（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 o 4`hY/<t
1. 充当句子的状语。 {G|,\ O1
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 @AK
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3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 wHs YF`
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) uXI_M
)
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. V_>\ 9m
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. Scp7X7{N
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). \qR7mI/*
真题剖析 @xQgY*f#
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. $@sE
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45. A. For zw+B9PYqX
B. As ,%n\ =
C. With 3Th'p aMG
D. Because B,M(@5wz
练习： ykv94i?Q
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. =2[7
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8. A. is z|=}1; (.
B. having =f u
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C. being Z= jr-)kK
D. be iDMJicW!+F
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 "vXxv'0 \f
虚拟语气(2) dOqOw M.y
1. (should)+动词原形 %R@X>2l/_
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 8* 8Zc/{
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 0.dgoq 3u
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 @b"t]#V(
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部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 JXCCTUO
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 1=#q5dZ ]
would rather +动词过去式 W4[V}s5u
真题剖析 yMyE s 8
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … *&?c(JU;<
47. A. do m 0LTx\w!
B. did t>1Z\lE\"
C. don’t n9@ o f
D. didn’t P/x Knm~
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. $wmvKQc{lx
53. A. ordered ()K " c#
B. pleaded *F
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C. decided NLS%S q
D. demanded 8aO~/i:(.
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. GKvN*
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15. A. took L
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B. would take P8 ^hB v*
C. will take z74in8 ]
D. should take 0TN;86Mo
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. _/Gczy4)#
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) GytXFL3`:
54.A. shall e?_@aa9~@{
B.will +x_Rfk$fb
C.would 5WC+guK7
D.should )t$, e2FY
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 | ;.o8}
动名词、分词、不定式。 ta `N8vnf
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) ;3\3q1oX
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) xEf'Bmebk
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 2
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真题剖析 %^I88,$&L
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. FDVcow*] n
60. A. dropped (q{Ck#+
B. to drop S}$r>[t
C. dropping Kv.>Vf.T}_
D.drops jy giG&H
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. S+'rG+NJ
59. A. destructive ~_Lr=C D;4
B. dissatisfied Ix(?fO#uNF
C. damaged v2H#=E4cZ#
D. derivative ~4s'0 w^
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 A5i :x$ww
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 5B&;uY
How you got there doesn’t concern me. O!Oumw,$
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. &^}6
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2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 AC;V
m: @{
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. :WSDf VX
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 3t<a $i
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 zo[[>MA
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). W?eu!wL#p
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。
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Everyone knows that you’ve come here. ~(pmLZ<GW}
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) $<^u^q37u
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) 6_d.Yfbq
He no less than John is interested in literature. = e gW
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) Ea?XT&,
Either my father or my brothers are coming. g8w2 Vz2/
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 C_4)=#@GU
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. 3 /b;7\M
真题剖析 ^S)cjH`P
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. \mw(cM#:
53. A. none ^-rfvc
B. few ^{ xeij/
C. any u{FDdR9<
D. some 52b*[tZ
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 vTaJqEE
全部倒装 KAsS [
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” +8v9flh
There stand big buildings in this district. MB%Q WU
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. 6 m VuyI
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) v3GwD0 0
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. /sr 2mt-Q
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