（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 l\!`Z hM,
1. 充当句子的状语。 Xc&J.Tw#4*
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 69t6lB#;!
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 b8[
ayy
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) =L;g:hc<
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. `uqe[u;`6
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. ^f 0-w`D
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). ) r"7" i
真题剖析 BAG#YZB
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. %|ioNXMu
45. A. For _`
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B. As .Q{VY]
B^
C. With _bv9/# tR
D. Because 2_Zn?#G8dl
练习： 0IHAoV60
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. vrh2}biCR
8. A. is i3) 7Qa[
B. having HIvSh6|0p
C. being };'~@%U]/
D. be 9)n3f^,Oj*
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 dIA1\;@
虚拟语气(2) 5kH U'D
1. (should)+动词原形 c0_5
12
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 /N ")uuv
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 %][zn$aa|
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 Z4{N|h?
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 4F!%mMq
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 >
lI2r }
would rather +动词过去式 &x@N5j5Q
真题剖析 %+(fdk-k+
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … ?}S~cgL -
47. A. do `2j"Z.=
B. did eMP0BS"
C. don’t 6rlM\k@!
D. didn’t
:Z6l)R+V
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. (%fSJCBl[P
53. A. ordered awLSY: JI
B. pleaded #qEU
GD `
C. decided JycC\s+%E
D. demanded l 1BAW$
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. wFJ *2W:
15. A. took #BIY[{!
B. would take Fl\kt.G
C. will take G.^^zm sM`
D. should take // #]CsFiP
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. $
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(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) !6J+#
54.A. shall O5JG!bGE_F
B.will zH
*7!)8
C.would F&OcI.OTXF
D.should De49!{\a
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 djDE0-QxcR
动名词、分词、不定式。 Jx8DVjy
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) ahw 0}S
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) 3`ze<K((
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 {InW%qSn_
真题剖析 NOtwgZ-
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. =CL h<&
60. A. dropped FNXVd/{M3
B. to drop ,u
C. dropping bE" J &;|
D.drops ?WrL<?r)}U
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. s1zkkLw`*
59. A. destructive QtfLJ5vi
B. dissatisfied b pfSe
C. damaged uF ]+i^+
D. derivative #M8>)o c
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 O9)k)A]`O
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 ZHc;8|}
How you got there doesn’t concern me. 6
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Growing vegetables needs constant watering.
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2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 J i:0J} ,m
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. Q9
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3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 "C [uz&
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 JT 5+d ,
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). ?a-}1A{
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 | b)N;t
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. TWTRMc;z+
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) M.}QXta
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) =_H)5I_\
He no less than John is interested in literature. Jl,\^)DSw
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) }#U3vMx(
Either my father or my brothers are coming. \)9R1zp/x
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 z50f$
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Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. WnC0T5S?U
真题剖析 5V/CY cO
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. 7q:
53. A. none RlTVx :
B. few j<* `?V^
C. any <x2 F5$@
D. some x+5y287#
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 QYTwGThWR
全部倒装 uu582%tiG
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” - dt<w;>W
There stand big buildings in this district. "t" &6\
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. Vl+,OBy
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) *d/]-JN,K
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. =Z(#j5TGvH
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