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主题 : 2016考博英语语法详解汇总
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楼主  发表于: 2015-10-30   

2016考博英语语法详解汇总

(一)考博英语语法:独立主格       K@D\5s|1|  
  1. 充当句子的状语。 r* *zjv>  
  2. 有自己的主语,同句子的主语不一致。 #+ I'V\ [  
  3. 名词(代词,形容词,副词,介词)+ 分词 25^?|9o7  
  4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) zZ5:)YiW-  
  例:a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. !IxO''4  
  b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. zw0w."V  
  c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). L4#pMc  
  真题剖析 rqdwQ  
  (1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are  46  of the material which would 47 feed them. ^J!q>KJs  
  45. A. For {T){!UVp!  
  B. As t}EM X9SQ  
  C. With Ui{%q @  
  D. Because :2 ;Jo^6Se  
  练习: %u -x9  
  Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. ny={OhP-  
  8. A. is wT1s;2%  
  B. having GK(CuwJe  
  C. being 2ZH+fV?.  
  D. be {pzj@b 1S  
  (二)考博英语语法:虚拟语气 I`>U#x*  
  虚拟语气(2) IgT`on3Y  
  1. (should)+动词原形 [ ,%=\%5  
  It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 lW bu`y  
  It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 8~sP{V%  
  It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 9 _d2u#  
  部分名词/动词(表示建议,劝告,决定等) +that从句 1+o]+Jz|  
  2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 md!6@)S-p  
  would rather +动词过去式 ;"3B,Yj  
  真题剖析 c/{FDN  
  (1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … K %^n.  
  47. A. do OWd 'z1Yl  
  B. did 3} A$+PX  
  C. don’t w =^.ICyb@  
  D. didn’t 9KSi-2?H  
  (1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they  53 that the professor be sent home. XtF m5\U  
  53. A. ordered Bd>~F7VWs  
  B. pleaded }d$-:l ,w  
  C. decided 99m2aT()  
  D. demanded 7#8Gn=g  
  练习:Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that   we__15__ this message to heart. b@:OlZ~ %  
  15. A. took H= dIZ  
  B. would take 18g_v"6o  
  C. will take [P$Xr6#  
  D. should take DM.lQ0xk  
  (2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. |rmelQ-  
  (even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) m 2H4V+M+  
  54.A. shall 3f;=#|l  
  B.will .Po"qoGy  
  C.would 9hp&HL)BOa  
  D.should  U 'jt'(  
  (三)考博英语语法:非谓语动词 Aoa8Q E   
  动名词、分词、不定式。 ZsGvv]P  
  主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) ju~$FNt8R  
  发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) PK *W u<<  
  To在什么情况下作介词,什么情况下作不定式引导词。 )m%uSSx#  
  真题剖析 MqmQ52HR  
  (2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. ]TV_ p[L0B  
  60. A. dropped sEhvx +(  
  B. to drop U,<m%C"  
  C. dropping Ovfl uFu7  
  D.drops .ZXoRT  
  (2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining   relationships, from developing in human ways. a[{$4JpK  
  59. A. destructive (f/(q-7VWt  
  B. dissatisfied w,{h9f  
  C. damaged &OR(]Wt0  
  D. derivative MBLZ:A| C  
  (四)考博英语语法:主谓一致 *_V+K  
  1. 整体及抽象概念作主语,谓语通常用单数形式。 $H:!3 -/  
  How you got there doesn’t concern me. js$R^P  
  Growing vegetables needs constant watering. ~(kEGEF  
  2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语,谓语多用单数。 ?_Qe45 @  
  Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. r" H::A  
  3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等),谓语通常用单数形式。 A U~DbU0O  
  4. “分数或百分数+主语”,谓语跟主语保持一致。 *&U~Io"U  
  Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). lyn%r  
  5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语,谓语用单数。 F^Ut ZG+  
  Everyone knows that you’ve come here. VKa+[  
  If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.  (--thing 的情况例外) '%$Vmf)=  
  6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) h nydH-;cz  
  He no less than John is interested in literature. v^"\e&XL  
  7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) |Xt G9A>  
  Either my father or my brothers are coming. wMS%/l0p1  
  8. each,every,many a, no …+主语,谓语用单数。 5es t  
  Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. x&B&lFmo 8  
  真题剖析 ?v^NimcZ  
  (2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. Y RZ\nun  
  53. A. none C'R9Nn'  
  B. few W>3S%2d  
  C. any hSehJjEoM  
  D. some 0`/G(ukO  
  (五)考博英语语法:倒装 zt .k Nb  
  全部倒装 reu[rZ&  
  1. “There (Here) +be+主语” j~v`q5X  
  There stand big buildings in this district. =rKJJa N  
  Here on the desk lies a pile of books. c 4z&HQd  
  2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆,如it blew up.) ]r`;89:s>  
  In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. "i&)+dr-  
}:8}i;#M  
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