（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 J
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1. 充当句子的状语。 v\ gCgx=%j
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 2~BId&]
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 p"XQ JUuD
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) cr_Q,*
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. #Kp/A N5YC
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. 4lqow
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c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). ,'69RL?-Wg
真题剖析 !ENb \'>J>
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. .sk$ @Q
45. A. For xo46L\
B. As SmJ6Fm6
C. With <Hq|<^_K
D. Because t6)w R
练习： 'nFqq:2Xa
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. Y :0SrB!\
8. A. is XNU[\I
B. having `Al5( 0Q
C. being k
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D. be ttwfWfX
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 4?AggqW
虚拟语气(2) JKkR963 O
1. (should)+动词原形 xM/B"SG2
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 cI O7RD $8
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 T`;>Kq:s
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 )bqfj>%#c
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 0 .~Pzg
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 '
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would rather +动词过去式 z~/z>_y$nv
真题剖析 ov= [g l
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … Wh:SZa|
47. A. do }' mBqn
B. did 6BihZ|H04
C. don’t LsnM5GU7
D. didn’t 99@uU[&IJ
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. M%dXy^e
53. A. ordered m
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B. pleaded 4+od N.
C. decided vr|9NP]v
D. demanded a
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练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. G}d-L!YbE'
15. A. took Jp
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B. would take 7 u!i)<pn
C. will take ,F7W_f#
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D. should take hHsCr@i
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. l+'@y (}Q
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) :?s~,G_*l
54.A. shall Kv'2^B
B.will a b!,
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C.would b-8{bP]n
D.should \WG6\Zg0A
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 cF9bSY_Eh
动名词、分词、不定式。 PG<tic<?
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) hA.? 19<Z
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) bI
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To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 v /{LC4BF
真题剖析 nqNL[w6{
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers.
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60. A. dropped 'M>QA"*48E
B. to drop duC xYhh|
C. dropping z^z_!@7v
D.drops =e2|:Ba!
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. +eSNwR=
59. A. destructive dWbSrl
B. dissatisfied RKoM49W
C. damaged ~ .99H
D. derivative hK F*{,
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（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 {"T$j V:GB
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 %5#ts/f
How you got there doesn’t concern me. eT33&:
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Growing vegetables needs constant watering. ~d] X@(G&
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 \
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Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. )Il)
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3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 }+/j /es{]
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 g\_J
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). T1,Nb>gBq^
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 ^3re*u4b=
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. 9e5XS\
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) ^n Gj 7b
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) }7?n\I+ n"
He no less than John is interested in literature. {A<pb{<u
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) yN- o?[o
Either my father or my brothers are coming. Qy 0Zj$,Z
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 `"@Pr,L
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. 1ym^G0"s
真题剖析 qPal'c 0
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. tqo k.h
53. A. none 'PO+P~|oa&
B. few K=Q<G:+&V
C. any
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D. some .VD:FFkW
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 oU|yBs1
全部倒装 {>EM=ZZfg
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” ~F)[H'$A
There stand big buildings in this district. h7?
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Here on the desk lies a pile of books. Nq y)jfyex
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) M\m6|P
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. [hhPkJf|f
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