（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 zv$Gma _
1. 充当句子的状语。 f -vZ2+HP
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 "| (rVj=
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 jK\V|5k
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) 7vi i9Am7
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. yB0jL:|a
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. hq5NQi`
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c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). C$$"{FfgU"
真题剖析 X*Tu Q\T
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. o} WB(WsG
45. A. For 9=Y,["br$_
B. As pi^^L@@ d
C. With )$ ofl%+
D. Because @/CRIei
练习： <{$ ev&bQ
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. 4y|xUO:
8. A. is
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B. having E9yFREvQc
C. being X)`(nj
D. be wm ); aWP
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 mr:kn 0
虚拟语气(2) M[ :O(
1. (should)+动词原形 #2_o[/&}x@
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 :)K TZ
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 1VhoJGH;C
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 S[W9G)KWp
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 =$"zqa.B6
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 ?RgU6/ 2
would rather +动词过去式 F|]o9&/< ]
真题剖析 AIvL#12
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … *=-__|t
47. A. do $$2S*q Y
B. did % j[O&[s}
C. don’t !.;xt L
D. didn’t ~pd1 )
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. { Y3_I\H8{
53. A. ordered 3b g4# c
B. pleaded /(hP7_]`2
C. decided eZN3H"H
D. demanded YLA557~
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. yNhscAMNn
15. A. took $nGbT4sc
B. would take f_re"d 3u
C. will take -!C
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D. should take jm#d7@~4
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. .R$+#_
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) _ e:5XQ
54.A. shall e6{[o@aM{
B.will xY\*L:TwW
C.would (PsS E:r}+
D.should 0_,3/EWa
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 -CU7u=*b
动名词、分词、不定式。 eZR8<Z %
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) F 653[[eQ
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) P x P?hk
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 N1s $3Ul
真题剖析 6PzN>+t^y
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. ~q8V<@?
60. A. dropped BqLtTo ?'
B. to drop v'
9( et
C. dropping aCUV[CPw
D.drops #5o
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(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. NDIc?kj~
59. A. destructive ^O$[Y9~*
B. dissatisfied /SPAJHh
C. damaged 7uv/@(J"$
D. derivative Wy^[4|6
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 pzt Zb
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 # )PGQ)(
How you got there doesn’t concern me. VH7iH|eW
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. S,"ChR
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 SRG!G]?-
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. bW
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3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 3|83Jnh
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 c> U{,z
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water).
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5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 j3rv2W\
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. ,a]~hNR
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If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) { ck
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) rt@-Pw!B
He no less than John is interested in literature. S!I <m&Cgc
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) TJw.e/
Either my father or my brothers are coming. |Z7b d^
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 Y^jnlS)h
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. 2GD mZl
真题剖析 { Sliy'
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. 6rN5Xf cS
53. A. none
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B. few h&k ^l,
C. any [;CqvD <S
D. some ;DgX"Uzm
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 )V$
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全部倒装 ,?~UpsUx
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” q/2K=BOh
There stand big buildings in this district. ! ?U^+)^$
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. Pl5NHVr
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) hq8/`u
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In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. @8M2'R\
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