（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 [U ezi1I
1. 充当句子的状语。 ?.:C+*+
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 R4"g?
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3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 /._wXH
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) 9 z,?DBMvc
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. bf
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b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. <3QE3;4
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). aIk%$M at
真题剖析 Z8Fb
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(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. /r|^Dc Nx
45. A. For aU2O5 z&
B. As A1p;Ye>o~
C. With "}|n;:r
D. Because !E> *Mn
练习： j3 ~: \H
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. W\zg#5fmK
8. A. is 7,_N9Q]rB
B. having ?G1-X~ Z8
C. being bxO8q5 7
D. be vI#\ Qe
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 H__9%p#
虚拟语气(2) GLt#]I"LY
1. (should)+动词原形 yuk64o2QE
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 AU$W=Z*
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 N9Yc\?_NU_
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 Q! ]
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 sn/^#Aa=N
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 ! SD?
would rather +动词过去式 ^$24231^
真题剖析 8,#v7ns}#
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … _NA0$bGN9
47. A. do \q(RqD
B. did a [iC!F2
C. don’t uv}[MXOP
D. didn’t + %=Ao6/#
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. +y>D 3
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53. A. ordered Ti!j
B. pleaded kz(%8qi8&
C. decided M ZB0vdx
D. demanded Y{B|*[xM
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. D:U:( pg
15. A. took YW}q@A Y7
B. would take KTD# a1W
C. will take 29
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D. should take 13I
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(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. O7I:Y85i#O
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) p[VBeO^%
54.A. shall r]sv50Fy
B.will XL>c TM
C.would x1W<r)A )r
D.should ,OsF v}v7
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 7c1xB.g
动名词、分词、不定式。 zdrCr0Rx,
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) $J>GCY
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) d>*?C!xE
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 Mdsn"Y V
真题剖析 bYGK}:T8U
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. Q3vC^}Dmr
60. A. dropped ce{(5IC
B. to drop T3,"g=
C. dropping (= } cc
D.drops 9>\P]:
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. !qsk;Vk7Z
59. A. destructive XW
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B. dissatisfied -B-?z?+(O
C. damaged S
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D. derivative d0$ dQg
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 w DswK "T
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 dznHR 6x
How you got there doesn’t concern me. < 7N 8L
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. <
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2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 ngJi;9X8*t
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. 2c`
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3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 $Y.Z>I;
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 SQ!
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Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). 5ws|4V
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 7 zo)t1H1
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. ^*.S7.;2o
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) y+xw`gR:
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) F F<xsoZJ
He no less than John is interested in literature. )D\cm7WX^[
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) <Wc9 8m
Either my father or my brothers are coming. *lHI\5
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 F7$x5h@
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. :N03$Tvl
真题剖析 rmpx8C Y"
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. l{oAqTN
53. A. none |O0=Q,<m
B. few o('W2Bs-o
C. any ,Q|[Yr
D. some mXZOkx{
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 jP'.a. ^o$
全部倒装 xb#M{EE-.
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” tln*
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There stand big buildings in this district. gQy {OU
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. S" ?py=7
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) ' k~'aZ
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. "0Xa?z8"
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