（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 `B6*wE-|
1. 充当句子的状语。 l r80RL'_
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 vT/e&8w
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 .c__<I<G<
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) FvYgp bEZ
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. 1 aWzd[i
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. 8 Na.H::cZ
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). 9 {
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真题剖析 Vw-,G 7v&E
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. 21NGsG
45. A. For dbn9t7'{
B. As kN7 J Z12
C. With
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D. Because jfmHc(fX4
练习： pK` 1pfih
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. &T.d"i
8. A. is MB7UI8
B. having /q| r!+
C. being v
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D. be
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（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 8y:/!r
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虚拟语气(2) j1zrjhXI
1. (should)+动词原形 Wd`*< +t]
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 m:}PVJ-"
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 cI Sugk~
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 Clz.
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部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 5)5$h]Nz>
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 J#.f%VJ
would rather +动词过去式 2xLEB&
真题剖析 WC T mf8f
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … O2pntKI
47. A. do Hs:0j$
B. did sL Kk1 A
C. don’t 1Clid\T,o
D. didn’t Ux,?\Vd
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. 8Y]% S9.
53. A. ordered bO i -QD
B. pleaded ~dO+kD
C. decided ^
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D. demanded <ni_78
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. DsB30
15. A. took Yd Z9##IU3
B. would take $:?Dyu(Il
C. will take )3IUKz%\6p
D. should take {q/;G!ON.S
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. S$O5jX 0
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) pCf9"LLer
54.A. shall sYq:2Wn>8Q
B.will f, '*f:(
C.would Z%Pv,h'Q
D.should \0W0 o5c$
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 *@ {
动名词、分词、不定式。 4 Q!|fn0Sv
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) 85f :!p
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) 4@+']vN4
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 ?I8r2M]
真题剖析 74
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(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. AdpJ4}|0
60. A. dropped C2aA])7 D
B. to drop `W >Sss
C. dropping 27+~!R~Yw
D.drops P(s:+
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. Y_}_)nE@m
59. A. destructive F [Lg,}
B. dissatisfied K^6d_b&
C. damaged .EPv4[2%F8
D. derivative =it @U/
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 ]b AVOKm-
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 Yi]
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How you got there doesn’t concern me. E] v]fy"
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. c|d,:u#
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 U {Knjo S
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. v
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3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 u(f Z ^
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 1 l/t|M^I
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). -uu&{$
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 D^2lb "3
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. !-N !Bt8;
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) &]Uo>Gb3!q
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) "G-h8IN^O
He no less than John is interested in literature. Ozhn`9L+1!
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) .he U
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Either my father or my brothers are coming.
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8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 9R2"(.U
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. WF-jy7+
真题剖析 )[c uYH>
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. _;U %`/T b
53. A. none Y8^ WuN$
B. few u]7wd3(
C. any A )4XQF
D. some wPm
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 )`(]j x!
全部倒装 rjiHP;-t1
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” `'^o 45
There stand big buildings in this district. |0oaEd
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Here on the desk lies a pile of books. @&E IH,c
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) tK .1
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In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. <K<#)mcv
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