（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 lobGj8uxq
1. 充当句子的状语。 C~N/A73gF
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 '
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3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 YH%'t=
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4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) Y<Xz
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例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. xg NJ eQ
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. ;ml)l~~YU
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). bVL9vNK
真题剖析 L}}y'^(
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. nM-h&na{s
45. A. For _-9@q e
B. As hvuIxqv !y
C. With `KK>~T_$J
D. Because z [cyA.
练习： v}tag#f5>?
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. nD)K}4
8. A. is 8 XICF
B. having VsN pHQG]
C. being h~ p >re
D. be tX@_fYb
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 { .De4]ANh
虚拟语气(2) |R56 ho5C
1. (should)+动词原形 +\|Iu;w
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 F@* +{1R
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 ^B@Wp
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 c{&*w")J
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 ~-dV^SO
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 m^#rB`0;L
would rather +动词过去式 `8I&7c
真题剖析 {O
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(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … El o Me~a3
47. A. do x#Q>J "g
B. did H. W E6
C. don’t :pF_GkG
D. didn’t h?
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(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. Pf_S[
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53. A. ordered y8 KX<2s1
B. pleaded ?qX)ihe%k
C. decided V~hlq$jn<Y
D. demanded PmR~ c,
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. *$"gaXI
15. A. took jC3Vbm&ZZ
B. would take 6}(J6T46M[
C. will take }-> .k/vc
D. should take E%'~'[Q
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. d)[;e()
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) x+h~gckLb
54.A. shall tU^kQR!
B.will 5hbJOo0B Z
C.would )
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D.should A#W?2k9
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 UDe |Sb
动名词、分词、不定式。 7-~Q5Kr.
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) -\y-qHgb/
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) 'r@:Cz3e*I
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 $%%os6y2v
真题剖析 7nVRn9Hn
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. c=;:R0_'t
60. A. dropped %"X-&1vV
B. to drop ~fa(= .h
C. dropping K YkS9_y F
D.drops Pa^A$fy\
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. 1TM~*<Jb
59. A. destructive zi'Jr)n
B. dissatisfied YxGcFjJ
C. damaged MzYavg`
D. derivative "0EA;S8$8
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 ]O
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1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 TS"D]Txs
How you got there doesn’t concern me. @[ 6,6:h|
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. M('d-Q{B7L
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 ^#):c`
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. ,WQ^tI=O
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 >m'x8x B=
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 Pz_NDI
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). $ >R(W=Q
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 hKlZ
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Everyone knows that you’ve come here. Ao7 `G':
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) + zkm(
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) y\F=ui
He no less than John is interested in literature. ;50_0Mv;(:
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) nd{R
9B
Either my father or my brothers are coming. v8I{XU@%
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 '+*-s7o{
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. S)A'Y]2X
真题剖析 lM# A3/=K
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. oh#>
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53. A. none =Z
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B. few `!G7k
C. any C2<CWPn<
D. some fMeZ]rb
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 0ZC,BS`D^
全部倒装 {BO|u{C
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” b>~RSO*
There stand big buildings in this district. BN@,/m9OQ%
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. m]IysyFFK
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) _a+ICqR
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. c-5jYwV
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