（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 fw1 g;;E
1. 充当句子的状语。 nUvxO `2
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 8?r
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3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 }$ Am;%?p
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) Dyj5a($9"{
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. rE
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b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. rs R0V+(W
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). ?b~V uo
真题剖析 /0mbG !Ac
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. ^V~r S8]gj
45. A. For 8uX1('+T*
B. As @hiwq 7
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C. With wvm`JOP:A
D. Because Y$ ;C@I
练习： u4=j!Zb8}
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. F}A@H<?
8. A. is
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B. having # a
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C. being z$E+x
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D. be dm& F1NkT
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 9
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虚拟语气(2) QH6L b%]/
1. (should)+动词原形 DEaO= p|
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 d(w
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It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 c@:
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It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 5f 7; pS<
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 @YP\!#"8
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 0i9y-32-
would rather +动词过去式 &3>ki0L
真题剖析 =
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(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … zGu(y@o
47. A. do [zK|OMxoV
B. did 9tXLC|yl?
C. don’t ,qpn4`zE~
D. didn’t Nm#VA.~
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. X",fp
53. A. ordered y%=\E
B. pleaded 1^ R @X
C. decided //:.k#} ~B
D. demanded /Yc!m$uCW
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. =+97VO(w]G
15. A. took 1#Dpj.cO#
B. would take 4>{q("r,
C. will take `Qv7a
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D. should take Uq~{=hMX
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. ;Mc\ >i/
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) 6t
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54.A. shall ]}8<h5h)
B.will $B*E k>EK
C.would \) DP(wC
D.should 6/T
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（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词
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动名词、分词、不定式。 22`W*e @6h
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) oU$Niw9f
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) z6B/H2
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 0lF[N.!\9
真题剖析 0MF
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(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. fr;>`u[;
60. A. dropped qWGnIPk
B. to drop x$J1%K*
C. dropping X7?p$!M6;B
D.drops ~{0:`)2FQ
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. \^iJv
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59. A. destructive IwKhun
B. dissatisfied I(#Y\>DG
C. damaged KIC5U50J
D. derivative
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（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 93XTumpV
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 '+?AaR&p?
How you got there doesn’t concern me. <M B]W`5
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. $]%;u: Sa
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 @ JZ I
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. [!]a'
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3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 #M$[C d
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4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 gYA|JFi
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). R5g -b2Lm
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 h8Q+fHDYv
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. wdS^`nz|
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) b4Br!PL@G
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) %I9{)'+@x
He no less than John is interested in literature. Bq.@Cx
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7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) gS _)(
Either my father or my brothers are coming. 4*}[h9J}\
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 rmu5K$pl
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. _G|hK k^,
真题剖析 ym9Z:2g
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. E0 !}~Z)
53. A. none K#rfQ0QK/!
B. few 7Ab&C&3
C. any RbzSQr>a \
D. some -G e5g
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（五）考博英语语法：倒装 (+6 8s9XS7
全部倒装 J( J sfU4
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” , (dg]7
There stand big buildings in this district. \ZX5dFu0
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. ?%%
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2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) Se<]g$eK?5
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. l* >t@:2J
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