（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 DE3>F^ j
1. 充当句子的状语。 Sqj'2<~W
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 )%p.v P'p
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 mlCw(i,
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) O[[:3!6q
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. #iD5&
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b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. \.p{~ Hv
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). ?CGbnXZ4Ug
真题剖析 NyU~8?bp
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. 3c] oU1GfF
45. A. For \w R bhN
B. As X} b%gblx
C. With %Y8#I3jVJ
D. Because F`,XB[}2
练习： ]$/ TsN
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. a>A29*q
8. A. is m}w~ d /
B. having c"R`7P
C. being b,kXV<KtU
D. be [f ["9(:
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 WP&P#ju&
虚拟语气(2) ,lSt}Lml
1. (should)+动词原形 = fa!"$J3
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 *qKPZb~
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 yQb^]|XG
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 kQ4-W9u
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 TS+itU62
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 Z 4NNrA#
would rather +动词过去式 $I&DAG V 0
真题剖析 :3WrRT,'L
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … >0kn&pe7#T
47. A. do @8X)hpHf
B. did -U;2
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C. don’t xV HZZ?e
D. didn’t s.z (1MB]
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. ju#/ {V;D
53. A. ordered 4:<74B
B. pleaded -g8G47piX:
C. decided $%!'c#
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D. demanded (xw) pR
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. 3'
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15. A. took :'RmT3
B. would take W0%c J8~
C. will take 2lNZwV7
D. should take t|q@~B
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(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing.
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(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) dLl/V3C6t
54.A. shall q_PxmPE@3v
B.will 2(V;O WY(@
C.would kG
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D.should UMsJg7~
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 -_&"Q4FR;+
动名词、分词、不定式。 }gw
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主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) WK;X6`
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) .OI&Zm-
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 297X).
真题剖析 {&Kck>C'
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. Ce 3{KGBw
60. A. dropped F)dJws7-
B. to drop :u$nH9kwv
C. dropping k=D_ 9_
D.drops Y*0 AS|r!
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. t[$C r;
59. A. destructive m~`d<RM/
B. dissatisfied <U j~S
C. damaged k Y d'6+m
D. derivative \@IEqm6
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 SMX70T!'9
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 N|t!G^rP
How you got there doesn’t concern me. 37C'knW
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. oSd TQ$U!D
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 -J7B
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Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. >uHU3<2&
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 i_/A,5TF
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 b$7p`Ay
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). )\nKr;4MH
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 {J#SpG 7
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. ' mwgHo<u
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) Ep>} S
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) c? Z M<Y"
He no less than John is interested in literature. 6}z-X*
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) hA'i|;|ZYc
Either my father or my brothers are coming. dnEIR5%+.
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 (!cG*FrN
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. 4gR;,%E\TO
真题剖析 aM U0BS"
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. <'y}y} %
53. A. none P 8& BtA
B. few uU $YN-
C. any [P:+n7= ,l
D. some /)+V(Jlu
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 \v\f' eQ
全部倒装 ey/{Z<D
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” 2}\/_Y6
There stand big buildings in this district. pY~/<lzW
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. I$0O 4
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) *J D-|m K
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. s(.H"_ a
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