（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 >D u=(p B
1. 充当句子的状语。
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2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 `oNJ=,p
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 B0|W
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) $i +@vbU6
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. ( gg )?
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. sm'_0EUg
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). _ab8z]H
真题剖析 +0U=UV)U
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. :y7K3:d3
45. A. For &1<[@:;
B. As & o x
C. With
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D. Because |oU I2<"
练习： "XxmiK
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. '6vo#D9M
8. A. is c=+%][21
B. having
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C. being &c!6e<o[p
D. be P\K#q%8
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 ByP<-Deh
虚拟语气(2) Gn4b*Y&M]3
1. (should)+动词原形 ~vt*%GN3
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 Htr]_<@
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 .gfi9 J
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 ,gNZHKNq
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 6M&ajl`o
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 "
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would rather +动词过去式 ^@8XJ[C,_
真题剖析 nG3SDL#(k
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . …
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47. A. do M 2ex
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B. did Uf+y$n -
C. don’t ]Xa]a}[uE
D. didn’t :'%|LB
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(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. l HM}
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53. A. ordered Z< >gx m<
B. pleaded `:7r5}(^
C. decided 1lIs
jBo g
D. demanded O,),0zcYF
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. N LpKh1g
15. A. took ){P`-ZF
B. would take b+:mV7eX
C. will take pSC{0Y$g
D. should take XM!oN^
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. 16eP7s
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) -"ZNkC =
54.A. shall 0^Ldw)C"
B.will *0,*F ~n
C.would :T$}@& -
D.should :CM-I_6
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 * Ib DA
动名词、分词、不定式。 :| k!hG
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) .T8^>z1/\F
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) `2U,#nZ 4
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 1f^oW[w&
真题剖析 jN{
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(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. < q(i(%
60. A. dropped 'p[6K'Uq5
B. to drop dk ]
C. dropping Us "G X_
D.drops 3@eI? (N
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. nUONI+6Z /
59. A. destructive mhIGunK;+
B. dissatisfied q{*[uJ}Xc"
C. damaged }T902RL0
D. derivative Th,]nVsGs~
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 oKS W:A
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 < :eKXH2
How you got there doesn’t concern me. (1{OQ0N+x
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. S WsD]rn
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 ,9=P=JH
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. &C,]c#-+
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 0_y&9Te
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 3s: ) CXO
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). Vas Q/
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 *Z"Kvj;> u
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. QKz2ONV=)
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) H-5f!>)
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) ;XYfw)
He no less than John is interested in literature. \<%FZT_4~
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) n!b*GXb\
Either my father or my brothers are coming. "J
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8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 9D%~~~
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Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. Yic'p0<
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真题剖析 +xmZK<{<
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. /s:akLBaD
53. A. none yNx"Ey dk`
B. few ;rF:$ 37^
C. any 6 d 8n1_
D. some f;
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（五）考博英语语法：倒装 T5U(B3j_
全部倒装 oWOH #
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1. “There (Here) +be+主语” 3^ &p b
There stand big buildings in this district. 483vFL nF
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. KQqQ@D&n
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) L/cbq*L
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. -3b0;L&4>x
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