2016考博英语语法详解汇总

（一）考博英语语法：独立主格    　　 I C
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　　1. 充当句子的状语。 pCOtk'n  
　　2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 6yU#;|6d  
　　3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 VR:4|_o  
　　4.　With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) _d<xxF^q  
　　例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. v2ab  
　　b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. PRTn~!Z0  
　　c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). IhRWa|{I  
　　真题剖析 fm u;Pb]r  
　　(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are　 46　 of the material which would　47　feed them. 98Dg[O  
　　45. A. For G&7!3u  
　　B. As ]?1n-w.}r  
　　C. With T ?HG}(2  
　　D. Because BNj@~uC{  
　　练习： ;kE
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　　Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do.
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　　8. A. is 655OL)|cD6  
　　B. having kiP-^Wan  
　　C. being W08rGY  
　　D. be $F#eD0|  
　　（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 26K sP .-  
　　虚拟语气(2) &[Zg;r   
　　1. (should)+动词原形 _G62E$=  
　　It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 (p?7-~6|:  
　　It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 l.iT+ T  
　　It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 azC
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　　部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 EjF2mkA*  
　　2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 s`
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　　would rather +动词过去式 +qiI;C_P\  
　　真题剖析 4))5l9kc.  
　　(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I　47　say that teaching is hard work . … `z!6zo2d  
　　47. A. do tupAU$h?!  
　　B. did K @h94Ni6  
　　C. don’t ^U.t5jj  
　　D. didn’t G|eJ
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　　(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration　52 , and they　　53　that the professor be sent home. XlaGR2-%  
　　53. A. ordered h~r&7G@[}  
　　B. pleaded m2j]wUh"  
　　C. decided *a2-
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　　D. demanded a
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　　练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that 　　we__15__ this message to heart. 3D
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　　15. A. took s*9lYk0  
　　B. would take D6vhW:t8?  
　　C. will take l\"wdS}  
　　D. should take pzFM #  
　　(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. :7L[v9'  
　　(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) &S9O:>=*  
　　54.A. shall ZO*?02c  
　　B.will a2.@Zyz  
　　C.would rGgP9 (  
　　D.should myqQq
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　　（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 XgPZcOzYB  
　　动名词、分词、不定式。 #'fQx`LV  
　　主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) !JnxNIr&i|  
　　发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) #%{x*y:Ms  
　　To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 ;9)A+bD]  
　　真题剖析 +BgU nu26  
　　(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies　60　into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. yGE)EBH  
　　60. A. dropped SS7C|*-
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　　B. to drop 5$%CRm  
　　C. dropping IcUE=J  
　　D.drops '~n=<Y  
　　(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a　59　life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining 　　relationships, from developing in human ways. Ch7&9NW  
　　59. A. destructive mt]50}eK  
　　B. dissatisfied t6! B  
　　C. damaged )Kg_E6  
　　D. derivative C sx EN4  
　　（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 #)z7&nD  
　　1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 P.'$L\  
　　How you got there doesn’t concern me. CQI\/oaO  
　　Growing vegetables needs constant watering. 7~2V5@{<  
　　2.　表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 ,Lr}P  
　　Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. ~NBlJULS  
　　3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。  R7ExMJw  
　　4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 3Nk )  
　　Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). E#/vgm=W;  
　　5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 7-2,|(Xg  
　　Everyone knows that you’ve come here. .7r$jmuFs  
　　If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.　　(--thing 的情况例外) =`MMB|{6  
　　6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) %)PQomn?  
　　He no less than John is interested in literature. 2X|nPhNi  
　　7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) gtJCvVj>g  
　　Either my father or my brothers are coming. )d7U3i  
　　8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 %nT&  
　　Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. >|_B=<!99W  
　　真题剖析 *Fz#x{zt  
　　(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year,　54 of urbanization ever recorded. u%rB]a$/  
　　53. A. none :my@Oxx4@  
　　B. few sT+\ z  
　　C. any CQ^I;[=d  
　　D. some ]R6Z(^XT,E  
　　（五）考博英语语法：倒装 vC_O!2E  
　　全部倒装 VDC"tSQ  
　　1. “There (Here) +be+主语” *tL1t\jY  
　　There stand big buildings in this district. o>oZh1/\T,  
　　Here on the desk lies a pile of books. FaA7m  
　　2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) ]WZi+  
　　In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. dxF/]>t  
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