（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 Vo{
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1. 充当句子的状语。 3VMaD@nYa
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 4?(=?0/[
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 | uFb(kL[U
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) 8TH;6-RT
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. py~[M'p(H
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. Q rSO%Rm1*
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). ?en-_'}~a
真题剖析 mBrZ{ hqS
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. {Gfsiz6
45. A. For [=. iJ5,{2
B. As 90J WU$K
C. With 'd QGb-<_<
D. Because qS}{O0
练习：
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Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. x5rm
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8. A. is 2 WKIO|'
B. having Q-s5-&h (
C. being z:O:g?A
D. be [ot+ EA
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 W>x.*K
虚拟语气(2) { }Afah
1. (should)+动词原形 =y?Aeqq\fl
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 -DZ5nx
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 8&x&Ou$("V
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 HsG3s? *
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 |a0@4
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2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 iy8Ln,4z(
would rather +动词过去式 JGhK8E
真题剖析 nGJ+.z
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … |F =.NY
47. A. do ~WmA55
B. did o|s|Wm x>u
C. don’t +9;6]4
D. didn’t k1D|Cpnp
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. ?%>S5,f_
53. A. ordered zb!RfQ,
B. pleaded p{0rHu [
C. decided N40DL_-
D. demanded 2-#&ktM%V
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. )E e`1 1
15. A. took wX@g >(
B. would take 8hX / ~-H
C. will take y 5Kr<cF^
D. should take nG|
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(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. DL '{
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(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) hus9Zv4
54.A. shall @ w,O1Xwj
B.will N/B-u)?\:
C.would
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D.should W_]onq 6
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 U ,\t2z
动名词、分词、不定式。 ZlL]AD@
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) SivJaY%
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) jQ P2[\
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 to] ~$~Q|>
真题剖析 /o nZ 1 4
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. S),acc(d
60. A. dropped vq5o?$ :-
B. to drop C.VU"= -
C. dropping p, S/-ph
D.drops =zwn3L8 fL
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. _VLA2#V>
59. A. destructive s>e)\9c
B. dissatisfied 9.l*#A^
C. damaged &jE@i#
D. derivative = _/ XFN
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 KyRcZ"
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 ^qNr<Ye
How you got there doesn’t concern me. I73=PfS:m
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. )SWLX\b
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 iiTt{ab\Y
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. %1kI aYZ
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 yo!Y%9
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 HV8=b"D"
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). 2X@" #wIg
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 #-bz$w#*
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. G57c 8}\4
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) =]W[{@P
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) e4Q2$ Q@b
He no less than John is interested in literature. =r>u'wRQ
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) o 6)U\z
Either my father or my brothers are coming. } o@Dsx5
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 e# z#bz2<
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. F0/!+ho
真题剖析 x^)W}p"
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. DN;3VT.-
53. A. none
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B. few ?CE&F<?#@
C. any D7v_ <
D. some 5b;~&
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（五）考博英语语法：倒装 jAy 0k
全部倒装 cng166}1A
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” o8u;2gZx
There stand big buildings in this district. 8 Cw3b\ne
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. `{9bf)vP6
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) W?D-&X^ ny
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. > - U+o.o
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