（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 9w9 jp e#
1. 充当句子的状语。 fw oQ' &
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 y8Vp Fa
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 @\&m+;6
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) jL)WPq!m+
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. bqanFQj
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. a?yMHb{F
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). ^I KO2Ft
真题剖析 &'l>rD^o
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. g PC*b+
45. A. For )} DUMq7
B. As Ifk# /d
C. With /v095H@
D. Because o;b0m;~
练习： Gu=ST b
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. ? muzU.h"z
8. A. is %LXM+<N8
B. having ]*O/+
C. being ] 4+s$rG
D. be .k TG[)F0b
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 b]E|*
虚拟语气(2) )m3q2W
1. (should)+动词原形 *`(
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It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 reo{*) %
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 c62 =* ] ,
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 _w@qr\4i=
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 3cj3 u4y
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 yV)m
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would rather +动词过去式 <lr *ZSNY
真题剖析 [6jbgW~E
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … HxK$ 4I`
47. A. do &Bx
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B. did KC e13!
C. don’t S{',QO*D6
D. didn’t ># +IaKL7
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. }awzO#
53. A. ordered (3\Xy
B. pleaded >k']T/%
C. decided 57F%j3.|/
D. demanded /R
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练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. 3+M B5 T
15. A. took S)He$B$pp
B. would take 9^P2I)aD
C. will take '+<(;2Z
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D. should take `,wu}F85
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. ') +0nPV
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) {5c] Mn"r
54.A. shall ~;- 9X |
B.will "rXOsX\;
C.would IL7`0cN(
D.should :ZdU x
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 6FfOH<\z6i
动名词、分词、不定式。 8YY|;\F)J~
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) HU
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发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) \ zXlN
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 ~WVO
真题剖析 ]/]ju$l9Z
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. Bt^K]F\
60. A. dropped %@& a7JOL
B. to drop Mjpo 1dw
C. dropping L^9HH)Jc
D.drops pL oy
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. V7C oZnz
59. A. destructive _|c&@M
B. dissatisfied 5#:pT
C. damaged Dxx;v .$
D. derivative p(3sgY1
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 :x>T}C<Y
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 L0Vgo
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How you got there doesn’t concern me. _45cH{$sA
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. _&{%Wc5W~F
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 Yt1mB[&f^
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. ='Oj4T
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 Z-Wfcnk
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 +!>L Y
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). UKB_Yy^Y
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 W04av_u 5
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. T`L }[?w
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) VZxTx0: ,
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) v +q<BYq
He no less than John is interested in literature. 9 pKm*n&
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) ")\aJ8
Either my father or my brothers are coming. D nyYMe!r
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 \ XH@b 6{
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. XoL[
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真题剖析 =:K@zlO:
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. }""p)Y&
53. A. none 8fO8Dob]\Y
B. few 9]~PC Z2j
C. any pDDG_4E>
D. some _
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（五）考博英语语法：倒装 z-Hkz
全部倒装 *F
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1. “There (Here) +be+主语” "P dvmur
There stand big buildings in this district. Q]i[.ME
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. 6
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2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) 75 Fp[Q-
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. Yf ( im
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