（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 X[h{g`
1. 充当句子的状语。 \LJ!X3TZ
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 MD$W;rk(Hn
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 =XQGg`8<LB
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) lfb+ )s
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. u\ 7Y
_`8
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. rPy,PQG2w
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). 8 !:2 :
真题剖析 sHPAr}14
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. k(Xs&f
`
45. A. For afHRy:<+%
B. As }=f\WWJf 0
C. With ~6t<`&f
D. Because G0h&0e{w
练习： $yU}56(z~
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. ]0<K^OIY
8. A. is >!Y#2]@}o
B. having R%r25_8
C. being 5-0
& `,
D. be f9UDH8X
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 i{N?Y0YQs0
虚拟语气(2) Ln6emXqw
1. (should)+动词原形 .= ~2"P
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 lE%
KzX?&
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 ZYY~A_C
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 %w>3Fwj`z
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 lGK7XAx,
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 z7BFkZ6+
would rather +动词过去式 |1 H9,:*%
真题剖析 o3 Yb2Nw
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … \2~\c#-k
47. A. do GMZ6 dK
B. did zN5};e}^v
C. don’t Y5ei:r|^
D. didn’t q},,[t
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. :{S@KsPqE
53. A. ordered JgHYuL B
B. pleaded EJz!#f~
C. decided LZG(T$d I
D. demanded O5:U2o-
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. !"/"Mqs3$
15. A. took I4ZbM nO
B. would take BIN HCZ
C. will take -;8 a* F
D. should take B
k\K G
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. =],c$)
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) (I;81h`1G
54.A. shall iM9k!u FE
B.will N|"q6M !ZL
C.would 9' H\-
D.should 3 %r*~#nz
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 xi<}n#
动名词、分词、不定式。 c;t3I},
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) (}T},ygQ
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) hWn-[w/l_
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 yO\bVu5V
真题剖析 /IX555/dR1
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. -y_q
60. A. dropped %@aC5^Ovy+
B. to drop I3Z\]BI
C. dropping Y)(w &E>1
D.drops fOsvOC
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. |Q%n
nN
59. A. destructive BGH'&t_5
B. dissatisfied d} ?KPJ{
C. damaged >*^SQ{9
D. derivative h<C R W-
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 S5L0[SZ$!
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 z}
r
How you got there doesn’t concern me. L
cy6G%A
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. &(o&Y
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 ofYZ! -V
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. K1;b4Sl?A
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 j@UE#I|h
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 r M}o)
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). w&hCt c
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 Nd;pkssd
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. 7coVl$_Zl
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) r#}o
+ 3*
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) GJ?J6@|
He no less than John is interested in literature. Ak}`zIo
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) 7^#O{QYol
Either my father or my brothers are coming. (II#9 n)
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 3^)c5kcI
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. ?ZhB S3L
真题剖析 !b$~Sm)
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. urL@SeV+$
53. A. none %?/vC
6
B. few [*H h6
C. any h>z5m
D. some p7.~k1h
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 ,a0RI<D
全部倒装 cw_B^f 8^
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” *^Z -4
There stand big buildings in this district. w H`GzB"
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. kH[thR k}
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) T#Z#YM k
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. +R 8dy
+ = U9<8
