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主题 : 2016考博英语语法详解汇总
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楼主  发表于: 2015-10-30   

2016考博英语语法详解汇总

(一)考博英语语法:独立主格       ^m5{:\ Xk  
  1. 充当句子的状语。 ln3.TR*  
  2. 有自己的主语,同句子的主语不一致。 ]qXfg c  
  3. 名词(代词,形容词,副词,介词)+ 分词 V-jo2+Y5=  
  4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) AKS(WNGEp  
  例:a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. YN\ QwV  
  b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. Sm-nb*ZyC  
  c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). $+ ?6U  
  真题剖析 (+4=A k  
  (1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are  46  of the material which would 47 feed them. U_14CLs dG  
  45. A. For /R^!~J50  
  B. As 6jKM,%l  
  C. With n:7=z0 s  
  D. Because $ i =-A  
  练习:  f(9w FT  
  Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. !FO92 P16  
  8. A. is FCI38?`%  
  B. having 4E"qpy \(  
  C. being 0V1kZ.  
  D. be ~L?p/3m   
  (二)考博英语语法:虚拟语气 ~>{<r{H"S  
  虚拟语气(2) 5Lue.U%a  
  1. (should)+动词原形 b#$:XS  
  It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 J,IOp-  
  It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 vnIxI a  
  It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 -"(e*&TJ#  
  部分名词/动词(表示建议,劝告,决定等) +that从句 OY?uqP}c  
  2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 ]ImS@!Ajjx  
  would rather +动词过去式 xv1$,|^ts  
  真题剖析 QO|ODW+D  
  (1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … "ebn0<cZ  
  47. A. do h#;yA"j1&  
  B. did ,kLeK{   
  C. don’t ]Q^oc  
  D. didn’t )TXn7{M:  
  (1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they  53 that the professor be sent home. L@v0C)  
  53. A. ordered b>fDb J0  
  B. pleaded j8N8|\n-  
  C. decided ,m0=zH4+:  
  D. demanded v^KJU +  
  练习:Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that   we__15__ this message to heart. :@Q_oyWE8  
  15. A. took _gU [FUBtJ  
  B. would take  ^gv)[  
  C. will take 8whjPn0  
  D. should take {_Wtk@  
  (2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. c?wFEADn  
  (even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) [;};qQ-C2  
  54.A. shall BhNwC[G?m  
  B.will oq;}q  
  C.would {K:/(\  
  D.should x~KS;hA  
  (三)考博英语语法:非谓语动词 b/<4\f  
  动名词、分词、不定式。 8f#YUK sW=  
  主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) 1=#`&f5f&  
  发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) =(v/pLLK?  
  To在什么情况下作介词,什么情况下作不定式引导词。 '?Hy"5gUA  
  真题剖析 LgB}!OLQ  
  (2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. >Utn[']~  
  60. A. dropped "BEU%,w  
  B. to drop _3ZZ-=J:=*  
  C. dropping E-n!3RQ(w  
  D.drops .'>r?%a  
  (2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining   relationships, from developing in human ways. .bew,92  
  59. A. destructive u;y1leG  
  B. dissatisfied OB5{EILej  
  C. damaged 0(0Ep(Vj  
  D. derivative iSHNt0Nl  
  (四)考博英语语法:主谓一致 :Im_=S[0  
  1. 整体及抽象概念作主语,谓语通常用单数形式。 vR#A7y @ !  
  How you got there doesn’t concern me. 5wr0+Xo  
  Growing vegetables needs constant watering. vFy /  
  2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语,谓语多用单数。 ;`@DQvVZ:  
  Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. + ^4"  
  3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等),谓语通常用单数形式。 i_f"?X;D  
  4. “分数或百分数+主语”,谓语跟主语保持一致。 ^8E/I]-  
  Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). %p^C,B{7w  
  5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语,谓语用单数。 hoeOdWI pf  
  Everyone knows that you’ve come here. , lT8gQ|u  
  If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.  (--thing 的情况例外) IjD: hR@  
  6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) >q4nQ/eP  
  He no less than John is interested in literature. Hya*7l']B  
  7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) h jW RU#  
  Either my father or my brothers are coming. Q8T4_p [-o  
  8. each,every,many a, no …+主语,谓语用单数。  E70  
  Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. Xs*~ [k'  
  真题剖析 T3wR0,  
  (2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. <)y'Ot0 y  
  53. A. none v]Pw]m5=U  
  B. few 5|Vb)QBv%  
  C. any %[;<'s5e~  
  D. some 6WI_JbT~  
  (五)考博英语语法:倒装 KiH#*u S  
  全部倒装 R0-ARq#0<  
  1. “There (Here) +be+主语” tE<L4;t  
  There stand big buildings in this district. hW _NARA  
  Here on the desk lies a pile of books. li,kW`j+t  
  2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆,如it blew up.) c-z=(Z  
  In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. j3sUZg|d  
m <a Mb  
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