（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 7%x[q}
1. 充当句子的状语。 Bf ~vA4
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 4R1<nZ"e ~
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 V{/?FO?E
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) q_MG ?re
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. "& G/T ?4
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. s %j_H
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). W{6|tx)
真题剖析 O;:mCt _H
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. P3+5?. p.
45. A. For 7:plQ !7^
B. As #S!)JM|4wk
C. With }ppN k :B
D. Because Jh,]r?Bd
练习： ;- ~B)M_S`
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. I9_RlAd
8. A. is /Kql>$I
B. having =.Pw`.
C. being PUp6Q;AdQ
D. be 5
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（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 ;K:zmH
虚拟语气(2) y\4L{GlBM
1. (should)+动词原形 gc_:%ki
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 #+ 0M2Sa
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 |W,&
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It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 6m* Q X+
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 ]7W&JKmA&
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 FH?U(-
would rather +动词过去式 BO~ 0O
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真题剖析 DR5\45v
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … yj 3cyLXw
47. A. do 'f! 8DGix
B. did hZ?Ro f
C. don’t o[Q MT P
D. didn’t Y2N >HK0
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. SA&Rep^
53. A. ordered T"{>t
B. pleaded dyz2.ZY~2
C. decided U6glp@s
D. demanded %
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练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. \tf <B\oa
15. A. took GFj{K
B. would take [
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C. will take $O&b``
D. should take yr)G]K[/
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. 7Haa;2
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(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) ~^NtO
54.A. shall /hr7NT{e%v
B.will -^&<Z
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C.would kvL=>
A
D.should Z;h t
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 .
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动名词、分词、不定式。 F|
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主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) v,FU^f-'
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) 3@etRd;]Kr
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 &PR5q 7
真题剖析 &|s0P
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. Kf bb)?
60. A. dropped qk%;on&`
B. to drop l.q&D< _
C. dropping ef 8s<5"4
D.drops : y'Ah#
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. 0 z`a1 %U
59. A. destructive &C `Gg<
B. dissatisfied M1k{t %M+S
C. damaged D>`xzt '.6
D. derivative e),q0%5
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 |)IlMG
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 []\+k31D
How you got there doesn’t concern me. 216 RiSr*
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. {0[tNth'h
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 $jjfC
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. BGvre' 67
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 [@&m4 7
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 ^P[e1?SZG
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). ~Q Oe##
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 ^
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Everyone knows that you’ve come here. wy<\Tg^J
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) _?-E7:Sw
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) ?fQ'^agq
He no less than John is interested in literature. :,3C 0 T3r
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) Fe# 1
Either my father or my brothers are coming. qFicBpB
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 &p P;Neh;
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. WQx?[tW(U
真题剖析 )Oq|amvC
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded.
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53. A. none IY_iB*T3jt
B. few sG(~^h J_
C. any kVuUjP6(c
D. some gI&#o@Pm
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 %@<8 <6&q
全部倒装 272 q1~&
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” ]RwpX ^ 1
There stand big buildings in this district. n"h `5p5'
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. C+* d8_L
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) OstQqV%@
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man.
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