（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 1lf]}V
1. 充当句子的状语。 \_ 3#%%z
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 &y.6Hiy&
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 Y> PC>
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) JAI ; 7
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. }G 1hB#j
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. _u8d`7$*%
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle).
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真题剖析 U,GY']J
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. K_ LwYO3
45. A. For (Kaunp5_`
B. As !!UQ,yU
C. With @3I/57u<
D. Because y7Y g$)sL
练习：
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Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. ?\![W5uuXG
8. A. is 1U~yu&
B. having :*s+X$x,<
C. being FK.Qj P:
D. be o:Q.XWa@MG
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 {-)*.l=
虚拟语气(2) ~3s\Q%
1. (should)+动词原形 7NDjXcuq
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 ex- W{k$
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 IRl(H_.
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 hXz@ (cF
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 APT /z0X>
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 f/RDo4
would rather +动词过去式 9!| +GIjn
真题剖析 My JG2C#R
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … w Q/Z:
47. A. do k>q}: J9V
B. did YUsMq3^&
C. don’t 3Mt Alc0xp
D. didn’t mY !LGN
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. SHT ^Etri
53. A. ordered g
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B. pleaded ![a~y`<K,
C. decided
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D. demanded e3b|z.^ 8
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. lc2RMu
15. A. took ?\$\YX%/p
B. would take "ZLujpZcG
C. will take njN]0l{p
D. should take [Y=X^"PF
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. -S,xR5
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) {-
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54.A. shall 8x9$6HO
B.will u t4+c0
C.would I_h{n{,sr
D.should Z 2x%
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 SS/t8Y4W
动名词、分词、不定式。 r9d dVD
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) mv +K!T6
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) @lnM%
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 <7%4
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真题剖析 XgmblNp1
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. 'o*:~n
60. A. dropped >)IXc<"wq
B. to drop Y4B< ]C4
C. dropping sU P !'Av
D.drops P_w\d/3
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. fx783
59. A. destructive M"t=0[0DM:
B. dissatisfied .V\ M/q\Tv
C. damaged < ?I s ~[2
D. derivative +L$,jZqS
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 OJ'x>k E
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 k<M~co;L
How you got there doesn’t concern me. o,sw[
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. 8zRb )B+
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 :~2An-V
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. hR$lX8
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 L#`9# Q
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 Pj!{j)-tS
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). ^!*?vHx:
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 `37GV o4
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. A!kNq J2
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) Rro{A+[,X
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) &E{5k{Y
He no less than John is interested in literature. hao0_9q+
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) a9E!2o
+,
Either my father or my brothers are coming. LaE;{ jY
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 I~R<}volu
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. p 0.?R
真题剖析 $l&&y?()
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. xX'Uq_ Jv
53. A. none I_yIVw;
B. few 6bg+U`&g
C. any *x|
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D. some DJE/u qE
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 #^Dc:1,
全部倒装 ED/-,>[f
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” !dLz ?0
There stand big buildings in this district. ucj )t7O
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. Kfj*uzKB
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) $ Yz &x%Lb
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. | 4I x2GD
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