2016考博英语语法详解汇总

（一）考博英语语法：独立主格    　　 YB7n}r23  
　　1. 充当句子的状语。 ;W|NG3_y  
　　2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 k:Y\i]#yP  
　　3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 fMg9h9U  
　　4.　With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) zUL,~u  
　　例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. Hs'~)
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　　b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. G|f9l?p  
　　c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). zplv.cf#q  
　　真题剖析 6!"wiM"]  
　　(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are　 46　 of the material which would　47　feed them. cyJ{AS+  
　　45. A. For h8asj0  
　　B. As 2$5"
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　　C. With XLt/$Caf  
　　D. Because  RbTG AA  
　　练习： bpwA|H%{M  
　　Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. 'Gl~P><e  
　　8. A. is >|A,rE^Ojt  
　　B. having ]6^<VC`5D  
　　C. being 1v]%FC`  
　　D. be )~wKRyQff  
　　（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 Fn@`Bi?#q  
　　虚拟语气(2) oL@-<;zKO  
　　1. (should)+动词原形 '_G\_h}5  
　　It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 qX-ptsQ  
　　It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 y
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　　It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 =4eJ@EVM  
　　部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 ~gd #cL%  
　　2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 gU
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　　would rather +动词过去式 60!%^ O =  
　　真题剖析 "TJu<O"2  
　　(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I　47　say that teaching is hard work . … N x&/p$d  
　　47. A. do Rsfb?${0G  
　　B. did o4kLgY !Q  
　　C. don’t <l5i%?  
　　D. didn’t 6]?%1HSi  
　　(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration　52 , and they　　53　that the professor be sent home. 8D )nM|  
　　53. A. ordered ,~d0R4)  
　　B. pleaded 5j`xSG  
　　C. decided M(I%y 0  
　　D. demanded O%T?+1E  
　　练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that 　　we__15__ this message to heart. {Ge{@1  
　　15. A. took * hs&^G  
　　B. would take z
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　　C. will take AabQ)23R2  
　　D. should take P5<9;PPbZ  
　　(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. ,'|J  
　　(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) &TH
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　　54.A. shall @A1f#Ed<
 
　　B.will _X4Y1zh  
　　C.would 2PlhnUQ7  
　　D.should 1VgGF^cYR  
　　（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 xvO
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　　动名词、分词、不定式。 eC!=4_lx)  
　　主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) ?y-^Fq|h  
　　发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) NuQ!huh  
　　To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 :01d9|#  
　　真题剖析 e(8hSVcl4  
　　(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies　60　into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. xT+_JT65  
　　60. A. dropped inGUN??  
　　B. to drop XH?//.q  
　　C. dropping ircF3P>a?  
　　D.drops sjy
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　　(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a　59　life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining 　　relationships, from developing in human ways. \t!~s^Oox  
　　59. A. destructive 8 MO-QO  
　　B. dissatisfied b-<0\@`Z#  
　　C. damaged _;k<=ns(=  
　　D. derivative \78E>(`'  
　　（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 SI!A?34  
　　1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 F{ %*(U  
　　How you got there doesn’t concern me. C
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　　Growing vegetables needs constant watering. ,\6Vb*G|E>  
　　2.　表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 +aOdaNcI  
　　Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. L?h?LZnq  
　　3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 iO$87!  
　　4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 %V>%AP  
　　Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). }MQ:n8  
　　5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 \U$:/#1Oe  
　　Everyone knows that you’ve come here. 76tn`4NIP  
　　If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.　　(--thing 的情况例外) x-[ItJ% l  
　　6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) xF[%R{Mn'  
　　He no less than John is interested in literature. M.Yp
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　　7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) @5^&&4>N  
　　Either my father or my brothers are coming. xh2r?K@k>  
　　8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 uN)c!='I  
　　Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. u+j\PWOtm  
　　真题剖析 :IZAdlz[@  
　　(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year,　54 of urbanization ever recorded. +VkL?J  
　　53. A. none -$:;en?  
　　B. few w1tM !4r  
　　C. any e{E\YEc  
　　D. some dL$ iTSfz"  
　　（五）考博英语语法：倒装 }<^mUG  
　　全部倒装 |*c1S -#  
　　1. “There (Here) +be+主语” T_D3WHp  
　　There stand big buildings in this district. 1b~21n  
　　Here on the desk lies a pile of books. p-iFe\+  
　　2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) h^ Cm
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　　In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. V*@aE  
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