（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 DrCfC[A~]
1. 充当句子的状语。 HIp {< M3
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 cF<DUr)Ve
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 <wGT s6
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) W!9f'Yn
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home.
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b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. ah@GSu;7
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). x?k |i}Q
真题剖析 * jNu?$
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. GMp'KEQQ
45. A. For HvfTC<+H
B. As <HX-qNA?
C. With UtW3KvJ#=
D. Because 1~iBzPU2
练习： &7y1KwfXn
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. '
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8. A. is gRd1(S
B. having |`9z E]
C. being R$'nWzX#
D. be Gqu0M`+7
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 j:<T<8 .o
虚拟语气(2) w9?wy#YI
1. (should)+动词原形 ;iI2K/ 3
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 G!lykk]
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 GnHf9
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It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 Xpz-@fqKdf
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 7`n8
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2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 6E%
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would rather +动词过去式 ?fwr:aP~
真题剖析
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(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . …
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47. A. do ]o[HH_`s@
B. did i;
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C. don’t o s+wTUR^
D. didn’t j>=".^J
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. \shoLp
53. A. ordered lw lW.C
B. pleaded vx ,6::%]
C. decided {_D'\i(Y_
D. demanded 6iS+3 +
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. qt)mUq;>
15. A. took :~(^b;yhZ
B. would take K1yM'6 Zw
C. will take zXO.NSC[
D. should take +DDvM;31w
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. [IW7]Fv<F
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) 8XE0 p
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54.A. shall /FXfu
B.will =swcmab;
C.would 7m$/. \5
D.should jP]'gQ!-w
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 |8rJqtf +&
动名词、分词、不定式。 @T T [H*,
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) iSax-Mc
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) an$h~}/6:
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 !pXz-hxKT
真题剖析 a+N d%hoe
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. @5ybBh]
60. A. dropped n*uZ=M_/Q
B. to drop WNi<|A#T{
C. dropping U h}yHD`K
D.drops XsC bA8Qv
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. 1gr jK.x
59. A. destructive C\[UAxZ3X
B. dissatisfied Sy55w={
C. damaged }Z=Qy;zk
D. derivative Ks-><-2+N
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 >a K&T"
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 P&
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How you got there doesn’t concern me. )c/BD C7g
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. ^~od*:
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 [8n4lE[)"
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. #Ba'k6b
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 I1jF`xQ&0
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 u8QX2|
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). `pr ,lL
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 D1a4+AyI
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. ljRR
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) *,u{~(thR
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) <T>f@Dn,
He no less than John is interested in literature. P?
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7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) UF
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Either my father or my brothers are coming. Y`v&YcX;
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 lDzVc`c
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. a >6p])Wh
真题剖析 Rh|&{Tf
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. FqySnr JQ
53. A. none 0FB ifK
B. few E*zk?G|
C. any ESAh(A)8
D. some B(hNBq7
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 Ru/3 >n
全部倒装
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1. “There (Here) +be+主语” MWB?V?qPSC
There stand big buildings in this district. G|V ^C_:
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. IlY,V
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) =6'A8d
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. Y) Z>Bi
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