（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 ?pL|eS7
1. 充当句子的状语。 5!0iK9O
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 8)B
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3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 yoE- a
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) KdNo'*;U]_
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. VPCI5mS_
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. <O
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c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). t
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真题剖析 !~^2Mu(X
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. gx\V)8Zr
45. A. For \Z*:l(
B. As a%q,P @8
C. With _ z_YJ7A>
D. Because ^!['\
练习： Kq 7r+ A
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. /%YW[oY{V
8. A. is H UJqB0D
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B. having a-5UG#o
C. being 8~ y!X0Ov!
D. be )\U:e:Z ae
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 =i~
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虚拟语气(2) l,n_G/\
1. (should)+动词原形 'O%*:'5k
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 XT0-"-q
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 {\Pk;M {Y&
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 !&%KJS6p4
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 Yjg$o:M
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 9G6)ja?W
would rather +动词过去式 P IG,a~
真题剖析 e KP >} `
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … c
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47. A. do M:O*_>KF
B. did HSud$(w
C. don’t DzC`yWstP
D. didn’t =K@LEZZ'/<
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. WjB ml'^RY
53. A. ordered X8}r=
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B. pleaded kwi$ %
C. decided k r$)nf
D. demanded n6[shXH
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. >MJ %6A>
15. A. took 28JVW3&)
B. would take +@$VJM%^7b
C. will take Ov" wcJ
D. should take padV|hF3(e
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. ~N /%R>(v
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) [\F:NLjiUy
54.A. shall Qc33C A
B.will (muJ-~CJk
C.would "P.sK huo
D.should tzl,r "k3
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 }?b\/l <
动名词、分词、不定式。 lBn<\Y!^
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) e_Zs4\^ef
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) 6n:X
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To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 $_%
真题剖析 \>T1&JT
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. Y&VypZ" G>
60. A. dropped c[1{>z {G
B. to drop qZQm*q(jM
C. dropping Fpt
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D.drops qHrIs-NR
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. [)Ia Xa
59. A. destructive m Gz'%?zj
B. dissatisfied zv1,DnkqF
C. damaged cLp9|y0r
D. derivative \#h=pz+jb
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 yl <=_Q
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 ),<h6$
How you got there doesn’t concern me. PC=s:`Y}R
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. 8=\k<X{`
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 J( ~xU0gd'
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. }WQ:Rmi
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 6{Bvl[mhI
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 $ YBH;^#
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). F7p`zf@O]
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 -r_ Pp} s
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. ZDr TPnA[
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) lZ+ 1 A0e
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) %MfT5*||f
He no less than John is interested in literature. _i"[m(ABj1
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) _*(:6,8
Either my father or my brothers are coming. [yAR%]i-7
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 3'Z+PPd!
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. (7aE!r\Ab
真题剖析 V> eJ
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. 8j %lM/ v
53. A. none dZbG#4oO
B. few %hzNkyD)Y
C. any #KSB%
D. some "_&HM4%!
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 -aMwC5iR@
全部倒装 jd DcmR
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” dv \ oVD
There stand big buildings in this district. (aH_K07
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. Q ?W 6
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) ">RDa<H]
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. 80M4~'3
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