（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 ZNx{7]=a
1. 充当句子的状语。 a $K M
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2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 aE;!mod
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 c8yD-U/-
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) )HU?7n. {
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. F-ZD6l
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b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started.
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c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). Pq`4Y
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真题剖析 @Xh 4ZMyEx
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. 't>Qj7vh0
45. A. For pGOS'.K%t8
B. As omY?`(=
C. With !<~Ig/
D. Because
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练习： D@3|nS
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. co*5NM^
8. A. is 3;Xs`dk
B. having 6Qo6 T][
C. being E O}(M XS
D. be q6,xsO,+
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 1] kk
虚拟语气(2) ;1y\!f3#V~
1. (should)+动词原形 Tq?W @DM*
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 8cd ,SQ}y
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 N1SR nJu<f
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句
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部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句
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2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 h&Sl8$jVp
would rather +动词过去式 \Z~m6;
真题剖析 n^A=ar.
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … .)o5o7H
47. A. do a@X'oV`(2b
B. did 1"e= Zqn$)
C. don’t 00Rk %QV
D. didn’t xNONf4I:6J
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. WH/a #F
53. A. ordered 6z(
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B. pleaded jXdn4m/O
C. decided [C&c;YNp
D. demanded 0q3 :"X
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. Ne4A
15. A. took >s>5k
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B. would take ]f\rB8k|&
C. will take {<i!Pm
D. should take A76=^ iw
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. 6?`py}:
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) ^=@%@mR/[C
54.A. shall @GEvI2Vf.0
B.will z C``G<TB
C.would 1k7E[G~G|
D.should $pD^O!I)?
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 HS2)vd@)
动名词、分词、不定式。 &oR&N Kk
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) i ^W\YLE
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) 2{qoWys8[
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 p&q&Fr-
真题剖析 BvYJ!V
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(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. yb] a p
60. A. dropped QTDI^ZeuF
B. to drop ' E@D
C. dropping T|=8 jt,
D.drops [`:\(( 8
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. p'R}z|d)
59. A. destructive Xh{EItk~oO
B. dissatisfied 't djPdw
C. damaged v<c8qg
D. derivative )QKZI))G0
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 YlYTH_L>E
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 mO\6B7 V!
How you got there doesn’t concern me. -PX {W)Aw
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. \:Nbl<9(9
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 0>AA-~=-
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. VfQSfNsi
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 -dza_{&+iZ
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 *l5 /q\ D
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). \ET7
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 /6f
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Everyone knows that you’ve come here. 3n,F5?! m
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) f-3lJ?6
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) ('>!dXA$
He no less than John is interested in literature. fghJj@ES
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等)
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Either my father or my brothers are coming. yJ?4B?p(
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 T]0qd^\4w
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. = i `o+H
真题剖析 aiz_6@Qfz*
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. zHyM@*Gf(
53. A. none 4Sw)IU~K(
B. few sqsBGFeG
C. any qi$6
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D. some l .FkX
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 0b4QcfB1[
全部倒装 l].dOso$`
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” VBy=X\w]
There stand big buildings in this district. {&m^*YN/
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. !hEt U F
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) (rvK@
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. %[5hTf
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