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主题 : 2016考博英语语法详解汇总
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楼主  发表于: 2015-10-30   

2016考博英语语法详解汇总

(一)考博英语语法:独立主格       J Je?Zu\  
  1. 充当句子的状语。 v\gCgx=%j  
  2. 有自己的主语,同句子的主语不一致。 2~BId&]  
  3. 名词(代词,形容词,副词,介词)+ 分词 p"XQJUuD  
  4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) cr_Q,*  
  例:a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. #Kp/A N5YC  
  b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. 4lqow g0  
  c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). ,'69RL?-Wg  
  真题剖析 !ENb \'>J>  
  (1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are  46  of the material which would 47 feed them. .sk$@Q  
  45. A. For xo46L\  
  B. As SmJ6Fm6  
  C. With <Hq|<^_K  
  D. Because t6)wR  
  练习: 'nFqq:2Xa  
  Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. Y :0SrB!\  
  8. A. is XNU[\I  
  B. having `Al5(0Q  
  C. being k 8;  
  D. be ttwfWfX  
  (二)考博英语语法:虚拟语气 4?AggqW  
  虚拟语气(2) JKkR963 O  
  1. (should)+动词原形 xM/B"SG2  
  It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 cI O7RD$8  
  It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 T`;>Kq:s  
  It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 )bqfj>%#c  
  部分名词/动词(表示建议,劝告,决定等) +that从句 0.~Pzg  
  2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 ' y [eH  
  would rather +动词过去式 z~/z>_y$nv  
  真题剖析 ov=[g l  
  (1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … Wh:SZa|  
  47. A. do }' mBqn  
  B. did 6BihZ|H04  
  C. don’t LsnM5GU7  
  D. didn’t 99@uU[&IJ  
  (1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they  53 that the professor be sent home. M%dXy^e  
  53. A. ordered m ?a&XZ  
  B. pleaded 4+od N.  
  C. decided vr|9NP]v  
  D. demanded a W`q  
  练习:Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that   we__15__ this message to heart. G}d-L!YbE'  
  15. A. took Jp EE'#r|  
  B. would take 7u!i)<pn  
  C. will take ,F7W_f# @3  
  D. should take hHsCr@i  
  (2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. l+'@y (}Q  
  (even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) :?s~,G_*l  
  54.A. shall Kv'2^B  
  B.will ab!, )^  
  C.would b-8{bP]n  
  D.should \WG6\Zg0A  
  (三)考博英语语法:非谓语动词 cF9bSY_Eh  
  动名词、分词、不定式。 PG<tic<?  
  主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) hA.?19<Z  
  发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) bI 3o|  
  To在什么情况下作介词,什么情况下作不定式引导词。 v /{LC4BF  
  真题剖析 nqNL[w6{  
  (2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. CM+Nm(|\,  
  60. A. dropped 'M>QA"*48E  
  B. to drop duCxYhh|  
  C. dropping z^z_!@7v   
  D.drops =e2|:Ba!  
  (2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining   relationships, from developing in human ways. +eSNwR=  
  59. A. destructive dWbSrl  
  B. dissatisfied RKoM49W  
  C. damaged ~.99H  
  D. derivative hK F*{, '  
  (四)考博英语语法:主谓一致 {"T$j V:GB  
  1. 整体及抽象概念作主语,谓语通常用单数形式。 %5#ts/f  
  How you got there doesn’t concern me. eT33&: n4  
  Growing vegetables needs constant watering. ~d]X@(G&  
  2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语,谓语多用单数。 \ ng!qN  
  Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. )Il) H  
  3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等),谓语通常用单数形式。 }+/j/es{]  
  4. “分数或百分数+主语”,谓语跟主语保持一致。 g\_J  
  Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). T1,Nb>gBq^  
  5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语,谓语用单数。 ^3re*u4b=  
  Everyone knows that you’ve come here. 9e5XS\  
  If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.  (--thing 的情况例外) ^n Gj 7b  
  6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) }7?n\I+n"  
  He no less than John is interested in literature. {A<pb{<u  
  7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) yN-o?[o  
  Either my father or my brothers are coming. Qy0Zj$,Z  
  8. each,every,many a, no …+主语,谓语用单数。 `"@Pr,L   
  Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. 1ym^G0"s  
  真题剖析 qPal'c0  
  (2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. tqo k.h  
  53. A. none 'PO+P~|oa&  
  B. few K=Q<G:+&V  
  C. any hIBW$  
  D. some .VD:FFkW  
  (五)考博英语语法:倒装 oU|yBs1  
  全部倒装 {>EM=ZZfg  
  1. “There (Here) +be+主语” ~F)[H'$A  
  There stand big buildings in this district. h7? uM^p  
  Here on the desk lies a pile of books. Nqy)jfyex  
  2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆,如it blew up.) M\m6|P  
  In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. [hhPkJf|f  
fx74h{3u  
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