（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 $YDZtS&h
1. 充当句子的状语。 2N]u!S ;d
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 U^_'e_)
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 w, 0tY=h6
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) OCy\aCp
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. @Z$ `c{V<
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. 0x'-\)v>3
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). 2A3;#v
真题剖析 '" }|'J
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. rl)(4ad=
45. A. For s{q)m@
B. As 9IL#\:d1
C. With OwIW;8Z
D. Because bhXH<=
练习： &J|3uY,'j
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. 9GS<d.#Nvc
8. A. is jY-i`rJN
B. having TX{
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C. being OVO0Emv
D. be 6 G"AP~|0
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 ).eT~e
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虚拟语气(2) Er F;5 ec
1. (should)+动词原形 e , zR
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 ]?,47,[<
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 TyMR m
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 ) rD] y2^<
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 !TY4C`/
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 gcr,?rE<
would rather +动词过去式 +-,Q>`
真题剖析 i o
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(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … KtHh--j`
47. A. do q
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B. did ,oDZ:";
C. don’t W<;i~
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D. didn’t @{.rDz
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. 1o o'\
53. A. ordered c[< lr
B. pleaded ~/[cZY @
C. decided >0+m
D. demanded 2Iz@lrO6
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. }K;@$B6,@
15. A. took 3z:
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B. would take F$ Us! NN
C. will take BmU
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D. should take 7* ^\mycv
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. fJO U1%
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) j3`:;'L
54.A. shall ]G&?e9OA
B.will D 8h ?s
C.would D.qbzJz
D.should nP'ab_>b
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 zDa*n:S
动名词、分词、不定式。 :@_CQc*yB
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) nU mA
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been)
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To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 ZH_ J+
真题剖析 '4HwS$mW3
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. 5/:Z j,41{
60. A. dropped
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B. to drop kf>'AbN
C. dropping rVQ:7\=Z
D.drops /CKkT. Le
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. Ow/ /#:
59. A. destructive U <4<8'
B. dissatisfied LdWeI
C. damaged uT]_pKm
D. derivative Vl^jTX5N
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 L=Dx$#|
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 ~ D3'-,n[
How you got there doesn’t concern me. nkN ]z
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Growing vegetables needs constant watering. c~R ElL
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。
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Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. 3w{ i5gGn
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 &lI.N ~Ao
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 ~Gwn||g78
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). G-"#3{~2
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 d UjdQ
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. >@ H:+0h-
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) qV iky=/-
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) 2vj)3%:7#E
He no less than John is interested in literature. ?1PY]KNaK
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等)
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Either my father or my brothers are coming. 7qL]_u[^
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 )%ja6Vg
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. hCr7%`
真题剖析 o`RTvG Xk
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. 0dIJgKanGP
53. A. none BIcE3}dS8
B. few qQpR gzw
C. any p(0!TC
Bs
D. some
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（五）考博英语语法：倒装 H.i_,ZF
全部倒装 [eWB
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1. “There (Here) +be+主语” _v2FXm
There stand big buildings in this district. 8s wj'SjX
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. ]^Q`CiKd
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) U4LOe}Ny
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. %X [|7D-
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