2016考博英语语法详解汇总

（一）考博英语语法：独立主格    　　 U p1 &(
 
　　1. 充当句子的状语。 NL}) _.Og  
　　2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 XwlAW7lU=  
　　3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 &_Py{Cv@Dw  
　　4.　With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) 3EGQ$  
　　例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. }F=+*-SYZ  
　　b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. 2i+'?.P  
　　c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). +J`EB
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　　真题剖析 E\U6n""]  
　　(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are　 46　 of the material which would　47　feed them. l#8SlRji  
　　45. A. For AF5$U
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　　B. As -i``yf?P  
　　C. With FI,>v`  
　　D. Because p"9
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　　练习： G\8ps~3T  
　　Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. P.bBu  
　　8. A. is I>k>^  
　　B. having y~)rZ-eSB  
　　C. being _=RA-qZ"  
　　D. be g?V>+oMx  
　　（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 w9D<^(_}/  
　　虚拟语气(2) Yk',a$.S  
　　1. (should)+动词原形 Ux_tHyc/  
　　It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 ZKKz?reM'  
　　It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句
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　　It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 [t55Kz*cD  
　　部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 ZM oV!lu  
　　2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 [uxhdR`T  
　　would rather +动词过去式 0RY{y n3  
　　真题剖析 eto3dJ!R  
　　(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I　47　say that teaching is hard work . … j?Ki<MD1  
　　47. A. do D`]Lm24_]  
　　B. did b#h?O}  
　　C. don’t 
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　　D. didn’t %1ofu,%  
　　(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration　52 , and they　　53　that the professor be sent home. aaq{9Y#  
　　53. A. ordered :5X1Tr=A  
　　B. pleaded %FnaS u  
　　C. decided %V-\|cw   
　　D. demanded B<c7&!B  
　　练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that 　　we__15__ this message to heart. Z&W|O>QTl  
　　15. A. took usiv`.  
　　B. would take "&/:"~r  
　　C. will take ?29zcuRaru  
　　D. should take Vm.&JVb  
　　(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. 4,L (  
　　(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) <,qJ%kc  
　　54.A. shall P;[
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　　B.will A#~"G p  
　　C.would WTPp/Nq'  
　　D.should /0QGU4=  
　　（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 %]%.{W\j3  
　　动名词、分词、不定式。 bF %#KSVw  
　　主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) <apsG7(7
 
　　发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) a5WVDh,cR  
　　To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 LLv~yS O  
　　真题剖析 =W)Fa6P3j(  
　　(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies　60　into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. @`2<^-r\  
　　60. A. dropped LXj2gsURu%  
　　B. to drop ]c{Zh?0  
　　C. dropping w
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　　D.drops VKy:e.  
　　(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a　59　life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining 　　relationships, from developing in human ways. [0CoQ5:d?&  
　　59. A. destructive .>>@q!!s!  
　　B. dissatisfied Z"#ysC  
　　C. damaged 2|F.JG^  
　　D. derivative B&A4-w v  
　　（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 qF=D,Dlz  
　　1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 /b,M492  
　　How you got there doesn’t concern me. `),7*gn*)  
　　Growing vegetables needs constant watering. o:#l r{  
　　2.　表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 W>eJGZ<  
　　Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. =]E(iR_&  
　　3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 2D`@$)KL  
　　4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 /s& xI  
　　Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). *% (8z~(\  
　　5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 T8>:@EL-k  
　　Everyone knows that you’ve come here. h8>7si  
　　If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.　　(--thing 的情况例外) s<'^ @Y  
　　6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) CJg &  
　　He no less than John is interested in literature. wl2 rw93  
　　7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) o
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　　Either my father or my brothers are coming. 8lI# D
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　　8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 X;flA*6V  
　　Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. W%b<(T;  
　　真题剖析 *3WK:0  
　　(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year,　54 of urbanization ever recorded. rxCEOG  
　　53. A. none Q6Y1Jr">X  
　　B. few 7^'TU
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　　C. any *c7kB}/  
　　D. some hLGUkG?6G  
　　（五）考博英语语法：倒装 2H;&E1:  
　　全部倒装 lxj_(Uo  
　　1. “There (Here) +be+主语” 2_;.iH 6  
　　There stand big buildings in this district. ^M6v;8EU  
　　Here on the desk lies a pile of books. iN+Dmq5  
　　2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) !I]fNTv
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　　In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. !1+L0,I6  
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