（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 )8[ym/m
1. 充当句子的状语。 J#0GlK@"
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 Q(lku"U'
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 C1V# ?03eI
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) :bwM]k*$
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. zu52 p4
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. ue@8voZhS/
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). Z)/6?? /R
真题剖析 `8,w[o oC2
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. lY.B
45. A. For x"vwWJNQ
B. As !(Q l)C
C. With Y
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D. Because [Gh"ojt]w
练习： )!cI
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Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. ;
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8. A. is <{gi
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B. having
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C. being Uan ,H1a
D. be 27>a#vCT
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 _F izgs
虚拟语气(2) PRD_!VOW
1. (should)+动词原形 Vu [:A
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 =D]
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It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 .j
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It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 Q sOhz
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 n>P! u71
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 vBNZ<
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would rather +动词过去式 k(vPg,X>m
真题剖析 gLIT;BK
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … (
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47. A. do /BpxKh
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B. did Gy!P,a)z
C. don’t 9cQ_mgc h
D. didn’t C0fmmI0z~
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. :Q _x/+-
53. A. ordered tWY2o3 j
B. pleaded 1zjaR4Tf
C. decided Z
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D. demanded cS|VJWgTZ
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. .0|=[ |
15. A. took 0@)%h&mD
B. would take e"R m_t
C. will take %6ub3PLw8
D. should take `
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(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. 7byCc_,
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.)
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54.A. shall M=y0PCD
B.will `qiQ$kz
C.would +l?; )
D.should f: xWu-
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 ?_q+&)4-o
动名词、分词、不定式。 ~]WVG@-
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) /smiopFc q
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) 6)e5 zKW!?
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 `cr(wdvI
真题剖析 |}[nH>
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. R$m`Z+/@
60. A. dropped 7Kf}O6nE
B. to drop &ZJgQ-Pc(m
C. dropping
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D.drops S >Z|) I
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. wJG$c-(\0
59. A. destructive f h<*8w0H
B. dissatisfied ml u 3
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C. damaged &L4
q10-N
D. derivative qpqokK
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 UUtbD&\
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 cH D%{xlb
How you got there doesn’t concern me. Z1,gtl ?
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. |M5-5)
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 S>_27r{
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. 9dKul,c
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 ?Zcj}e.r
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 -50AX1h31:
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). 'Ud| Ex@A9
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 >+9JD%]x]
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. 'Bq ZOZw
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) V@ :20 m
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) <GIwRVCU
He no less than John is interested in literature. uV]ULm#,i
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) i~yX tya
Either my father or my brothers are coming. KCR
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8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 faJM^ u
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. RR| \- 8;
真题剖析 )]Ti>R O7
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. t#~?{i@m
53. A. none VOgi7 \
B. few (M t5 P
C. any 1B:aC|
B
D. some hR)2xz
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 }Uw#f@Wh
全部倒装 Ewo~9
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1. “There (Here) +be+主语” :jem~6i
There stand big buildings in this district. VcgBLkIF
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. t/p $
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) T] | d 5E
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. \2 !!L=&4G
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