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主题 : 2016考博英语语法详解汇总
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楼主  发表于: 2015-10-30   

2016考博英语语法详解汇总

(一)考博英语语法:独立主格       ;58l_ue  
  1. 充当句子的状语。 G1vWHa7n;f  
  2. 有自己的主语,同句子的主语不一致。 !SD?  
  3. 名词(代词,形容词,副词,介词)+ 分词 MV H^["AeR  
  4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) |SZRO,7x  
  例:a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. W sQo+Ua  
  b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. f$N udG!S  
  c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). \q(RqD  
  真题剖析 7<oLe3fbM  
  (1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are  46  of the material which would 47 feed them. uY,&lX+!  
  45. A. For I7nt<l!  
  B. As ~a4htj  
  C. With T c4N\Cy  
  D. Because k;R*mg*K  
  练习: Ix^xL+Tm  
  Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. r Ka7[/  
  8. A. is lq}=&)%C  
  B. having PtCwr)B,  
  C. being v-3In\T=^  
  D. be n@mWB UM  
  (二)考博英语语法:虚拟语气 #qGfo)  
  虚拟语气(2) h-=3 b  
  1. (should)+动词原形 ;WC]Lf<Z^  
  It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 :se o0w]  
  It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 =LL5E}xP  
  It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 o> WH;EBL  
  部分名词/动词(表示建议,劝告,决定等) +that从句 G,e>dp_cPu  
  2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 5*x k8*  
  would rather +动词过去式 ce\]o^4  
  真题剖析 &/d;4Eu  
  (1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … fD  
  47. A. do :D8V*F6P  
  B. did mVg-z~44T  
  C. don’t r9sW:cM:e  
  D. didn’t !s06uh  
  (1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they  53 that the professor be sent home. nPj%EKdY4  
  53. A. ordered \Y_2Z /  
  B. pleaded ?~$0;5)QC  
  C. decided  ~Jrtm7  
  D. demanded -Mx"ox  
  练习:Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that   we__15__ this message to heart. cJd~UQ<k  
  15. A. took `9 n%Dy<  
  B. would take m!3b.2/h  
  C. will take [x ?38  
  D. should take 97lM*7h ;  
  (2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. "5"6mw?  
  (even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) Mo\LFxx>4{  
  54.A. shall 9>\P]:  
  B.will 4HQP,  
  C.would r63_|~JVB<  
  D.should `,gGmh  
  (三)考博英语语法:非谓语动词 @d]I3?`  
  动名词、分词、不定式。 4nQk*:p(X  
  主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) pXf!8X&y  
  发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) +ntrp='7O7  
  To在什么情况下作介词,什么情况下作不定式引导词。 w DswK "T  
  真题剖析 9 ?a-1  
  (2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. wNMgY  
  60. A. dropped L1A0->t  
  B. to drop F(c~D0  
  C. dropping < 3C~<  
  D.drops px;5X4U  
  (2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining   relationships, from developing in human ways. }6ObQa43   
  59. A. destructive S`HshYlE q  
  B. dissatisfied qu- !XC0p  
  C. damaged y^7;I-  
  D. derivative q$FwO"dC  
  (四)考博英语语法:主谓一致 VP[ -BK[  
  1. 整体及抽象概念作主语,谓语通常用单数形式。 sk !92mQ  
  How you got there doesn’t concern me. n!=%MgF'*p  
  Growing vegetables needs constant watering. i( P/=B  
  2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语,谓语多用单数。 Gh}k9-L  
  Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. 09z%y[z  
  3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等),谓语通常用单数形式。 Ncr38~;w  
  4. “分数或百分数+主语”,谓语跟主语保持一致。 PhBdm'  
  Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). "{>I5<:t  
  5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语,谓语用单数。 4a3Xz,[(a  
  Everyone knows that you’ve come here. /*3[9,  
  If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.  (--thing 的情况例外) #;FHyKx  
  6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) /MFy%=0l  
  He no less than John is interested in literature. M`IiK+IoU  
  7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) Hik8u!#P  
  Either my father or my brothers are coming. L4Ep7=  
  8. each,every,many a, no …+主语,谓语用单数。 n';"c;Ye)  
  Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. <L|eY(:   
  真题剖析 _22;hnG<iy  
  (2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. 0l-m:6  
  53. A. none }p-<+sFo  
  B. few MQ;c'?!5[!  
  C. any 9_Tk8L#  
  D. some 4T#B7wVoM  
  (五)考博英语语法:倒装 3&Dln  
  全部倒装 YrAaL"20  
  1. “There (Here) +be+主语” c%1 <O!c  
  There stand big buildings in this district. =hE5 ?}EP+  
  Here on the desk lies a pile of books. {2kw*^,l  
  2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆,如it blew up.) d"zbY\`  
  In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. cgKK(-$ny  
#6g- {OBv  
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