（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 jgpSFb<9F
1. 充当句子的状语。 VDy2 !0
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 y@GqAN'DK[
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 e 97Ll=>
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) ou V%*<Ki
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. <?8 aM7W7
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. ECW=865jL
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). k{Ad(S4J&
真题剖析 NAg9EaWja{
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. u([|^~H]
45. A. For Dt]N&E#\D
B. As esh7*,7-z*
C. With T5<851rH
D. Because -w'_Q"o2
练习： a%g |E'\Jw
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. t@"i/@8x$
8. A. is L|hoA9/]
B. having U gD|tuz]
C. being u2 a#qU5*
D. be ahoXQ8c:\}
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 Vd&&GI(:?^
虚拟语气(2) +`RQ ^9
1. (should)+动词原形 K`vc&u f
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 tg~@(IT}j
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 K HO@"+
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 .Ld{QPa
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 R\T1R"1
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 uyqu n@q
would rather +动词过去式 jL6ZHEi#d7
真题剖析 sF4+(9 =
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . …
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47. A. do WeiDg,]e$b
B. did ,
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C. don’t "h`oT4j5q
D. didn’t g1 5~+;33N
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. )W,.xP
53. A. ordered ,L&d\M"f
B. pleaded %
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C. decided wl.a|~-
D. demanded ^ &Vj m
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. t6C2DHh7$
15. A. took rNN
,!
B. would take J\l'nqS"
C. will take 4.e0k<]N`
D. should take 1=L5=uz1d:
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. g-LMct8$
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) vrq5 +K&||
54.A. shall vq` M]1]FO
B.will =1r!'<"h
C.would 8= "01
D.should 7R7e3p,K
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 /e;E+
动名词、分词、不定式。 PpLuN12H
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) N Ca3")k
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) nKnQ
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To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 kyH0J[/n
真题剖析 t2LX @Q"
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. Qf($F,)K
60. A. dropped @j<Q2z^
B. to drop lx{ '
bzv
C. dropping R ~"&E#C
D.drops v\2- %
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. ><xJQeW
59. A. destructive Vji:,k=3\
B. dissatisfied {,B. OM) J
C. damaged A5E^1j}h@
D. derivative ?*^ HZ~O1
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 5 t ,X;
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 v^dQ%+}7>
How you got there doesn’t concern me. 0at['zw
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. &!F"3bD0
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 ] E $bK
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. 7.kgQ"?&
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 9qk J<
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 WD@v<Wx)
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). fTt\@" V
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 Qp9QS yMs}
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. L{0\M`B-
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) M5:j)o W
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) 2f6BZ8H+Z
He no less than John is interested in literature. SLz;5%CPV
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) lnGg1/
Either my father or my brothers are coming. \M;cF "e-S
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 \]0#jI/:
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. +;
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真题剖析 hU3sEOm>
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. m.FN ttkM
53. A. none 9iV9q]($0
B. few A
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C. any L}7 TM:%
D. some ;ojJXH~$}
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 B
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全部倒装 ?Y 5 Vje[^
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” KGG nypx`
There stand big buildings in this district. y g6o#;
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. shEAr*u
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) $pIo`F _W
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. +,Or^p O=
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