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主题 : 2016考博英语语法详解汇总
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楼主  发表于: 2015-10-30   

2016考博英语语法详解汇总

(一)考博英语语法:独立主格       >'e B2  
  1. 充当句子的状语。 nt drXg  
  2. 有自己的主语,同句子的主语不一致。 YW'{|9KnI  
  3. 名词(代词,形容词,副词,介词)+ 分词 ? 7/W>  
  4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) G(:s-x ig6  
  例:a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. KbXbT  
  b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. $*YC7f  
  c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). wT B)v!  
  真题剖析 RP,A!pa@  
  (1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are  46  of the material which would 47 feed them. gTqeJWX9wP  
  45. A. For P{"  WlJ  
  B. As VV?]U$  
  C. With /_ $~rW  
  D. Because \d `dV0X  
  练习: AF6d#Klog  
  Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. BO?mQu~  
  8. A. is fndK/~?]H  
  B. having t)\D  
  C. being 8T8pAs0 p  
  D. be 8FxcI!A@  
  (二)考博英语语法:虚拟语气 @PT`CK}  
  虚拟语气(2) cYZwWMzp  
  1. (should)+动词原形 \K u9"x  
  It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 :hC {5!|  
  It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 1 ;_{US5FR  
  It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 jf$JaY  
  部分名词/动词(表示建议,劝告,决定等) +that从句 g2 +l@$W  
  2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 :*mA,2s  
  would rather +动词过去式 _ff =B  
  真题剖析 ]NaMZ  
  (1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … X)`(nj  
  47. A. do s,eld@  
  B. did DePV,.  
  C. don’t ddUjs8VvJ  
  D. didn’t {toyQ)C7  
  (1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they  53 that the professor be sent home. Ybs=W< -  
  53. A. ordered vDu0  
  B. pleaded 1$='`@8I  
  C. decided o~i]W.SI(  
  D. demanded 5?V?  
  练习:Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that   we__15__ this message to heart. Z]mM  
  15. A. took l%sp[uqcg  
  B. would take GN htnB  
  C. will take 6 . +[ z  
  D. should take n:5O9,umZ  
  (2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. HI"!n$p  
  (even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) |QAeQWP+1  
  54.A. shall 2a._?(k_y  
  B.will 9#Aipu\  
  C.would s T :tFK\  
  D.should b'Fx),  
  (三)考博英语语法:非谓语动词 br34Eh  
  动名词、分词、不定式。 "oE^R?m  
  主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) +E q~X=x  
  发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) WuP([8  
  To在什么情况下作介词,什么情况下作不定式引导词。 t6<sNz F&  
  真题剖析 1K? & J2  
  (2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. ? BHWzo!  
  60. A. dropped . yK\&q[<  
  B. to drop |l6<GWG+  
  C. dropping jM3Y|}+  
  D.drops |g?/~%7  
  (2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining   relationships, from developing in human ways. Kh:#S|   
  59. A. destructive e\d5SKY  
  B. dissatisfied we:5gK &  
  C. damaged /+<%,c$n  
  D. derivative c5B_WqjJ  
  (四)考博英语语法:主谓一致 ,IT)zCpaBP  
  1. 整体及抽象概念作主语,谓语通常用单数形式。 8aZey_Hw;+  
  How you got there doesn’t concern me. Y6;0khp  
  Growing vegetables needs constant watering. ~x0-iBF  
  2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语,谓语多用单数。 l# !@{ <  
  Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. +]S;U&vQ  
  3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等),谓语通常用单数形式。 F)E7(Un`8  
  4. “分数或百分数+主语”,谓语跟主语保持一致。 H%01&u  
  Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). nIT^'  
  5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语,谓语用单数。 4ye`;hXy  
  Everyone knows that you’ve come here. ](9{}DHV  
  If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.  (--thing 的情况例外) qh)!|B  
  6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) cT>z  
  He no less than John is interested in literature. }<\65 B$1  
  7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) ?2<6#>(7a  
  Either my father or my brothers are coming. <_sT]?N #  
  8. each,every,many a, no …+主语,谓语用单数。 k9_VhR|!  
  Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. #a'x)$2;R|  
  真题剖析 Z z; <P  
  (2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. W &0@&U  
  53. A. none jC/JiI  
  B. few {ck  
  C. any L yA(.  
  D. some S)'q :`tZo  
  (五)考博英语语法:倒装 e}Af"LI  
  全部倒装 $MJDB  
  1. “There (Here) +be+主语” 1[gjb((  
  There stand big buildings in this district. h-_0 A]  
  Here on the desk lies a pile of books. 2`FsG/o\T~  
  2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆,如it blew up.) P"PeL B9K  
  In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. <1g1hqK3  
/"%IhX-  
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