（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 P /f ~
1. 充当句子的状语。 ~gzpX,{ n
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。
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3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 >.k@!*
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) c'wU O 3S
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. +Fkx")
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. #h5Hi9LKf
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). BZ'y}Zu*
真题剖析 se*pkgWbz
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. :67d>wb
45. A. For 9g^./k\8%
B. As F4aJr%!\6S
C. With !&`7
D. Because jy)9EU=
练习： 1<Ztk;$A
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. [wpt[zG
8. A. is enfu%"(K)
B. having 5xn0U5U
C. being 1>O0 Iu
D. be CBgFB-!qpe
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 5x L,~"
虚拟语气(2) CB7R{~
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1. (should)+动词原形 ^/RM;`h0
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 Yhv`IV-s
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 w]}cB+C+l#
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 E(K$|k_>
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 3kzG L
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 ,C1 2SM*@
would rather +动词过去式 0BU:(o&
真题剖析 CI ]U)@\U
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … w}KcLaI
47. A. do {&A
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B. did iF2IR {h
C. don’t s_e#y{ {C2
D. didn’t <P)% Ms
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. ,2L,>?r6
53. A. ordered ri.|EmH2:D
B. pleaded Y&Nv>o_}5
C. decided ~d1RD
D. demanded 9"v ox
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. ^rZ+H@p:6
15. A. took kys-~&@+
B. would take *h8XbBZH
C. will take cN(QTbyl6Q
D. should take Gl\RAmdc
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. S6Xw+W02
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) w@D@,q'x
54.A. shall -^%"w
B.will ]5M
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C.would .oOt(K +
D.should |[t=.dK%
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 ]-]@=qYu
动名词、分词、不定式。 HCCp<2D"C
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) Nr7.BDA
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) R1rfp;
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 `9)2nkJk'z
真题剖析 , 0ja _
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. 3m9 E2R,
60. A. dropped ) x $Vy=
B. to drop U/l ra&P
C. dropping 745PCC'FK
D.drops S5p\J!k\B
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. N>iCb:_
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59. A. destructive m$j;FKz+|
B. dissatisfied T+( A7Qrx%
C. damaged S QvB)N Ow
D. derivative ?XrTZ{5'
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 rI$10R$+H
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 Y)5}bmL
How you got there doesn’t concern me. (S{c*"}2
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. LB0=V0|
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 7guxkN#
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. !y0
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3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 ~Dh}E9E:
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 Ee| y[ y,
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). bsDUFX
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5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 )8PL7P84
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. ywBo9|%T
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) M6n.uho/
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) * GnO&&m'B
He no less than John is interested in literature. Ue%5
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7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) U{m:{'np(H
Either my father or my brothers are coming. x Jlq2cK
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 }x-8@9S~z
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. ; #
真题剖析 4Yk (ldR~
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. -JkO[ IF
53. A. none ^h
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B. few C\K--
C. any tc Z~T
D. some qlP=Y .H
（五）考博英语语法：倒装
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全部倒装 Fh ;(1X75I
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” nz+KA\iW
There stand big buildings in this district. 9 R1]2U $|
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. X88Zd M'
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) 4)z](e$
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. D c2 eY.
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