（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 a4&Aw7"X
1. 充当句子的状语。 :i>If:>g
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 Nw yNl
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 E N rcIZ
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) #%g>^i={ky
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. oA?EJ ~%
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. &B\ sG=
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). : %>)S
真题剖析 e2yCWolmTS
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. s:3b. *t<
45. A. For 14DhJUV"b
B. As HR ;I}J 9
C. With jyB
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D. Because U$ 46=F|
练习： qKr xln/T
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. ]$=# :uf
8. A. is 4]#$YehM5
B. having ~ dk9 7Z8
C. being ~F8xXW0
D. be 2u$rloc$b
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 h5(Ojl MC
虚拟语气(2) z'7XGO'Lo
1. (should)+动词原形 (vp#?-i
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 ] GO=8$Z
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 bz}-[W+
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 c]n"1YNm
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 loC~wm%Ql
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 _M+7)[xj=
would rather +动词过去式 Y::O*I 2
真题剖析 7MGvw-Tpb7
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … A'.= SA2.Y
47. A. do e^'|<0J
B. did =^Sx
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C. don’t Tw7]
D. didn’t Cv}^]_`Q
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. ,ga6
53. A. ordered 2WTOu x *
B. pleaded 0
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C. decided QZtQogNy#
D. demanded v` {N0 R
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. Le:(;:eL>t
15. A. took Sg4{IU
B. would take yYaoA/0
C. will take Mc < u?H
D. should take WN<g _8QR
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. 9Msy=qvYG
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) R|v'+ bv
54.A. shall yIrJaS-
B.will c!_c, vwrn
C.would
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D.should Pc_aEBq
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 7 @
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动名词、分词、不定式。 !
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主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) :
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发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) D:;idUO
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 dH!z<~
真题剖析 xC,x_:R`
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. i=cST8!8N
60. A. dropped 3iIy_n WC
B. to drop Aeb(b+=
C. dropping b:D92pH
D.drops v6s,lC5qR
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. 0Gc@ AG{
59. A. destructive 1^4:l!0D
B. dissatisfied ^>?=L\[
C. damaged 3o %vV*
D. derivative pA 6KiY &
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 yQE'
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1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 b,E ?{uG
How you got there doesn’t concern me. y
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Growing vegetables needs constant watering. A^>@6d $2
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 V0=%$tH
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. d )O^(y1r
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 =~GP;=6
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 [O
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Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). YV<y-,Io
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 U`%t&7)
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. z3jk xWAZ
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) X0VS a{
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) D%p* G5Bg3
He no less than John is interested in literature. >
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7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) m G jB{Q+
Either my father or my brothers are coming. 9 {&g.+
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 P:"R;YCvE
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. >fH0>W+!
真题剖析 ABN4kM>%
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded.
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53. A. none eV[{c %wN:
B. few N1a]y/
C. any J~m$7T3Af
D. some T/_u;My;
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 rwRZGd *p
全部倒装 c/|{yp$Ga>
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” i#[8I-OtN/
There stand big buildings in this district. o,*m,Qc
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. ;@wa\H[3v2
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) DYf QlA
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. \ 'm7un
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