（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 prIq9U|@
1. 充当句子的状语。 <;v{`@\j{
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 J8/>b{Y
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 :Tj,;0#/
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) 4:6@9.VVT
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. ~j F5%Gu
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. p9l&K/
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). g*Cs /w
真题剖析 #n~/~*:i92
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. L$7 v;R3
45. A. For :hxfd b-
B. As I"<~!krt%
C. With |mmIu_
D. Because 6pr} A
练习： VZ_ 4B *D
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. To=1B`@-
8. A. is +=O8t0y
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B. having ''f
C. being /l:
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D. be 1s!hl{n<~
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 IybMO5Mwn
虚拟语气(2) ;=UrIA@y;=
1. (should)+动词原形
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It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 <( [o4%
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 B;7 L:
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 7 NJ1cQ-}t
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句
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2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 x#Hq74H,
would rather +动词过去式 $&lS7}
真题剖析 X$%RJ3t e
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … ?~u"w OH'
47. A. do X g.\B1d
B. did Hh54&YKZ
C. don’t p BmacFP
D. didn’t bk#u0N
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. N}\$i&Vi
53. A. ordered rq2XFSXn
B. pleaded Isoqs(Oi
C. decided s u![S T(
D. demanded $WTu7lVV[1
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. ~Bj-n6 QDE
15. A. took Kw925
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B. would take _!w# {5~
C. will take 6RzTS b
D. should take vbF Y}
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. i,* DWD+
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) jd(=? !_
54.A. shall F"a,[i,[W
B.will h2uO+qEsu
C.would Q"QrbU
D.should c;(}Ih(#
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 e|Lh~sVq
动名词、分词、不定式。 |$6Gp Aq!
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done)
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发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) !~>u\h
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 & =_YL
真题剖析 9)H~I/
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(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. ?WU u@Z
60. A. dropped I /> .P
B. to drop {Ivu"<`L3
C. dropping n;2W=N?y
D.drops 5U jXpS
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. Lo9+#ITyx
59. A. destructive kO/dZ%vj
B. dissatisfied `? `\!u
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C. damaged INcJ Xlv
D. derivative Fvi<5v
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 Wp T.25
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 ]]9eUw=
How you got there doesn’t concern me. \s+ <w3
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. <R_3; 5J%
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 HLTz|P0JZ
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. rK)%n!Z
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 k6G23p[9
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 -OVJ ]
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). r ZGA9duy
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 sveFxI
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. *
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If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) pE15[fJ`
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等)
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He no less than John is interested in literature. N t g#-_]
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) ZtDHN L
Either my father or my brothers are coming. OJ ] {FI
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 Auv/w}zrr
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. !)_5 z <
真题剖析 %Sxy!gGz%%
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. 0D 0 #*J
53. A. none Z&J417buk
B. few RwT.B+Onuy
C. any ZYu^Q6 b3
D. some QT^(
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（五）考博英语语法：倒装 zXZy:SD
全部倒装 s7T=/SC54
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” !YAkHrF`[0
There stand big buildings in this district. O(WFj mHx
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. j:U>V7Kn3~
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) ChGwG.-%L
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. G s*ea'T)
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