2016考博英语语法详解汇总

（一）考博英语语法：独立主格    　　 kbYeV_OwM  
　　1. 充当句子的状语。 F30 ]  
　　2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 "X04mQn15  
　　3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 X8i(~ B  
　　4.　With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) 1svi8wh  
　　例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. 6.5wZN9<|  
　　b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. g JjN<&,  
　　c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). _OMpIdY,R*  
　　真题剖析 Z o=]dBp.  
　　(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are　 46　 of the material which would　47　feed them. 6?qDdVR~]  
　　45. A. For s =Umj'1k  
　　B. As KL
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　　C. With t9^A(Vh"-  
　　D. Because cK@jmGj+  
　　练习： I7n3xN&4"  
　　Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. #Yuvbb[  
　　8. A. is kM/Te{<  
　　B. having @F~LW6K  
　　C. being 5GQLd  
　　D. be a.@qGsIH  
　　（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 ~+G#n"Pn  
　　虚拟语气(2) uH@FU60  
　　1. (should)+动词原形 (;_FIUz0  
　　It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 ;sPoUn s'  
　　It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 
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　　It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 5fJ[}~  
　　部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 K_/zuTy  
　　2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式  \ %=9  
　　would rather +动词过去式 ORN6vX(1  
　　真题剖析 *sw7niw  
　　(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I　47　say that teaching is hard work . … o%E;3l  
　　47. A. do nH|,T%  
　　B. did ->^~KVh&  
　　C. don’t o Y}]UB>  
　　D. didn’t BYrZEVM9  
　　(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration　52 , and they　　53　that the professor be sent home. I6!5Yj]O"  
　　53. A. ordered e({9]  
　　B. pleaded =sJ _yq0#R  
　　C. decided 3REx45M2  
　　D. demanded H9)m^*  
　　练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that 　　we__15__ this message to heart. }@1q @xU  
　　15. A. took )d\j I  
　　B. would take Ys+OB*8AE  
　　C. will take GNf482  
　　D. should take ;22l"-F  
　　(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing.
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　　(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) ._w8J"E5  
　　54.A. shall >_dx_<75&  
　　B.will T<3BT  
　　C.would =<r8fXWZ  
　　D.should \0l>q  ,  
　　（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 ).` S/F  
　　动名词、分词、不定式。 {rfF'@[  
　　主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) -oeL{9;  
　　发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) 99$ 5`R;  
　　To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 )#|<w9uec  
　　真题剖析 KrVcwAcq|1  
　　(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies　60　into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. _lzyMEdr  
　　60. A. dropped
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　　B. to drop IK,|5]*Ar  
　　C. dropping >Vy>O&r  
　　D.drops HEL!GC>#  
　　(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a　59　life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining 　　relationships, from developing in human ways. QB.J,o*XD4  
　　59. A. destructive dm-pxE "  
　　B. dissatisfied ;.xoN|Per  
　　C. damaged }X GEX:1K  
　　D. derivative q~CA0AR  
　　（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 08X_}97#WF  
　　1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 x
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　　How you got there doesn’t concern me. q-nSLE+_;  
　　Growing vegetables needs constant watering. hcVJBK  
　　2.　表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 f.24:Dw,  
　　Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. bjAnaya  
　　3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 >!_Xgw  
　　4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 988]}{w  
　　Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). 3=-4%%[M@  
　　5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 I^o!n5VM  
　　Everyone knows that you’ve come here. JS}{%(B  
　　If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.　　(--thing 的情况例外) s1|/S\
  
　　6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) 7'NwJ,$6\  
　　He no less than John is interested in literature. +[SgO}sF  
　　7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) eZ"
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　　Either my father or my brothers are coming. R/"x}B1d  
　　8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 AeAp0cbet  
　　Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. .z13 =yv  
　　真题剖析 [{C )LDN  
　　(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year,　54 of urbanization ever recorded. .9O$G2'oh  
　　53. A. none 9&RFO$WH  
　　B. few 1-RIN}CSd  
　　C. any vkLC-Mzm<  
　　D. some nx0K$Ptq  
　　（五）考博英语语法：倒装 t>8XTqqi  
　　全部倒装 1Bxmm#  
　　1. “There (Here) +be+主语” Y.^=]-n,  
　　There stand big buildings in this district. pLv$\MiZ  
　　Here on the desk lies a pile of books. 5q"ON)x  
　　2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) /c):}PJ^#7  
　　In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. vM_:&j_?``  
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