（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 7Jn%XxHq
1. 充当句子的状语。 rqamBm 5
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 7V"? o
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 yYCS-rF>
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) mf r aw2H
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. !nBbt?*
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. )4g_S ?l=
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). KdEvu?
真题剖析 z$1RD)TQB
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. xs"i_se
45. A. For Yk Ku4f
B. As I{IB> j}8
C. With `^)`J
D. Because _^ <vp
练习： DG TLlBkT
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. 7P {= Pv+
8. A. is V;SfW2`)
B. having v `S5[{6
C. being I go`\ JY
D. be ~^F]t$rz
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 Pp?P9s {
虚拟语气(2) KMhrw s{&B
1. (should)+动词原形 aCU[9Xr?
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 -h8mJ D%Oi
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 fk}Raej g
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 k=)U
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 eu(Fhs
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 <$nPGz)}
would rather +动词过去式
d!I%AlV
真题剖析 i@/% E~ W
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … I"]E }n d)
47. A. do HS=w9:,
B. did h%j4(v}r{C
C. don’t HG7Qdw2+O
D. didn’t Zl5DlRuw
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. IR/S`HD_
53. A. ordered e i2?H;H;
B. pleaded 2?,l r2
C. decided J.~@j;[2
D. demanded "|6(.S+o
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. 8mr fs%_
15. A. took ZPf&4#|
B. would take W@}@5,}f>
C. will take + aL6
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D. should take I85wP}c(
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. 3\2&?VAjR
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) y95
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54.A. shall
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B.will Xp;'Wa"@
C.would ,5 ,r .
D.should wgSFL6Ei
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 eI|FrBq%
动名词、分词、不定式。 D*L@I@
[
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) ;zqxDl _
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) ycN! N
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 ''2:ZX X
真题剖析 G>dXK,f<B0
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. ^cd bM
60. A. dropped Lh+7z>1
B. to drop h<IAH Cz;(
C. dropping dsEvpa$?
D.drops xqT} 9,
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. 6\h*SBI?(
59. A. destructive 0>Kgz!I
B. dissatisfied wKW. sZ!S1
C. damaged k H06Cb
D. derivative *<9M|H~
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 mv<cyW
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1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 M7DoAS{6e
How you got there doesn’t concern me. vSQB~Vw8 t
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. 5 =s|uuw/
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 Y(JZP\Tf_N
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. & Ai +t2
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 SM}&
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4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 j"0TAYmXwu
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). =+e;BYD#!
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 `=TJ w,q
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. h#h )=;
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) Ob'[W;p)[w
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) ?.I1"C,#VJ
He no less than John is interested in literature. 5N>L|J2
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) t-FrF </ 0
Either my father or my brothers are coming. ZYl*-i&~?
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 o`jV d,aj
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. !O,`Z`T?
真题剖析 E-rGOm" m
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. r2;+ACwWf_
53. A. none Jpe\
B. few ~RM_c
C. any [ MM`#!K%
D. some JOq&(AZe
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 9H%L;C5<
全部倒装 5DeAH ;
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” p\|*ff0
There stand big buildings in this district. {Pi ]i?
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. ;x=0+0JD
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) JLxAk14lc
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. 9r,7>#IF
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