（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 N5c
sq(
1. 充当句子的状语。 #wbaRx@rc
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 t*y4)I !gR
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 ;Avd$&::
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) wA)
NB
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. BIDmZU9tL
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. -vwkvNn8
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). u].=b$wHHM
真题剖析 C*Z
gjFvB
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. fG;)wQJ
45. A. For Hkg^
B. As -N ^}1^gA
C. With P1 =bbMk
D. Because 6 + ^ V
练习： I>bLgt]u3
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. uNl<= 1
8. A. is UB&ofO
B. having 8<0H(lj7_
C. being -
4' yp
D. be *y5d
&4G2
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 RZjTUMAz4
虚拟语气(2) kR7IZo" q
1. (should)+动词原形 J*U,kyYF
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 ]x:>~0/L
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 kGc;j8>."
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 +Nv&Qu%
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 )AXTi4MNp
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 W:4]-i?2
would rather +动词过去式 p+snBaAo}
真题剖析 S"CsY2;
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … 8U
wL%"?YB
47. A. do f";70}_
B. did u Y V=
C. don’t w:r 0>
D. didn’t #E5Sc \,
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. <' v?WV_
53. A. ordered #AyM!
B. pleaded {[hV ['Awv
C. decided Os*,@N3 t
D. demanded ^> .?k h9z
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. "%D+_Yb'X
15. A. took VeA;zq
B. would take 7Nh 6 `
C. will take W |G(x8
D. should take .oO_x>
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. p !AQ
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) 2etcSU(y>
54.A. shall AVOqW0Z+y
B.will "6Nma)8
C.would }pu2/44=W
D.should Fq&@dxN3
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 PD|I3qv~
动名词、分词、不定式。 J}i$ny_3OB
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) }z,4IHNn
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) $A7[?Ai ?
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 Xleoh2&M
真题剖析 TiCp2Rsz
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. . 7g^w+W
60. A. dropped r@e_cD]
M
B. to drop #8R\J[9
C. dropping _ Eq:Qbw#
D.drops |C=^:@}ri?
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. qX0IHe
59. A. destructive 3`n5[RV
B. dissatisfied WWrD r
C. damaged :&2RV_$>=
D. derivative QP7EP aW
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 }qc [ysDK]
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。
:?@d\c '
How you got there doesn’t concern me. VpWax]'
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. ;T"}dJel#
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 za<Ja=f9X
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. vo!:uvy;2
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 @-kzS m
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 +m:U9K(\h
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). 5
|r3i \
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 P;MS
%32
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. iWCN2om
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) mX z-#Go (
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) x\3 ` W
He no less than John is interested in literature. BG-uKJ
^
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) #MHn J
Either my father or my brothers are coming. _AI2\ e
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 Q7"KgqpQ3
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. ItYG9a
真题剖析 +3s i=x\=/
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. z.e%AcX
53. A. none &^ =t%A%#
B. few xfkG&
&
C. any 'bY^=9&|
D. some #mk#&i3"k
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 Te$/[
`<U
全部倒装 lH:TE=|4
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” .N_0rPO,Kw
There stand big buildings in this district. w]tv< U={
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. HQt=.#GW
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) H$(%FWzQ%
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. (z ;=3S
2?Q IK3"v
