2016考博英语语法详解汇总

（一）考博英语语法：独立主格    　　 JnC$}amr  
　　1. 充当句子的状语。 j41)X'MgJ  
　　2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 (s:ihpI  
　　3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 X@ zw;Se  
　　4.　With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) GM1z@i\5  
　　例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. -4rXOmiA  
　　b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. 'hEv W  
　　c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). .f1  
　　真题剖析 (8Q0?SZN  
　　(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are　 46　 of the material which would　47　feed them. h8nJt>h  
　　45. A. For kAu-=X  
　　B. As ^Y;}GeA
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　　C. With pUGFQ."\  
　　D. Because Dd:TFZo  
　　练习： J$aE:g6'  
　　Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. UR3qzPm!0e  
　　8. A. is ^{Vt  
　　B. having JAQ y  
　　C. being =:w]EpH"  
　　D. be -Kas9\VWEw  
　　（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 qjcPJ  
　　虚拟语气(2) (6y[,lYH  
　　1. (should)+动词原形 li @:  
　　It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 .S5%Qa [uW  
　　It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 p#\J
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　　It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 4
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　　部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 L:.z FW,  
　　2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 65HP9`5Tm  
　　would rather +动词过去式 VRb+
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　　真题剖析 vvTQ!Aa  
　　(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I　47　say that teaching is hard work . … 2l4*6rYa(  
　　47. A. do r_x|2 AoO  
　　B. did yd}1Mx  
　　C. don’t 8opd0'SNaB  
　　D. didn’t <Jf[N=  
　　(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration　52 , and they　　53　that the professor be sent home. '^{:HR#i  
　　53. A. ordered Ah?,9r=U  
　　B. pleaded cIS?EW]S%X  
　　C. decided iw XMe(k  
　　D. demanded 4:I'zR5  
　　练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that 　　we__15__ this message to heart. V JJ6q  
　　15. A. took R<)^-- n  
　　B. would take ^.p d'  
　　C. will take W=S
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　　D. should take +F4SU(T  
　　(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. rqi/nW  
　　(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) obz|*1M?  
　　54.A. shall m<e_Z~^G  
　　B.will CX}==0od  
　　C.would >Y6 iLQ$X  
　　D.should Pm/Rc  
　　（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 1!
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　　动名词、分词、不定式。 A-&XgOL  
　　主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) KCl85Wi'  
　　发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) =L]GQ=d  
　　To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 *~\R0ddz  
　　真题剖析 VsQ~Y,7  
　　(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies　60　into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. pGdFeEkB/  
　　60. A. dropped '/'dg5bfV  
　　B. to drop ms{iQ:'9  
　　C. dropping KL\hV .6  
　　D.drops i@L_[d^|j`  
　　(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a　59　life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining 　　relationships, from developing in human ways. [:(hqi!  
　　59. A. destructive l{mC|8X  
　　B. dissatisfied =k ]2Ad  
　　C. damaged 6qd?&.=r  
　　D. derivative _J X> #h  
　　（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 P
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　　1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 dqgH"g  
　　How you got there doesn’t concern me. 4ATIF;G'<  
　　Growing vegetables needs constant watering. w2) @o>w  
　　2.　表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 n.7-$1  
　　Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. Tn"^`\m  
　　3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 hjq @.5  
　　4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 d:#z{V_  
　　Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). P?h
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　　5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 slQEAqG)B  
　　Everyone knows that you’ve come here. @y2cC6+'t  
　　If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.　　(--thing 的情况例外) Om(Ir&0  
　　6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) w/e?K4  
　　He no less than John is interested in literature. )I"I[jDw  
　　7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) E1s~ +  
　　Either my father or my brothers are coming. >BZ,g!N,J}  
　　8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 @ a i2A|  
　　Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. NwN3T]W  
　　真题剖析 3qkPe_<I  
　　(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year,　54 of urbanization ever recorded. )|6OPR@(#/  
　　53. A. none P~;1adi3  
　　B. few 7/K L<T9@  
　　C. any >P ~j@Lv  
　　D. some
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　　（五）考博英语语法：倒装 S1#5oy2  
　　全部倒装 T037|k a{  
　　1. “There (Here) +be+主语” =E62N7_`=  
　　There stand big buildings in this district. 48Jt1^  
　　Here on the desk lies a pile of books. &$ fyY:<\  
　　2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) @0V4$OoFl  
　　In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. &crR nv?  
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