（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 uJizR
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1. 充当句子的状语。 e_SlM=_ u
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 bm L NR
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 V#gXchH[L
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) O?_
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例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. -zt\we qA
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. N ~Gh >{N
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). &
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真题剖析
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(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. s*;~CH-[
45. A. For eF9LZ"-s
B. As `?:'_K i
C. With I`|>'$E[ r
D. Because R)v`ZF,/b
练习： ()iJv f>@
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. < mxUgU
8. A. is Aq-v3$XL
B. having wBf
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C. being U[ed#9l>
D. be ; - 3M
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 " H({kmR
虚拟语气(2) -`( :L[
1. (should)+动词原形 975KRnj
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 L:31toGK
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 *ULXJZ%
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 8 n56rOW!
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 2iUF%>
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 N7[~Y2i
would rather +动词过去式 %Z .!Bm:
真题剖析 Y{jhT^tKK
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … uaS?y1:
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47. A. do DP?gozm
B. did cD 1p5U
C. don’t @? t) UE
D. didn’t g3y44G CV
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. qU}[( 9~Ru
53. A. ordered 4"GY0)
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B. pleaded A;% fAI2Vr
C. decided my Po&"_ x
D. demanded Y,+$vj:y8
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. y+c+ / L8
15. A. took A lrk3I3{
B. would take gG#M-2 P
C. will take /m%;wH|6%
D. should take
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(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. lK{h%2A\b
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) [z/O Y&kF
54.A. shall q$\KE4v "
B.will H=*;3 gM,'
C.would /W fpA\4S
D.should d}Q;CF3 m:
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 ]@_*O$
动名词、分词、不定式。 6z~6o 0s~
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) M-eX>}CDm
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) ?v6xa Vg:
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 'v?Z~"w=
真题剖析 PKmr5FB
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. 6?r}bs6Msx
60. A. dropped @2V#bK
B. to drop iXI > >9
C. dropping G8j$&1`:
D.drops ih~ R?W
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. N
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59. A. destructive %R."
B. dissatisfied udgf{1EB&2
C. damaged uvi+# 4 ~G
D. derivative z`XX[9 $qm
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 DYx3 NDX7
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 oUoDj'JN{
How you got there doesn’t concern me. @w?hX K=
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. ^i:%0"[*^i
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 D&#wn.0|E
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. DJR_"8
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 f<?v
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4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 "&W8 0,O3
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). @p"m{
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 GUSEbIz):
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. ;<hLy(@
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) 54r/s#|-3
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) ](-zt9,
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He no less than John is interested in literature. (l}W\iB' d
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) Cl& YN}t5
Either my father or my brothers are coming. grrM[Y7#~b
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 *M
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Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. ~HBQQt
真题剖析 e*)*__$O
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. j]P'xrWl]8
53. A. none y!eT>4Oyg
B. few ;S0Kf{DN2
C. any 4 '"C8vw.
D. some #|8Ia:=s
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 5Q7Z$A1a
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全部倒装 SR_<3WW
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” wAD%1;
There stand big buildings in this district. q<[m(]:
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. 'Y2ImSWj
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) !{q_ Q !
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. R`KlG/Tk
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