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主题 : 2016考博英语语法详解汇总
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楼主  发表于: 2015-10-30   

2016考博英语语法详解汇总

(一)考博英语语法:独立主格       c= -2c&=&  
  1. 充当句子的状语。 5xEk 7g.  
  2. 有自己的主语,同句子的主语不一致。 YBX7WZCR  
  3. 名词(代词,形容词,副词,介词)+ 分词 K%p*:P  
  4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) SwDUg}M~  
  例:a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. JqDj)}fzX  
  b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. M?UlC   
  c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). aoZ`C3  
  真题剖析 vd5"phn 3  
  (1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are  46  of the material which would 47 feed them. Oc]&1>M  
  45. A. For 6$'6x2,  
  B. As 3,K*r"=  
  C. With lRn6Zh  
  D. Because ,]N!I%SI  
  练习: jH*+\:UP-  
  Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. vWJhSpC[  
  8. A. is t;DZ^Z"{  
  B. having D&WXa|EOK  
  C. being lA4Bq  
  D. be n7vLw7  
  (二)考博英语语法:虚拟语气 "9[K  
  虚拟语气(2) MwxfTH"wi  
  1. (should)+动词原形 >#@1 I  
  It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 |Hbe]2"x>  
  It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 Av*R(d=`  
  It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 @=c{GAj  
  部分名词/动词(表示建议,劝告,决定等) +that从句 t|*PC   
  2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 @ j$tpz  
  would rather +动词过去式 I`44}oJ  
  真题剖析 1K'0ajl1A  
  (1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … a9GOY+;bf  
  47. A. do >GiM?*cC  
  B. did !oU$(,#9  
  C. don’t 's$pr#V  
  D. didn’t US)wr  
  (1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they  53 that the professor be sent home. Z*kGWL  
  53. A. ordered $JTy`g0>x  
  B. pleaded v& (X& q  
  C. decided a#1LGH7E8  
  D. demanded tc@ U_>{  
  练习:Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that   we__15__ this message to heart. Q8M&nf  
  15. A. took 4j!MjlG$  
  B. would take #;H,`r  
  C. will take o lNL|WJ`w  
  D. should take p;j$i6YJ  
  (2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. 3h"; 2  
  (even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) C[r YVa .  
  54.A. shall g_] u<8&  
  B.will )QTk5zt  
  C.would v %&f00  
  D.should _dsd{&  
  (三)考博英语语法:非谓语动词 +M@G 8l  
  动名词、分词、不定式。 Ht EjM|zj  
  主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) /Fh"Gl^  
  发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) Ph]e\  
  To在什么情况下作介词,什么情况下作不定式引导词。 $2>tfKhtA  
  真题剖析 \9se~tAl3  
  (2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. ynM{hN.+H  
  60. A. dropped 35RH|ci&  
  B. to drop 8+gx?pb  
  C. dropping =JO|m5z8>  
  D.drops ]vQo^nOo  
  (2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining   relationships, from developing in human ways. 92Ar0 j]  
  59. A. destructive 8<!qT1  
  B. dissatisfied OM!ES%c,  
  C. damaged &O0+\A9tP  
  D. derivative &%qD Som3  
  (四)考博英语语法:主谓一致  TWx<)  
  1. 整体及抽象概念作主语,谓语通常用单数形式。 GetUCb%1  
  How you got there doesn’t concern me. ;%dkwKO  
  Growing vegetables needs constant watering. jcq(=7j  
  2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语,谓语多用单数。 fy_'K}i3 k  
  Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. :WA o{|&  
  3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等),谓语通常用单数形式。 M8cLh!!  
  4. “分数或百分数+主语”,谓语跟主语保持一致。 #mkr]K8A4  
  Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). g+k6pi*  
  5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语,谓语用单数。 cC}s5`  
  Everyone knows that you’ve come here. -S,dG|  
  If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.  (--thing 的情况例外) uqQMS&;+,|  
  6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) <q[ *kr  
  He no less than John is interested in literature. !@YYi[Gk  
  7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) TS[Z<m  
  Either my father or my brothers are coming. .9^;? Ts  
  8. each,every,many a, no …+主语,谓语用单数。 8V|-BP5^  
  Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. _-!6@^+  
  真题剖析 6wu/6DO   
  (2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. ^U`q1Pg5  
  53. A. none $1dI  
  B. few  +;!w;t  
  C. any Z^~ 6pH\  
  D. some ]yIy~V  
  (五)考博英语语法:倒装 ):|)/ZiC'  
  全部倒装 =[jBOx&  
  1. “There (Here) +be+主语” =f|>7m.p  
  There stand big buildings in this district. fZ376Z:S$  
  Here on the desk lies a pile of books. d:wAI|  
  2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆,如it blew up.) 4dok/ +Ec  
  In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. j ?mJ1J5  
3AL.UBj&}  
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