（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 l.
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1. 充当句子的状语。 YjL'GmL<
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 [MbbL
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 tq'ri-c&b
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) b iw .
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例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. d cq18~
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. :qB|~"9O
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). ?D)$O CS
真题剖析 N`?/kubD
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. id8QagJ
45. A. For 6:; >id${
B. As /5L\:eX%
C. With 3pW4Ul@e
D. Because {n|Uf 5
练习： Rmn{Vui9\
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. jpZq]E9`P
8. A. is kn$_X4^?
B. having -gt ?5H h
C. being BgdUG:;&
D. be <,/ 7:n
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 olxxs(
虚拟语气(2) =0PGE#d{t
1. (should)+动词原形 R'>@ja*
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 6~W@$SP,F
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 ybFxz
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 m]fU V8U
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 -+Yark
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 aTeW# :m
would rather +动词过去式 $)9 |"q6
真题剖析 Lq;iR
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … e`7>QS ;.
47. A. do pO:]3qv
B. did >s"/uo
C. don’t 6\K\d_x
D. didn’t tAJ}36 aG
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. ~re}6-?
53. A. ordered a L+>XN
B. pleaded Ele J$ `/
C. decided GtZ.' ?-
D. demanded MOCcp s*
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. 7'i{JPm
15. A. took 5n}<V-yJ*m
B. would take CZeZk
C. will take 9609
D. should take $)o0{HsL+
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. JJbd h \
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) {GnZ@Q:F
54.A. shall C f d* Q
B.will _FE uQ9E
C.would kI@<H<
D.should ~:f..|JM
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 R*lq7n9
动名词、分词、不定式。 C<(oaeQY
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) Ow4(1eE_
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) <y^_&9
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 zN]%p>,)HB
真题剖析 h
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(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. vFntzN>#
60. A. dropped W~D_+[P|_
B. to drop T~ Bj],k_
C. dropping EUcD[
Rv
D.drops 1Pw1TO"Z
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. -q{N1? tcy
59. A. destructive L98T!5)
B. dissatisfied ycc G>%>r
C. damaged OQ? N_zs,
D. derivative &*+ $38XE^
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 =tt3 nfZ9
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 04;s@\yX4
How you got there doesn’t concern me. *4`5&) `
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. |w{Qwf!2
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 [F+W]Jk,
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. si6CWsb_ f
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 1r $-U h
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 YFB >GQ;
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). ur'<8pDb$
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 f y"}#
2
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. ySO\9#Ho
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) # lvt4a"P"
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) ~>=. ^
He no less than John is interested in literature. vQi=13Pw
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) zQY ,}a
Either my father or my brothers are coming. % mT/y%&:
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 ?}s;, _GH
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. 0 x-g0]
真题剖析 e~lFjr]
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. m#RJRuZ|2V
53. A. none g-d{"ZXd J
B. few VmPh''Z%-
C. any raPOF6-_rH
D. some >t cEx(
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 IXa~,a H71
全部倒装 l6HtZ(
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” mv8H :T
There stand big buildings in this district. e*}zl>f
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. > U?\WgE$
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) >E J{ *
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. w CL n iCt
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