（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 . II'W3Fr
1. 充当句子的状语。 y[$e]N
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 Su-+~`
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3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 +q2l,{|?
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) &2c ?g1%
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. ?Dfgyz
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. ricDP 9#a
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). h<QXr '4+
真题剖析 yC _X@o-n
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. 9:esj{
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45. A. For "
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B. As gmM79^CEF
C. With `9F'mT#o/
D. Because 8d>OtDL a
练习： j0 OxR.S
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. iK
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8. A. is PgxU;N7Y
B. having L1 J"_.=P
C. being $A-b-`X
D. be J M`uIVnNA
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 uEk$Y=p7!
虚拟语气(2) [g%oo3`A
1. (should)+动词原形 oinF<-(
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 d vUJk<;w
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 g~`UC
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 j:fL_1m
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 o05) I2
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 @90)
would rather +动词过去式 =b 6Q2s,i
真题剖析 NB LOcRSh
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … _o< 8R@1
47. A. do "y62Wo6m)
B. did qe x.}[
C. don’t !K3
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D. didn’t y%z$ _V]
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. 8+lM6O ~!
53. A. ordered @m# 7E4 +
B. pleaded r"k\G\,%
C. decided mKn:EqA
D. demanded N^:)U"9*e
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. #dU-*wmJ
15. A. took Gi?"
B. would take tP7l
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C. will take Nx,.4CI
D. should take #2/k^N4r
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. ':6`M
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) ^vfp;
54.A. shall %^kBcId
B.will 4h|sbB"t
C.would 'z> |N{-xG
D.should !S$LRm\ '
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 Gdb6 U{
动名词、分词、不定式。 ^ yyL4{/
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) s< h]2W
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) 0X !A'
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 V*
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真题剖析 fX^ <H_1$G
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. *S%~0=
60. A. dropped :
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B. to drop 0g o{gUI
C. dropping
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D.drops 1Tm,#o
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. 4L) #ku$jW
59. A. destructive oG{0 {%*@
B. dissatisfied H QGn[7JW
C. damaged z_nv|5"
D. derivative L6<.>
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（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 ,6@
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1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 uW;[FTcqy$
How you got there doesn’t concern me. eO% w
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Growing vegetables needs constant watering. = j)5kY`
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 _?~EWT
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. 1z IX
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3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 BLaF++Fop
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 )@(IhU )
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). 1egq:b h
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 '< =77yDg
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. {3Y
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If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) xB :]{9r
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) {H O, d{{
He no less than John is interested in literature. /0m0"
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7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) 0q6xX NAX
Either my father or my brothers are coming. M!tR>NMH
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 TGDrTyI?y
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. mswAao<y&x
真题剖析 awB+B8^ s
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. %p;;
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53. A. none g|Tkl
B. few D
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C. any V7<w9MM
D. some 2WUl8?f2Y
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 f4;V7DJ
全部倒装 qDS~|<Y5
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” 1lYQR`Uh
There stand big buildings in this district. fl8 eNi E|
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. rL,kDSLs
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) MX"M2>" pT
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. ThY\K>@]
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