（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 iq?T&44&
1. 充当句子的状语。 x!vyjp
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 `p1B58deC
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 i(.V`G=
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) W}
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例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. n%G[Y^^
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b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. k.2GIc:5
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). eK5~gnv,
真题剖析 mPqK k
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. ?'|GGtvm
45. A. For MK @rx6<9
B. As :?LNP3}
C. With +5I'? _{V
D. Because {T,}]oX
练习： KKb7dZbt<
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. gdoaXw;Sy
8. A. is nUVk;0at
B. having 7lAJ
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C. being 1{]S[\F]
D. be R.l !KIq
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 7fzH(H
虚拟语气(2) #O,w{S
1. (should)+动词原形 i92Z`jiR
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 t2.jg?`k
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 \6 .dGKK
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 ;;rx)|\<R
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 xluA jOQ6
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 f\=,_AQ
would rather +动词过去式 vN@04a\h
真题剖析 Z,\(bW
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(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … 23K#9!3
47. A. do b "}ya/
B. did s! yD%zO
C. don’t QhAYCw2
D. didn’t a #s
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(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. nehk8+eV_
53. A. ordered e.(d?/!F_
B. pleaded Sx Bo%
C. decided )' ,dP)b
D. demanded #Q_<eo%lI*
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. CI \O)iB
15. A. took $:-C9N29
B. would take "]'W^Fg
C. will take '& gUAt
D. should take ZD$I-33W
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. ;F71f#iY
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) {\VsM#K6
54.A. shall \MmB+'f&R
B.will cZrJW
C.would
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D.should 6OQ\f,h @
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 JE$ $6X
动名词、分词、不定式。 ,s@S `KS0
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) l a]Zk
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) H66~!J0;a
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 :
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真题剖析 *s2 C+@ef
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. %V!!S #W
60. A. dropped j{/wG::
B. to drop :ZM=P3QZ
C. dropping 5y~B/.YY
D.drops B|;?#okx
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. :{Iv
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59. A. destructive Ftu d6
B. dissatisfied oT}Sh4Wt.
C. damaged 4&`d$K
D. derivative /"1[qT\F
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 |X~vsM0
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 q&wv{
How you got there doesn’t concern me. GsE
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Growing vegetables needs constant watering. Psjk
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2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 ;AarpUw'
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. \3j4=K'nE
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 pi
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4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 ]5eZLXM
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). FzFP 0
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 V%J_iY/BUb
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. ~NO'8 Mr
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) sH)40QmO{
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) 4({Wipd
He no less than John is interested in literature. _We4%
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) |DoD.?v
Either my father or my brothers are coming. *3!ixDX[r
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 YR68'
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Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. G/}nwj\
真题剖析 k.#[h@Pm
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. xy<)zKp
53. A. none s!K9-qZl<
B. few 1VO>Bh.Wm
C. any 0 [SrRpD
D. some ] Y6y ]u
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 T#R*]
全部倒装 \ >|:URnD
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” =doOt 7Rj
There stand big buildings in this district. YU% U
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. jD'$nKpg
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) FKu^{'Y6E0
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. Ng<oz*>U
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