  B. would take r7Bv?M^!  
  C. will take U^vQr %ha  
  D. should take eT1b88_  
  (2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. "<ow;ciJF  
  (even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) 0#4_vg .  
  54.A. shall ]'V8{l  
  B.will o6sL~ *hQ  
  C.would \]GO*]CaV  
  D.should u':-DgK  
  (三)考博英语语法:非谓语动词 ozH7c_ <  
  动名词、分词、不定式。 O%5cMz?eU  
  主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) 'EU{%\qM  
  发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) HmKvu"3  
  To在什么情况下作介词,什么情况下作不定式引导词。 L,!?'.*/]  
  真题剖析 H|;6K`O_  
  (2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. zy`4]w$Lj+  
  60. A. dropped \DBoe :0~  
  B. to drop ^;+lsEW  
  C. dropping mN +~fu h  
  D.drops %Q5D#d"p`  
  (2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining   relationships, from developing in human ways. i@e.Uzn  
  59. A. destructive =o;QvOS;  
  B. dissatisfied /+4Dq4{ t)  
  C. damaged rg+28tlDn  
  D. derivative I8HUH* |)n  
  (四)考博英语语法:主谓一致 q# gZ\V$I  
  1. 整体及抽象概念作主语,谓语通常用单数形式。 `%;n HQ"  
  How you got there doesn’t concern me. Nge_ Ks  
  Growing vegetables needs constant watering. f^]( D'L?D  
  2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语,谓语多用单数。 cd{3JGg B  
  Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. :}x\&]uC#k  
  3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等),谓语通常用单数形式。 ONJW*!(  
  4. “分数或百分数+主语”,谓语跟主语保持一致。 N%;Q[*d@/  
  Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). x={t}qDS8  
  5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语,谓语用单数。 @iB**zR/  
  Everyone knows that you’ve come here. GJWC}$#T Y  
  If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.  (--thing 的情况例外) eHK}U+"\  
  6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) Tj0eW(<!s  
  He no less than John is interested in literature. 5*g@;aR1  
  7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) b@1QE  
  Either my father or my brothers are coming. 8> pFpS  
  8. each,every,many a, no …+主语,谓语用单数。 OFRzzG@  
  Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. lS?f?n^  
  真题剖析 )QBsyN<x6  
  (2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. Y#]Y$n  
  53. A. none r{%NMj  
  B. few KL5rF,DME  
  C. any }a<MVG:>SF  
  D. some WM@uxe,  
  (五)考博英语语法:倒装 Jr''S}@|x  
  全部倒装 zv0RrF^  
  1. “There (Here) +be+主语” `M7){  
  There stand big buildings in this district. ~MhPzu&B  
  Here on the desk lies a pile of books. ^<% w'*gR  
  2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆,如it blew up.) k*M{?4  
  In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. n53} 79Uiz  
![vc/wuf  
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