（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 :[&X*bw[
1. 充当句子的状语。 ]=3O,\
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 =EJ"edw]%0
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 H6eGLg={
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) ]gW J,
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. qG qu/$b h
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. 4Ojw&ys@V
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). Fqv5WoYVf
真题剖析 ,L;vN6~
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. 5dk,!C jg
45. A. For mI%/k7:sf
B. As DvCt^ O*
C. With vo-{3]u#=
D. Because &?nF' ;&
练习： Q/9b'^UJ
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do.
Ul
Iw&U
8. A. is p rgjU
B. having fL;p^t u3
C. being xJhbGK
D. be [
UJj*n
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 g OM`I+CwT
虚拟语气(2) B(LV22#
1. (should)+动词原形 (T01 hR&
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 6]S.1 BP
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 HV.7IyBA^
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 f,>i%.
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 ]o$ /xP
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 ,be?GAq
would rather +动词过去式 rR~X >+K
真题剖析 P;&p[[7
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … AtDrQ<>y '
47. A. do {2r7:nvR
B. did dy?|Q33Y"
C. don’t {1|7N
GQ
D. didn’t {C6;$#7P
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. )fc"])&8
53. A. ordered e622{dfVS
B. pleaded M PN=K |*
C. decided L W5ggU/
D. demanded JSK5x(GlH
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. N06O.bji
15. A. took *%'7~58ObS
B. would take {NgY8w QB
C. will take h\ \2r>
D. should take
XYF~Q9~
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. |o=S T
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) %uqD\ `-
54.A. shall @ ]we m
B.will p+UHJ&
C.would vqz#V=J{
D.should
0 P3|1=
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 9~%]|_ (
动名词、分词、不定式。 l'". }6S
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) b(-t)5^}
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) aDvO
(C
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 A<X :K
nl
真题剖析 x][ 9ptr h
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. 8kM0
60. A. dropped &t|V:_?/x
B. to drop (i0"hi
C. dropping =)1YYJTe9
D.drops S Y>,kwHO
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. (VPM>ndkw
59. A. destructive gXLZ) >+A+
B. dissatisfied m<,G:?RM
C. damaged })Mv9 ~&S
D. derivative eTRx 6Fri(
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 fy=C!N&/
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 2 T(,
H.O
How you got there doesn’t concern me. ^r$iN %&~
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. U[ e 8 K
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 pM'IQ3N
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. . (*kgv@3x
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 g=g.GpFt
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 U> _\
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). CVSsB:H6e
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 w]Ko/;;^2
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. V3A>Ag+^~
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) Rp`_Grcd
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) a[74 %L?
He no less than John is interested in literature. 4lh
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等)
kulQR>u
Either my father or my brothers are coming. ~Ri u*<
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 W]y Clx \
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. ldCKSWIi-
真题剖析 yhtvr5z1
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. u_6 BHsU
53. A. none dp[w?AMhM9
B. few rxy {a
C. any -wf RR>)d
D. some :B*vkwT
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 a:- )+sgHw
全部倒装 ANFg]g.Az
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” N7~)qqb
There stand big buildings in this district. ] [HGzHA
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. }ED
nLou
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) O+E1M=R6h
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. 'Wf?elB+
^)hA Vf~E
