（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 \V~eVf;~
1. 充当句子的状语。 5e^ChK0Q
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 wJo}!{bN
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 8wF J4v3
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) Fk7')?
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. aeM+ d`f
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. ?NsW|w_
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). E*K;H8}s
真题剖析 zHRplm+ i
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. } |NCboM^_
45. A. For e6$W Qd`O
B. As \Uq(Zga4)
C. With I,vJbvvl!
D. Because ~=l;=7 T
练习： {_p_%;
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. -x`@6
8. A. is ;iL#7NG-R
B. having S;#'M![8
C. being je=a/Y=%U{
D. be BpP y&
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 fJ! R6D
虚拟语气(2) i$ 6ypuc
1. (should)+动词原形 _F|Ek ;y%
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 GH$ pKB
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 =MDy s b&:
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 ope^~+c~\
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 x7<K<k;s
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 @Z:l62l=bE
would rather +动词过去式 m tcw#D
真题剖析 _g"<UV*H
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … 5MJS
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47. A. do Ry6@VQ"NLb
B. did [2 M'PT3
C. don’t uiR8,H9*M
D. didn’t t&e{_|i#+
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. z 1X` o
53. A. ordered D_zZXb Nc
B. pleaded hf&9uHN%7m
C. decided iSs:oH3l
D. demanded /R wjCUf
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. G2:
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15. A. took _u QOHwn
B. would take O)r4?<Q
C. will take sdw(R#GE
D. should take Se =`N
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. %6f* {G
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(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) j/?kL{B
54.A. shall fVpMx4&F
B.will g e8ZsaiU
C.would _
E.> `Q
D.should ln
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（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 }:)&u|d_
动名词、分词、不定式。 gc$l^`+M
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) JDT`C2-Q
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) aAUvlb
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 %n9aaoD
真题剖析 >pe.oxY
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. $1`2 kM5
60. A. dropped
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B. to drop * gWwALGo5
C. dropping ?gGHj-HYJ
D.drops _.8S&
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. 8bld3 p"^
59. A. destructive P/_['7
B. dissatisfied brUF6rQ
C. damaged II,8O
D. derivative {R `[kt
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 EXqE ~afm2
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 e$ rZ 5X
How you got there doesn’t concern me. t"oeQ*d%
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. 8
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2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 e+fN6v5pU
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on.
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3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 ab?aQ*$+
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 }Jj}%XxKs
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). K [zVa
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 Pa: |_IXA
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. e$Pj. >-<=
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) +ami?#Sz*;
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) [ub e6
He no less than John is interested in literature. \:LW(&[!
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) 5]:U9ts#
Either my father or my brothers are coming. JNnDts*w
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 e~"U @8xk~
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. 19%i mf
真题剖析 0?|<I{z2
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. Z6MO^_m2
53. A. none 44j*KsBf
B. few 1<aP92 /N&
C. any &s!@29DXR
D. some Xne1gms
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 BDQsP$'6QT
全部倒装 +D*Z _Yh6
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” }4X0epPp;:
There stand big buildings in this district. rEz^
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. +R75v )
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) +R:(_:7
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. EU Fa5C:
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