(一)考博英语语法:独立主格
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1. 充当句子的状语。 :l[Q
2. 有自己的主语,同句子的主语不一致。 H%jIjf
3. 名词(代词,形容词,副词,介词)+ 分词 x@l~*6!K
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) $CV'p/^En
例:a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. n Fn`>kQ
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. {N`<e>A]{
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). %HS!^j3C%
真题剖析 ph+tk5k
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. QAw,X Z.K^
45. A. For ml/O
B. As )}lV41u
C. With O/~^}8TLL
D. Because g0$k_
练习: <;"=ah7A
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. LxDhthZi_
8. A. is +Enff0 =+
B. having 1W7BN~p14
C. being 0_.hU^fP
D. be 2geC3v% 0o
(二)考博英语语法:虚拟语气 vGDo?X~#o
虚拟语气(2) m@?e
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1. (should)+动词原形 tYa*%|!
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It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 H|O}Dsj
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 xUoY|$fI
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 8B9zo&
部分名词/动词(表示建议,劝告,决定等) +that从句 3I(M<sB}
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 *5)!y
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would rather +动词过去式 _\[G7
真题剖析 /L^dHI]Q
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … 6Fb~`J~s
47. A. do EUqG"h5#A{
B. did j&5Xjl>4
C. don’t N|}`p"
D. didn’t r0>T7yPAK
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. 5K<C
53. A. ordered 2D"/k'iA
B. pleaded nt6"
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C. decided <i-RF-*S
D. demanded NBX/V^
练习:Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. ZxQP,Ys_Y
15. A. took WTx;,TNG
B. would take r.5F^
C. will take rg\w!L(
D. should take XLT<,B}e
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. \\JXY*DA:+
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) (n\
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54.A. shall vCM'n
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B.will /_\4(vvf
C.would R0[Gfq9M=
D.should 4tjRju?
(三)考博英语语法:非谓语动词 ??PpHBJ')
动名词、分词、不定式。 Qsa2iw{
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) Qw:j2g2H7
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) iKwVYL
To在什么情况下作介词,什么情况下作不定式引导词。 *6L^A`_1]
真题剖析 mD!imq%=
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. dq2v[?*R
60. A. dropped SW7%SX,xM
B. to drop V.J%4&^X
C. dropping a$
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D.drops Hg4Ut/0
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. ]+AI:
59. A. destructive H\T
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B. dissatisfied ?
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C. damaged ?k#%AM
D. derivative <qBPN{'a"
(四)考博英语语法:主谓一致 'py
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1. 整体及抽象概念作主语,谓语通常用单数形式。 (w*$~p
How you got there doesn’t concern me. &m`
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. wZ^/-
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语,谓语多用单数。 2rxdRg'YLQ
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. tc[PJH&P
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等),谓语通常用单数形式。 MmX42;Pw
4. “分数或百分数+主语”,谓语跟主语保持一致。 ~'ovJ46tx
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). ]n+:lsiV
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语,谓语用单数。 R~`Y6>o~9:
Everyone knows that you’ve come here.
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If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) hm&~6rB
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) _Qv4;a
He no less than John is interested in literature. _u>+H#
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) !MbRI
Either my father or my brothers are coming. og>f1NwS[
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语,谓语用单数。 t[<=QK
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. ;,viE~n
真题剖析 (nBsf1l
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. w(vf>L6(
53. A. none XLtuck
B. few r@_;L>
C. any c6e?)(V>
D. some (vQShe\
(五)考博英语语法:倒装 4F'@yi^Gt
全部倒装 b&LhydaJ
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” "MyYu}AD
There stand big buildings in this district. R8ZW1
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. 3mx7[Q
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆,如it blew up.) }b1P!xb!A
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. l!`m}$
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