（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 gR)T(%W
1. 充当句子的状语。 Ie(vTP1Cj
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 !\.%^LK1
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 zoYw[YP 9
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) )8Defuxk
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. '1]Iu@?
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. Pl4$`Qw#y
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). X_Vj&{
真题剖析 )0Av:eF-+
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. ^ mbpt `@
45. A. For Tl9KL%9
B. As {Muw4DV
C. With dLQV>oF
D. Because 5!Y51R^c
练习： ]i\C4*
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. 4$D:<8B
8. A. is J R='c)6:
B. having zb/w^~J _i
C. being X!r9
D. be | ,k,X}gP
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 ^M60#gJ
虚拟语气(2) |pB [g> ~V
1. (should)+动词原形 p:]k H
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 alM
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X
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 TqURYnNd
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 k
i `7S
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 z Q tg]@S
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 S`ms[^-q*
would rather +动词过去式 Q)oO*CnM!-
真题剖析 NbyVBl0=
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … *3 _@#Uu7
47. A. do "_Wv,CYmNr
B. did !
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C. don’t u
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D. didn’t Cf# [E~2 4
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. k!Y7 Rc{"
53. A. ordered "0 al"?
B. pleaded % j4
C. decided U2 0@B`<
D. demanded E:,V{&tLK
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. 8RS=Xemds
15. A. took 7Ddo ^Gtx
B. would take Nrp0z:
C. will take 7V Wq8FH`
D. should take 8I o- -Ew3
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. +AVYypql8K
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.)
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54.A. shall u_+64c_7
B.will @S H%l]
C.would JVO,@~~
D.should q.]>uBAQ?
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 r=
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动名词、分词、不定式。 35 /)S@
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) }%z {tn
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) yHS=8!
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 @ I{v
真题剖析 6 wk/ IJ`
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. [UqJ3@ >
60. A. dropped Oy>u/g~
B. to drop &p>VT D
C. dropping H=2sT +S p
D.drops ;9w: %c1
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. f=0U&~
59. A. destructive }Yd7<"kp
B. dissatisfied O>P792)
C. damaged rkw^ RW^
D. derivative <=m@Sg{ o
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 !`j}%!K!
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 N%8O9Dp8;
How you got there doesn’t concern me. fQZ,kl
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. \*5`@ >_
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 s zg q7
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. 2D, EWk/4
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 *AE
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4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 p#['CqP8
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). xiv1y4(%
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 1: cD\
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. 85$W\d
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) nJEm&"AI
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) lLq9)+HGN
He no less than John is interested in literature. KHK|Zu#k '
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) z qd_^
Either my father or my brothers are coming. {5 <3./5O
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 +mc0:e{W F
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. 4g ^nhJP$
真题剖析 M oIq)5/
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. "qb1 jv#to
53. A. none u ##. t
B. few e -sZ_<GH
C. any V/
a!&_ ""
D. some $j ZU(<4,
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 %hEhZW{:
全部倒装 F=/@D)hND
1. “There (Here) +be+主语”
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There stand big buildings in this district. }3{ x G+,
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. J Iw=Bs
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) AD_aI
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In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. ,!m][
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