（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 w#!b #TNc
1. 充当句子的状语。 hM "6-60
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 c]PG5f xf
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 O.z\
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4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) fq<JX5DE R
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. y*<x@i+h
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. .8dlf7* ,
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle).
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真题剖析 x2h5,.K
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. &rfl(&\oUi
45. A. For 60z8U#upM
B. As [ f;o3
C. With b]6@
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D. Because eufGU) M
练习： O6"S=o&
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. *?3c2Jg=E
8. A. is $2w][ d1
B. having lPZYd 8
C. being QW I)Y:<K/
D. be 5 >\~jf
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 !hjA
虚拟语气(2) v%@)
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1. (should)+动词原形 -g B9476-
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句
8/s?Gz
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 N4)ZPLV
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 k p3%"i&hD
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 b '%)?{E
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 * zt?y
would rather +动词过去式 {Jc.4 9
真题剖析 ; <l# k7 /
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … YY4q99^K
47. A. do s("\]K
B. did j;BlpRD}
C. don’t {s>V'+H(F
D. didn’t ^X;p8 uBo
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. <,*3Av
53. A. ordered [`kk<$=,&
B. pleaded \}71p zw(
C. decided u N4e n,
D. demanded #%g>^i={ky
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. oA?EJ ~%
15. A. took &B\ sG=
B. would take C6'K)P[p
C. will take d7S?"JpV
D. should take "7Z-ACyF5
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. 3EHB~rL/C
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) C55Av%-=
54.A. shall IG OEqUw*
B.will sYbmL`{
C.would @b!W8c 6
D.should Zs4NN 2 ~
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 <eZ*LK?
动名词、分词、不定式。 >a&IFi,j
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) qOy0QZ#0
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) Zo,066'+[.
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 &
M: o(T
真题剖析 ]T6pH7~
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. R?IRE91 :
60. A. dropped w+wtr[;wwL
B. to drop VVDW= G
C. dropping dI|D c
D.drops 7]9,J(:Ed
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. Nv^b yWqu
59. A. destructive |Sm/s;&c6
B. dissatisfied 80ox$ U
C. damaged zez|l
D. derivative l6 L?jiTl_
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 l
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1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 7WwE] ^M
How you got there doesn’t concern me. lh[?`+A
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. Z/dhp0k
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 j8nkNE]&
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. XMiu}w!
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 v` {N0 R
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 [h
8s0
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). ]A x z}:
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 yYaoA/0
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. Mc < u?H
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) 0|J_'-<
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) y$_@C8?H
He no less than John is interested in literature. hHGuD2%
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) +[<YE
Either my father or my brothers are coming. E5$]0#jB
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 tAF?. \x"g
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. ICvV}%d
真题剖析 __2<v?\
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. t* =[ RS*
53. A. none >WIc" y.
B. few X!p`|i
C. any Aeb(b+=
D. some =29IHL
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（五）考博英语语法：倒装 w y|^=#k
全部倒装 tqZ+2c<W3
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” xwf-kwF8^
There stand big buildings in this district. <;6{R#Tuh
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. ,|{`(y/v
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) U} RBgPX!
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. motK}G
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