（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 GYj`-t
1. 充当句子的状语。 dX<UruPA
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 ='s2S5#1
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 Lbd _L
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) a r{Yq
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. >$}nKPC,Y
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. !0cfz5t
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). gxJ(u{2
真题剖析 %o~zsIl
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. \4V'NTjB
45. A. For kG%<5Q H
B. As -i 9 /1.Z
C. With fY>\VY$>
D. Because 1cUC >_%?
练习： y:1?~R
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. q Wo|LpxWt
8. A. is `OduBUI] ]
B. having :5;[Rg5
2
C. being 7m8L!t9
D. be X~lOFH;}q
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 MECR0S9
虚拟语气(2) m"u 9AOH k
1. (should)+动词原形 (RGl, x:
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 S7-?&[oeJ
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 y![h
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 28zt.9
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 /K'Kx
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 s9@IOE GAt
would rather +动词过去式 AX[/S8|6
真题剖析 ;0 @"1`
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … J\#6U|a""u
47. A. do z^ ~fVl
B. did 0!xD+IA!8
C. don’t ~bvx<:8*%
D. didn’t DAJh 9I
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. tBdvk>d
53. A. ordered uPb9j;Q?
B. pleaded =T;%R^@
C. decided Q"%L
D. demanded P
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练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. X
ig%Q~oMp
15. A. took w Mei`svY
B. would take H~&9xtuH N
C. will take 1 BVi vEG
D. should take Q-Bci Bh$
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. o
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(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) sg{>-
KHM
54.A. shall -,3Ka:
B.will g7#
_a6
C.would Ch^Al 2)=
D.should GiI2nHZc
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 :8Mp SvCV
动名词、分词、不定式。 MhHygZT[}
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) : !J!l u
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) " ?n~ /9`
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 5H`k$[3V
真题剖析 8x [q[
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. y~Sh|2x8v
60. A. dropped ~~b[X\1
B. to drop Mryi6X T
C. dropping w~X1Il7
A
D.drops s 3Y
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(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. bsR &%C
59. A. destructive bY&s $Ry3"
B. dissatisfied .pr- ^
C. damaged %)u5A !"
D. derivative x^;nQas;
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 6*{N{]`WZ)
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 \<]nv}1O
How you got there doesn’t concern me. ^+Ec}+ Q
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. /@Y/(+DE
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 $+R0RqV$V~
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. WdnCRFO?l
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 jun>(7
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 9^c\$"2B
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). K.dgQ-v n
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 MX xRM~
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. w*f.Fu(su
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) P}KyT?X:
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) Sz.jv#Y
He no less than John is interested in literature. wMT?p/9Blm
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) F]q pDv
Either my father or my brothers are coming. x$cs_q]J
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 "'~'xaU!=a
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. CZS{^6Ye
真题剖析 w<| ^i*
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. `s Az1/N
53. A. none 1t
WKH
B. few /0uZ(F|>I
C. any
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D. some l23_K7
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 ~B' K_#
全部倒装 \`- /\N
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” kQxY"HD
There stand big buildings in this district. OQ;DqV
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. Bmm#5X@*
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.)
):
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. :<Yc V# !P
3)^-A4~E
