（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 Ka{Zoi]
1. 充当句子的状语。
Hm*#HT%#
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 T,> e\
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 _" V0vV
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) k({8C`&tK/
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. UkV] F]
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. w[-Bsf
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). mo$*KNW%\
真题剖析 rgY~8PY"
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. =T]OYk
45. A. For {%Sw w:
B. As h6t>yC \
C. With R&0l4g-4>
D. Because 2Oa -c|F
练习： Tp13V.|
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do.
Ex3 woT-
8. A. is %?jf.p*kY
B. having rge/jE,^~Z
C. being ?da 3Azp
D. be kZNZ?A <D
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 %ZK}y{u\
虚拟语气(2) rGWTp N
1. (should)+动词原形 7@
? b _
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 =F4}
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 U sTPNQj
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 Ipe; %as#
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 y(k2p
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 ;l'
I. j
would rather +动词过去式 l
;uEw
真题剖析 @w0[5ZA j
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … U VT8TN-T
47. A. do Ar==@777j
B. did QVpZ
A,
C. don’t _$
0Ix6y,
D. didn’t !NCT) #G`
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. l-
l}xBf
53. A. ordered yl}Hr*
B. pleaded N mQ]qv
C. decided
kBzzi^cl
D. demanded m"*: XfOL
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. g:Dg?_o
15. A. took { at;
U@o
B. would take Aq"_hjp
C. will take *s^5 BLI9
D. should take Lh}he:k+
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. ? _W*7<
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) `Ao: }
54.A. shall 3{ci]h`:y8
B.will UZ1 lI>
C.would (\}I OCNS
D.should W{0:8_EI
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 ;Gi w7a)
动名词、分词、不定式。 a5'QL(IX
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) y hIg)/?L
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) AKpux,@xB
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 0^m02\Li
真题剖析 p})&Zl)
V
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. m[}$&i$(
60. A. dropped J=$v+8&.
B. to drop +|.#<]GA
C. dropping ZD,l 2DQ?
D.drops 4MM# \
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways.
={fi&j
59. A. destructive 9$ _}E`
B. dissatisfied {?C7BClB
C. damaged '~@WJKk
D. derivative 8]Pf:_e,+
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 ~7ArH9k .
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 _uBf.Qfs
How you got there doesn’t concern me. [)*
fN|Hy
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. *) w p
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 D1w_Vpz
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. +?c
&Gazi
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 T|E ;U
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 } {lOsZA
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). oreS u;`$
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 ht1
jrCe
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. 0nv3JX^l]
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) |6&"r&
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) pZH
bj2~
He no less than John is interested in literature. -du+iOe?
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) @<};Bo'
Either my father or my brothers are coming. )N} xKw |
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 ]-R8W/fDn
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. Pd3t~1TaW
真题剖析 *kDXx&7B$
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. d>(dSK x
53. A. none ^lQej%
B. few m, *f6g
C. any UP,(zK TA
D. some c
d: O@)i
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 A\=:h AQ
全部倒装 >8 RIMW2
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” Jb0]!*tV
There stand big buildings in this district. nrZv> r
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. |C5i3?
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) M xCs0::w
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. %2 >FSE
j Sddjs
