（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 69j~?w)^
1. 充当句子的状语。 oBNX8%5w
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 K7xWE,y
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 'uf\.F
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) 87pXv6'FQ
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. #W%)$k c
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. )x8;.@U
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). sI d(PT^
真题剖析 G>w?9:V}
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. ^2C /!Y<
45. A. For KW|\)83$
B. As G] mWaA
C. With ey\m)6A$
D. Because Ed^uA+ D
练习： T4~`e_
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. =0PRAc
8. A. is "o{)X@YN]
B. having y3cf[Q
C. being 8@ %mnyQ
D. be
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（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 )W1(tEq59
虚拟语气(2) B+Y5b5+wOQ
1. (should)+动词原形 1X::0;3
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 (/SGT$#8
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 v0Ai!#
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 &@%
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部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 ^KkRF"
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2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 {4:
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would rather +动词过去式 !6zyJc @01
真题剖析 SL tSq G7~
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … iUI y,Y
47. A. do ,\o<y|+`S
B. did 8M^wuRn
C. don’t 2yln 7[a
D. didn’t =2
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(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. z wL3,!t
53. A. ordered a-]hW=[
B. pleaded e(yQKwVD
C. decided {~"7vkc+
D. demanded E@w[&#
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. $ph0ag+
15. A. took oi2J :Y4
B. would take 3{N\A5 ~
C. will take F`!TV(,bY
D. should take &*B>P >x
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. Dp*:Q){>E
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) Kb}MF9?:e
54.A. shall 6Wj@r!u
B.will coDj L.u
C.would Nd`HB=ShJ
D.should P7z:3o.
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 hM~eJv
动名词、分词、不定式。 U.: sK*
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) #wr2imG6
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) (]2<?x*
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。
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真题剖析 1e/L\Y=m
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. !g8* r"[UJ
60. A. dropped XdpF&B&K7Q
B. to drop [FGgkd}
C. dropping Z |
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D.drops RcQ>eZHl
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. K"L_`.&Q
59. A. destructive c<?[d!v I
B. dissatisfied &&WDo(r3
C. damaged \<ZLoy_
D. derivative I:i<>kG
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 4
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1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 ryg4h Hspl
How you got there doesn’t concern me. [EgW/ \35
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. JkU1daTe
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 lyyX
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Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. O+_N!/
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 %(`#A.yaE
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 qgx?"$ Z
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). =NZ[${7mq
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 0z7L+2#b^
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. /Wu |)tx
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) :I
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6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) ^O)ve^P
He no less than John is interested in literature. Fnb2.R'+
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) OQScW2a&
Either my father or my brothers are coming. Ly7!R$X
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 Hm
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Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. blahi]{Y9
真题剖析 Y % Ieg.o
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. SdJ/ 4&{ !
53. A. none lZW K2
B. few d"Z
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C. any cSK&[>i)4
D. some .VM 3D0aV
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 Hx2En:^Gf
全部倒装 8uch i
1. “There (Here) +be+主语”
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There stand big buildings in this district. _w(ln9
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. 0 [8=c&F
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) *hdC?m. _
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. l&W;b6L
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