（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 > f !
1. 充当句子的状语。 vz~QR i*
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 <8'-azpJ6<
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 R cz;|
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4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) F5Xj}`}bq
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. |z5`h
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. %GY U$aA
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). 8}Qmhm`_j=
真题剖析 V>Zw" #Q
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. LH" CIL2
45. A. For |KC!6<}T~9
B. As U^x
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C. With E\X:VQ9
D. Because w7; ,+Jq
练习： v&8%t 7|
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. pc=f,
8. A. is &* Aems{-
B. having g aq"+@fH
C. being ?FRuuAS
D. be ^e 1Ux
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 6UXDIg=
虚拟语气(2) '0\v[f{K3G
1. (should)+动词原形 o~(/Twxam
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 ?Tr]zxtd
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 BwpSw\\?@
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 "6<L)
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部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 |_Tp:][mf
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 n@`:"j%s_
would rather +动词过去式 p;Lp-9H\33
真题剖析 [
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(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . …
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47. A. do $r'PYGn
B. did 8(b
C.
C. don’t d<@SRHP(
D. didn’t l, [c
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(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. zIeJ[J@
53. A. ordered 2j UEL=+Y
B. pleaded \?VNr2
C. decided s [}4Q|s%
D. demanded :|V`QM
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. ?uBZ"^'
15. A. took ?##3E,
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B. would take I=DvP;!
C. will take .Z0$KQ'iy
D. should take 'Wv`^{y <^
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. AB1.l
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(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) {+SshT>J
54.A. shall l[
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B.will jMP!/t
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C.would !SxZN d v
D.should Ne=o+ $.(
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 RaBq@r*(
动名词、分词、不定式。 bFv,.(h'
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) ;G=:>m~
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) 7F;dLd'
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 97]$*&fH
真题剖析 Shm $>\~=
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. iYE7BUH=
60. A. dropped p T ;{05
B. to drop
5'mp d
C. dropping *}n)KK7aT
D.drops )dMXn2O
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. (X(296< ;
59. A. destructive DJu&l
B. dissatisfied t]QGyW A]
C. damaged l|Z<p
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D. derivative \dG#hH4ZD
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 [tP6FdS/M=
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 `
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How you got there doesn’t concern me. )HFl 0[vT
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. cfg_xrW0^
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 !6 k{]v
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. \!_:<"nX.
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 vA(')"DDT
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 ] SErM#$*
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). POouO/r$
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 S[_Hc$7U
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. * Y hX6J1
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) /JOEnQ5X\!
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) pK
M5<1J
He no less than John is interested in literature. 2yFXX9!@
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) HKr6h?Si^
Either my father or my brothers are coming. F> F&+63Q-
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 Q>FuNdUk
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. mB:I8g7
真题剖析 !7 :~ "kk
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. jx=2^A/i2-
53. A. none [}/\W `C
B. few &UWSf
C. any _a"\g9{%*
D. some NINaOs
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 [y>;[K
全部倒装 d45JT?qg&
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” A3 UC=z<y
There stand big buildings in this district. hb>,\46}
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. |7jUf$Q\p
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) !5~{ ?sr>
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. ]< 0|" NL
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