（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 1 @z@
1. 充当句子的状语。 K /d & c]
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 S!!\!w>N
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 V;]V wsZ"
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) } ZV
v
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. ~(L + 4]
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. L=w Fo^N
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). =}GyI_br;8
真题剖析 (0m$W<
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. e.ym7L]$O
45. A. For ',s7h"
B. As PjZvLK@a9)
C. With /~huTKA }
D. Because \bA'Furp
练习： $ <e .]`R
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. #&KE_ n
8. A. is X&oy.Roo
B. having $v@$ oPmMj
C. being Q09~vFBg
D. be H>X1(sh#}
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 XXmu|h
虚拟语气(2) V goKi
1. (should)+动词原形 > ,vW
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 x)Kh _
G
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 T
FNU+
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 7$P(1D4
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 `|?$; )
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 \J&#C(pn
would rather +动词过去式 b+apN ph
真题剖析 MtTHKp
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … &-Er n/[
47. A. do I VODR
B. did -vAG5x/ ,
C. don’t >8t[EsW/
D. didn’t c}s 3c
>`d
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. [N+ru c?)
53. A. ordered BTtYlpN6
B. pleaded RW8u0 ?b
C. decided Ps4A
B#3
D. demanded *X5LyO3-gP
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. aJ;R8(*;\
15. A. took O4mWsr
B. would take {z
~
'
C. will take !`E 2O*g
D. should take NH6!|T
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. ,{t!->K
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) 1&E&8In]$r
54.A. shall f\w4F'^tj
B.will XaSl6 CH
C.would 3e1"5~?'<
D.should Gl1$W=pR:
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 hV>Ey^Ty
动名词、分词、不定式。 C,. {y`s'
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) FQ^uX]<3j
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) lph_cY3p
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 H[U* '
2TJ
真题剖析 3E: <
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. H-lRgJdc
60. A. dropped 0C_Qp% Z
B. to drop %)]RM/e8
C. dropping |V ]E8Qt
D.drops JOk`emle
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. (>23[;.0
59. A. destructive ST.W{:X
B. dissatisfied b2H6}s"=w
C. damaged euK!JZ
D. derivative cd#TKmh7re
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 #UIg<:
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 "zc!QHpSd
How you got there doesn’t concern me. {D8 IA3w
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. g?wogCs5
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 (re D
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. z /=v@@tj
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 zwS' AN'A
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 M"V@>E\L
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). b%F*N r
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 suwj1qYJ4
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. `{" :*V
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) WM
g^W (
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) b04~z&Xv
He no less than John is interested in literature. {iv=KF_S_
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等)
n:+M Nr
Either my father or my brothers are coming. 60Z)AQs;+J
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 s_N!6$tS
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. ,MJZ*"V/3
真题剖析 6S
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(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. -e ya$ C
53. A. none =}[V69a
B. few h) rHf3:
C. any o0q{:An_Z
D. some C~B
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（五）考博英语语法：倒装 dxA=gL2
全部倒装 =uH`Ek Y :
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” s`{O
-
There stand big buildings in this district. V2*b f`/V
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. C>H U G
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) AjpQb ~\
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. lUr chLoDt
#q-t!C%E
