（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 _fSBb<
1. 充当句子的状语。 d{"@<0i?
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 "BZ@m:I6hy
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 v0?SN>fZ
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) RC?vU
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. Z{ gm4YV
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. I?^(j;QpS
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). (][-()YV
真题剖析 g@T}h [
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. K$w;|UJc
45. A. For H8g%h}6h
B. As BMdZd5!p&
C. With Hp>L}5 y[
D. Because g[bu9i
练习：
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Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. -e_o p'`
8. A. is _ Yc"{d3S
B. having vbd)L$$20+
C. being P|Gwt&
D. be l1KgPRmEP
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 d4*
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虚拟语气(2) x^1d 9Z
1. (should)+动词原形 H7z)OaM
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 "|[9 Q?
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 _> x }MW+
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 +L`}(yLJ)9
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 'Grii ,
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 =y _KL
would rather +动词过去式 _ #NibW
真题剖析 ZY]$MZf5yo
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … 6 QCV i
47. A. do 5WJ ~%"O
B. did 6XF Ufi+
C. don’t j?m(l,YD|*
D. didn’t {$hWz (
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. -d A9x~o
53. A. ordered kY\faWuR
B. pleaded Rw{'
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C. decided $q:l
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D. demanded e'A_4;~@s
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. dN3^PK
15. A. took t3Gy *B
B. would take m;l[flQ~
C. will take A{ T9-f@X
D. should take UX63BA
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. klnNBo!
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) ,$:u^;V(
54.A. shall Hq 5#.rZ#
B.will
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C.would 8xAI n>,_
D.should : ?zq!
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 _lk V T']
动名词、分词、不定式。 HJ N GO[*g
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) "=s}xAM|A
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) KJoa^e; ~
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 0vfMJzk
真题剖析 7QTS@o-
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. GBb8 }lx
60. A. dropped @-S7)h>~
B. to drop uo]\L^j
C. dropping P?>
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D.drops PU.j (0
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. jbS@6 * _
59. A. destructive 8BAe6-*S8
B. dissatisfied oe^JDb#
C. damaged F%y#)53g
D. derivative <(Ar[Rp
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 I_8 n>\u
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 tE-bHu370
How you got there doesn’t concern me. uaP5(hUI
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. V_$<^z|
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 63\
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Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. G L0P&$ h
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 j-/$e, xX
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 TW 1`{SM
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). s~(
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5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 90abA,U@
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. a6 :hH@ ,
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) n|
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6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) 6:QlHuy0nH
He no less than John is interested in literature. L"1AC&~ u
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) 2H8\ P+
Either my father or my brothers are coming. { **W7\h
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 kene'
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Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. k&[6Ld0~56
真题剖析 2Gj)fMK38
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. *e:I*L
53. A. none Ke# Rkt
B. few 9RS vi
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C. any Hv'
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D. some 8qfXc
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（五）考博英语语法：倒装 rN .8-
全部倒装 ;U a48pSv
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” /Wl8Jf7'
There stand big buildings in this district. 'F/uD 1;
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. H<nA*Zf2@R
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) ei}(jlQp
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. E d_Fx'
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