（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 aZH:#lUlj
1. 充当句子的状语。 W\>fh& !)
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 b:U$x20n$
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 R4[N:~Z$|
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) S(k3 `;K
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. 6Pz4\uE=
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. B al`y
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). zG }@0
真题剖析 "H=6j)Cb
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. '*Z1tDFS
45. A. For *^\Ef4Lh
B. As A` N,
C. With e vya7^,F
D. Because eVEV}`X
练习： G'nmllB`]
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. fIM, lt
8. A. is
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B. having 0!D4pvlt
C. being '%>=ZhO
D. be 2_)\a(.Qu
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 >R|/M`<ph
虚拟语气(2) bAdn &
1. (should)+动词原形 {5A2&
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 oxr#7Ei0d
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 uY0lR:|
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句
] yV !
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 c& < Fr[AK
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 Nxf OF
would rather +动词过去式 u+dLaVlLJ
真题剖析 k3~}7]O)
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … V#v`(j%
47. A. do c7 ? _46 J
B. did {GvJZ!,RCg
C. don’t 7 G)ZN{'
D. didn’t _ "E$ v&_
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. MlcR"gl*
53. A. ordered =NpYFKmMhV
B. pleaded z Eq GD2"
C. decided \1d ( 9j R
D. demanded =pr ` '
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. AW%50V
15. A. took %W 'v} p
B. would take RPwbTAl}
C. will take 0;hqIJcE:\
D. should take dMPc:tJT
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. B{/R: Hm
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) Mo y <@+
54.A. shall r`=+ L-!
B.will \@Ts+7%
C.would Ac96
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D.should q6@Lp^f
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 }\hVy(\c
动名词、分词、不定式。 EH$1fv
E
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) =FlDb
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发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) [I0:=yJ+
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 67VL@ ]
真题剖析 s0\X ^
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. E8!e:l
=Q
60. A. dropped ;i8g41qjF
B. to drop Bu#E9hJFvA
C. dropping >d *iD
D.drops +Um( h-;
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. pyH:#5
59. A. destructive ?*2CpM&l
B. dissatisfied T,7Y7c/3V
C. damaged D~biKrg?=
D. derivative pN!}U
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（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 00'%EYO
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 R_(tj kT
How you got there doesn’t concern me. 2
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Growing vegetables needs constant watering. qT ,Te
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 4h~iPn'Wl
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. g@rb
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 F
FV `P
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 RwKdxK+;
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water).
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5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 6tB +J F
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. n\QgOSr<
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) OPwtV9%
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) ao%NK<Lt
He no less than John is interested in literature. 9`wZz~hL"
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) w0 ht
Either my father or my brothers are coming. #EO9UW5
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 p rYs
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Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. LISM ngQ.
真题剖析 }&/o'w2wY
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. ;fsZ7k4]do
53. A. none K17j$o^6KK
B. few p qfUW+>
C. any O?)3VT*
D. some IHe/ xQ@
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 q
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全部倒装 (}a8"]Z
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” gGr^@=;YC
There stand big buildings in this district. 0TCBQ~ "
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. 1xD=ffM>8N
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) "^4_@ oo
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. s}j{#xT
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