（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 | /RZGC4
1. 充当句子的状语。 $2v{4WP7G
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 hLSas#B>
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 u85Uy
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4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) =@ed {~
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. MM/D 5g
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. ET=-r
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). $s 9YU"
真题剖析 ,uhOf! |
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. `< cn
45. A. For vt2A/9_Z%
B. As sG k'G573
C. With N ._&\fHY
D. Because mRD '@n
练习： a L0,=g%
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. i{nFk',xX
8. A. is %D<>F&h
B. having b#{[Pk,w9
C. being &6#Ft]6~
D. be 5>"X?U }He
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 !I[|\ 4j
虚拟语气(2) ~_hn{Ou s
1. (should)+动词原形 0%GQXiy
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 t8upS
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It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 )Vnqz
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It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 tG( !d$^
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 H D {2nZT
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 u(g0Ob
would rather +动词过去式 rIZ^ix-N
真题剖析 -jQM h
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … -k"5GUc|
47. A. do zDx*R3%
B. did d{G*1l(X
C. don’t
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D. didn’t KO5!
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(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. jK9#.
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53. A. ordered ^OnZ9?C{R
B. pleaded ftwn<B
C. decided 5Cjh%rj(jl
D. demanded A/w7 (
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. wwD?i.3
15. A. took IIIP <nyc
B. would take kKEs >a
C. will take :o+&>z
D. should take ;ro%Wjg`}
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. q}0xQjpo
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) b'$fr6"O1
54.A. shall >* >}d%
B.will ]'!$T72
C.would 1&Ruz[F5
D.should
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（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 Ir :y#
动名词、分词、不定式。 T? Y/0znB*
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) 0$A7"^]
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) + Ssu^ >D
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 G~N$bF^R)
真题剖析 ?3| jB?:k
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. 2GC{+*
60. A. dropped TM2pE/P
B. to drop +(l(|lQy$
C. dropping ipdGAG
D.drops CZ4Nw]dtR
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. (f `zd.
59. A. destructive k2 Y *
B. dissatisfied w9 Z,3J6r
C. damaged L OX}
D. derivative LZF %bJv
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 nTQ &nu!
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 i^2-PKPg{
How you got there doesn’t concern me. |];f?1
Growing vegetables needs constant watering.
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2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 z3l(4W P
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. NGq@x%T
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 -jdhdh
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 V~! lY\
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). sm9 /sX!
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 lJIcU
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Everyone knows that you’ve come here. `y0u(m5
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) 7wB*@a-
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) Z0#&D&2sV
He no less than John is interested in literature. $3c9iVK~_
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) QuWW a|g^.
Either my father or my brothers are coming. >pRC$'Usx
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 :HW\awv
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. Wkj0z ]]?
真题剖析 )p!.V( ,
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. v-ZTl4j$
53. A. none Zc|V7 +Yx
B. few DqN<bu2
C. any s=[T ,:Z
D. some J_`a}ox
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 )~2~q7
全部倒装 >O$ JS,
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” ]T X"BH"2
There stand big buildings in this district. gUWW}*\ U
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. ?(R !BB
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) Bj *\)lG<
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. {v>8Kp7_ R
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