（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 c= -2c&=&
1. 充当句子的状语。 5xE k 7g.
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 YBX7WZCR
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 K%p*:P
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) SwDUg}M~
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. JqDj)}fzX
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. M?UlC
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). a oZ`C3
真题剖析 vd5"phn
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(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. Oc]&1>M
45. A. For 6$'6x2,
B. As 3,K*r"=
C. With lRn6Zh
D. Because ,]N!I%SI
练习： jH*+\:UP-
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. vWJhSpC[
8. A. is t;DZ^Z"{
B. having D&WXa|EOK
C. being lA4Bq
D. be n7vLw7
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 "9[K
虚拟语气(2) MwxfTH"wi
1. (should)+动词原形 >#@1
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It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 |Hbe]2"x>
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 Av *R(d=`
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 @= c{GA j
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 t|*PC
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 @
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would rather +动词过去式
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真题剖析 1K'0ajl1A
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … a9GOY+;bf
47. A. do >GiM?*cC
B. did !oU$(,#9
C. don’t 's$pr#V
D. didn’t US )wr
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. Z*kGWL
53. A. ordered $JTy`g0>x
B. pleaded v&
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C. decided a#1LGH7E8
D. demanded tc@
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练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. Q8M& nf
15. A. took 4j!MjlG$
B. would take #;H,`r
C. will take o lNL|WJ`w
D. should take p;j$i6YJ
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. 3h ";
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(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) C[r YVa
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54.A. shall g_]
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B.will )QT k5zt
C.would v
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D.should _ds d{&
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 +M@G 8l
动名词、分词、不定式。 Ht
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主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) /Fh"Gl^
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) P h]e\
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 $2>tfKhtA
真题剖析 \9se~tAl3
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. ynM{hN.+ H
60. A. dropped 35RH|ci&
B. to drop 8+gx?p b
C. dropping =JO|m5z8>
D.drops ]vQo^nOo
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. 92Ar0
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59. A. destructive 8<!qT1
B. dissatisfied OM!ES%c,
C. damaged &O0+\A9tP
D. derivative &%qD Som3
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 TWx<)
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 GetUCb %1
How you got there doesn’t concern me. ;%dkwKO
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. jcq(=7j
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 fy_'K}i3
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Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. :WA o{|&
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 M8cLh!!
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 #mkr]K8A4
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). g+k 6pi*
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 cC}s5`
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. -S,dG|
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) uqQMS&;+,|
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) <q[ *kr
He no less than John is interested in literature. !@YYi[Gk
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) TS[Z<m
Either my father or my brothers are coming. .9^;? Ts
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 8V|-BP5^
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. _-!6@^+
真题剖析 6wu/6DO
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. ^U`q1Pg5
53. A. none $ 1d I
B. few +;!w;t
C. any Z^~ 6pH\
D. some ]yIy~V
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 ):|)/ZiC'
全部倒装 =[jBOx&
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” =f|>7m.p
There stand big buildings in this district. fZ376Z:S$
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. d:wA I|
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) 4dok/ +E c
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. j
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