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主题 : 2016考博英语语法详解汇总
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楼主  发表于: 2015-10-30   

2016考博英语语法详解汇总

(一)考博英语语法:独立主格       gR)T(%W  
  1. 充当句子的状语。 Ie(vTP1Cj  
  2. 有自己的主语,同句子的主语不一致。 !\.%^LK1  
  3. 名词(代词,形容词,副词,介词)+ 分词 zoYw[YP9  
  4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) )8Defuxk  
  例:a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. '1]Iu@?  
  b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. Pl4$`Qw#y  
  c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). X_Vj&{  
  真题剖析 )0Av:eF-+  
  (1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are  46  of the material which would 47 feed them. ^mbpt`@  
  45. A. For Tl9KL%9  
  B. As {Muw4DV  
  C. With dLQV>oF  
  D. Because 5!Y51R^c  
  练习: ]i\C4*  
  Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. 4$D:<8B  
  8. A. is JR='c)6:  
  B. having zb/w^~J_i  
  C. being X!r9  
  D. be |,k,X}gP  
  (二)考博英语语法:虚拟语气 ^M60#gJ  
  虚拟语气(2) |pB[g> ~V  
  1. (should)+动词原形 p:]kH  
  It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 alM ^ X  
  It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 TqURYnNd  
  It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 k i`7S  
  部分名词/动词(表示建议,劝告,决定等) +that从句 z Qtg]@S  
  2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 S`ms[^-q*  
  would rather +动词过去式 Q)oO*CnM!-  
  真题剖析 NbyVBl0=  
  (1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … *3_@#Uu7  
  47. A. do "_Wv,CYmNr  
  B. did ! Ff/RRo  
  C. don’t u Ey>7I  
  D. didn’t Cf#[E~24  
  (1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they  53 that the professor be sent home. k!Y7 Rc{"  
  53. A. ordered "0al"?  
  B. pleaded % j4  
  C. decided U2  0@B`<  
  D. demanded E:,V{&tLK  
  练习:Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that   we__15__ this message to heart. 8RS=Xemds  
  15. A. took 7Ddo ^Gtx  
  B. would take Nrp0z:  
  C. will take 7VWq8FH`  
  D. should take 8I o--Ew3  
  (2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. +AVYypql8K  
  (even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) a`XXz  
  54.A. shall u_+64c_7  
  B.will @SH%l]  
  C.would JVO,@~~  
  D.should q.]>uBAQ?  
  (三)考博英语语法:非谓语动词 r= 8(n<;Co  
  动名词、分词、不定式。 35 /)S@  
  主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) }%z {tn  
  发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) yHS=8!  
  To在什么情况下作介词,什么情况下作不定式引导词。 @I{v  
  真题剖析 6wk/IJ`  
  (2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. [UqJ3@>  
  60. A. dropped Oy>u/g~  
  B. to drop &p>VTD  
  C. dropping H=2sT+Sp  
  D.drops ;9w: %c1  
  (2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining   relationships, from developing in human ways. f=0U&~  
  59. A. destructive }Yd7<"kp  
  B. dissatisfied O>P792)  
  C. damaged rkw^RW^  
  D. derivative <=m@Sg{o  
  (四)考博英语语法:主谓一致 !`j}%!K!  
  1. 整体及抽象概念作主语,谓语通常用单数形式。 N%8O9Dp8;  
  How you got there doesn’t concern me. fQZ,kl  
  Growing vegetables needs constant watering.  \*5`@>_  
  2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语,谓语多用单数。 s zgq7  
  Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. 2D,EWk/4  
  3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等),谓语通常用单数形式。 *AE  N  
  4. “分数或百分数+主语”,谓语跟主语保持一致。 p#['CqP8  
  Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). xiv1y4(%  
  5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语,谓语用单数。 1: cD\  
  Everyone knows that you’ve come here. 85$W\d  
  If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.  (--thing 的情况例外) nJEm&"AI  
  6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) lLq9)+HGN  
  He no less than John is interested in literature. KHK|Zu#k '  
  7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) zqd_^  
  Either my father or my brothers are coming. {5<3./5O  
  8. each,every,many a, no …+主语,谓语用单数。 +mc0:e{WF  
  Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. 4g^nhJP$  
  真题剖析 M oIq)5/  
  (2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. "qb1jv#to  
  53. A. none u ##.t  
  B. few e -sZ_<GH  
  C. any V/ a!&_ ""  
  D. some $j ZU(<4,  
  (五)考博英语语法:倒装 %hEhZW{:  
  全部倒装 F=/@D)hND  
  1. “There (Here) +be+主语”  Hchh2  
  There stand big buildings in this district. }3{ x G+,  
  Here on the desk lies a pile of books. J Iw=Bs  
  2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆,如it blew up.) AD_aI %7  
  In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. ,!m][  
}ioHSkCD  
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