（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 lb-1z]YwQ
1. 充当句子的状语。 !wfW0?eu
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 3
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3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 J~k9jeq9
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) e"nm< &
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. MEiP&=gX!
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. F)LbH& Kn
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). <-umeY"n>
真题剖析 4+RR`I8$Ge
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. o}OY,P
45. A. For $ F2Uv\7=
B. As ^,>w` 8
C. With HEF
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D. Because {>f"&I<xw
练习： k{}> *pCU
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. r
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8. A. is a5 D|#9
B. having m8q4t ,<J
C. being < RGH+4LF
D. be (%my:\>l
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 `2mddx8
虚拟语气(2) Bm$|XS3cD
1. (should)+动词原形 U\KMeaF5e-
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 |N.2iN:
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 VW-q Qe
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 FlqGexY5
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 6_C P?X+T
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 m2(>K Mbi
would rather +动词过去式 E9:@H ;Gc
真题剖析 ARKM[]
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … |cvU2JI@
47. A. do sPH 2KwEv
B. did OUX7
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C. don’t V=O52?8
D. didn’t h0{X$&:
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. slQ n
53. A. ordered u47<J ?!Q
B. pleaded @DN /]P
C. decided p.DQ|
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D. demanded ,81%8r
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. J'44j ;5&
15. A. took ;%t Fi
B. would take kiTC)S=])
C. will take ]aX@(3G1s
D. should take m1$tf
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(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. RSX27fb4
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) C6!F6Stn]g
54.A. shall dlu*s(O"
B.will O?uICnmi6
C.would I)HO/i 6>3
D.should *z0 !=>(
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 N
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动名词、分词、不定式。 J8ni}\f
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) ; !n>
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) x,B] J4
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 7KC>?F
真题剖析 > 0^<<=m
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. d NACE*g;q
60. A. dropped q BEp |V
B. to drop nrac )W
C. dropping IJ^~ , +
D.drops p2vN=[g9)
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. =p5 DT
59. A. destructive PTe L3L
B. dissatisfied :i.@d?
C. damaged r:*G{ m-
D. derivative kwjO5 OC8
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 c BxGGggB
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 " U\RN
How you got there doesn’t concern me. z33UER"
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. 4H{t6t@
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2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 \^)i!@v
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. 8(1*,CJQg
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 ]az(w&vqg2
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 T^v76 3%
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). |A&;m}(Mt
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 K43 %9=sM
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. s~M$Wo8
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) K_YrdA)6
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) =gVMt
He no less than John is interested in literature. H^d?(Svh
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) [F6 )Z[uG
Either my father or my brothers are coming. D Q.4 b
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 ?%,LZw^[
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. p/Pus;*s
真题剖析 wAHuPQ&_Q
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. @2E52$zu
53. A. none !)bZ.1o
B. few gmVN(K}SR5
C. any /43l}6I
D. some cZVx4y%kz
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 }u8(7
全部倒装 'KH+e#?Ar
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” f1vD{M ;
There stand big buildings in this district. >h aihT
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. 0OO[@Ht
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) ^6 wWv&G[8
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. y ksnsHs}d
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