（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 :\=
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1. 充当句子的状语。 =K< I)2
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 hm} :Me$[)
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 s!RA_ %8/>
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) H2R^t{ w
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. D"XQ!1
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b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. 9QQ @Y}
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). 1^"aR#
真题剖析 dcTM02kEh
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. /Rcd}rO
45. A. For TdOWdPvYj
B. As W%Nu]9T
C. With lJ1xx }k{U
D. Because fy-Z{
练习： jO
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Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. | DS@90}
8. A. is teNQUIe-
B. having @X><lz
C. being [?6D1b [
D. be
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（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 %1+~( 1P
虚拟语气(2) v 5ddb)
1. (should)+动词原形 2*DS_ =6o
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 Z8 n%=(He
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 /;m!>{({)
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 I{ZPv"9j^
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 @ [Qg}'i
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 y:zT1I@>
would rather +动词过去式 MQM
y Z:
真题剖析 w/D m
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … <a}|G1 h
47. A. do `l#$l3v+
B. did d"a7{~l
C. don’t Y[]t_o)
D. didn’t 5Cka."bQ
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. J%B?YO,
53. A. ordered Io X 9yGq
B. pleaded j !n> d
C. decided )O(Gw-jWE
D. demanded v@SrEmg
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. 7B :aJfxM
15. A. took B\w` )c
B. would take NistW+{<
C. will take dAt[i \S
D. should take d0,F'?.0|
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. CU&,Kq @
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) |?W
54.A. shall e@VRdh b
B.will 7
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C.would Ww4G
D.should :M`BVZ1t
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 y~ LVK8
动名词、分词、不定式。 @>ZjeDG>
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) ,' B=eY,
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) (k45k/PAP
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 @SXgaWr
真题剖析 Ey%NqOs0#
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. J n/=v\K@
60. A. dropped t BQ>
p.
B. to drop A G2jl/
C. dropping w:v:znQrW
D.drops H0 t1& :
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. X=~QE}x
59. A. destructive GK+w1%6)
B. dissatisfied H;ib3?
C. damaged HS9U.G >
D. derivative iL<O|' be
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 Sa5 y7
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 i YkNtqn/
How you got there doesn’t concern me. cyyFIJj]
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. gw:BKR'o
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 db|$7 ]!w
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. $-73}[UA 4
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 T8LwDqio
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 5 B6:pH6e
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). X,~ C&#
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 ]LjW,b"
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. t|%ul6{gz
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) vr$ [
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) l"/O s_4O
He no less than John is interested in literature. T28#?Lp6]
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) {1[8,Ho
Either my father or my brothers are coming. vHmn)d1pl
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 E),T,
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. #"l=Lv
真题剖析
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(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. %- D2I
53. A. none h1$,
B. few o'
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C. any ~ p &sd)
D. some qmhHHFjQ
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 ' tekne
全部倒装 ? T9-FG W
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” 7y!{lr=n
There stand big buildings in this district. c ;VW>&,B
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. $P$OWp?b
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) \RJ428sxn
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. ==& =3
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