（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 #g#v DR!
1. 充当句子的状语。 gPSUxE `O.
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 g{.>nE^Sc5
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 r Lg(J|^
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) Nwr.mtvh
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. {>H#/I8si
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. 7g[m,48{
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). }zY)H9J~
真题剖析 K{.s{;#
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. bW(+Aw=O
45. A. For X,: pT\G
B. As C)~YWx@v
C. With
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D. Because ^m;dEe&@F
练习： M lgE-Lm
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. {_0E f c=7
8. A. is 1 mhX3
B. having A%> Ir`I
C. being ?BT\)@ h
D. be /e1m1 B
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 )X@Obg
虚拟语气(2) @[#U_T- I
1. (should)+动词原形 5 WSu
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 -}`ES]
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 u
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It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 #t:]a<3Y2
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 xB_F?d40T5
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 &sR=N60n
would rather +动词过去式 |-4C[5rM
真题剖析 lc>)7UF
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … @P#uH5U
47. A. do .yE!,^j.gB
B. did yn<H^c
C. don’t 8:;_MBt
D. didn’t $gT+Ue|7
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. ztf
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53. A. ordered 9PjL
4A
B. pleaded WJ=DTO N
C. decided f N~kd m.
D. demanded H1_XEcaM+*
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. DrLNY"Zq
15. A. took @ ' L
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B. would take r7Bv?M^!
C. will take U^vQr
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D. should take eT1b88_
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. "<ow;ciJF
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) 0#4_ vg .
54.A. shall ]'V8{l
B.will o6sL~ *hQ
C.would \]GO*]CaV
D.should u':- DgK
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 o zH7c_ <
动名词、分词、不定式。 O%5cMz?eU
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) 'EU{%\qM
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) HmKvu"3
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 L,!?'.*/]
真题剖析 H|;6K`O_
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. zy`4]w$Lj+
60. A. dropped \DBoe :0~
B. to drop ^;+lsEW
C. dropping mN +~fu h
D.drops %Q5D#d"p`
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. i@e.Uzn
59. A. destructive =o;QvOS;
B. dissatisfied /+4Dq4{ t)
C. damaged rg+28tlDn
D. derivative I8HUH* |)n
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 q# gZ\V$I
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 `%;n HQ"
How you got there doesn’t concern me. Nge _ Ks
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. f^](
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2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 cd{3JGg B
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. :}x\&]uC#k
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 ONJW*!(
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 N%;Q[*d@/
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). x={t}qDS8
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 @iB**zR/
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. GJWC}$#T Y
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) eHK}U+"\
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) Tj0eW(<!s
He no less than John is interested in literature. 5*g@;aR1
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) b@1 QE
Either my father or my brothers are coming. 8>
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8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 OFRzz G@
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. lS?f?n^
真题剖析 )QBsyN<x6
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. Y#]Y$n
53. A. none r{%NMj
B. few KL5rF,DME
C. any }a<MVG:>SF
D. some WM@uxe ,
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 Jr''S}@|x
全部倒装 zv0 RrF^
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” `M7 ){
There stand big buildings in this district. ~ MhPzu&B
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. ^< % w'*gR
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) k*M{?4
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. n53} 79Uiz
