（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 O]LuL&=s y
1. 充当句子的状语。 2o5< nGn
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 /lok3J:
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 B148wh#r
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) D&d:>.~u
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. tU2;Wb!Y
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. F"P:9`/
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). c,%>7U(w_
真题剖析 _~q^YZ
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. M!DoR6
45. A. For T.dO0$,Q@$
B. As ~{!!= @6
C. With uM<+2 S
D. Because
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练习： #_|^C(]!
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. I~6 ;9TlQ
8. A. is rzj'!~>U
B. having M_)T=s *
C. being LMzYsXG*[
D. be e(5R8u d
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 4 /vQ=t
虚拟语气(2) < Y6>L};
1. (should)+动词原形 V$D
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It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 "n- xsAG
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 !]T|=yw
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 ?`}U|]c
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 @"2-tn@q_
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 LEa:{s<:
would rather +动词过去式
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真题剖析 +y #979A,
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … |@|D''u>6
47. A. do x B[#
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B. did { ,srj['RS
C. don’t A
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D. didn’t z [{%.kA
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. t|_g O!
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53. A. ordered $5O&[/L
B. pleaded >cLZP#^\2E
C. decided l6O(+*6Us
D. demanded )63w &
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. =!aV?kNS8
15. A. took i ib- \j4d
B. would take $>Do&TU
C. will take s3S73fNOk
D. should take %/p 5C
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. yR-.OF,c
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) IYPI5qCR
54.A. shall dXQWT@$y!E
B.will &nn" :
C.would c$TBHK;c
D.should N0NMRU]zT
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 Q}]u n]]Zt
动名词、分词、不定式。 J<D =\
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) hw1s^:|+2
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) q m_\#r
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 A2 r RYzN;
真题剖析 mJ HX
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. _GS2&|7`
60. A. dropped F);C?SW
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B. to drop <@P0sd
C. dropping 6gn|WO=W f
D.drops u]"R AH
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. Iq9 +
59. A. destructive N|; cG[W
B. dissatisfied |?8wy
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C. damaged 7u; B[qH
D. derivative ft5 Bk'ZJ
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 UqH7e c
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 $%<gp@Gz
How you got there doesn’t concern me. s<{c?4 T
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. '5IJ;4
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2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 CwAl -o
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. _oWenF
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 Q{ RHW@_/
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 n
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Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). 8w$c j'
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 /dO& r'!:
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. RZ -w,~
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) 7}x
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6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等)
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He no less than John is interested in literature. $iV3>>;eh
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) Z hw _L
Either my father or my brothers are coming. Y?> S
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8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。
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Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. U+W8
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真题剖析 r`5;G4UI
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. 6rk/74gI,a
53. A. none nC z[#
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B. few t
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C. any 4>(?R[:p)
D. some E3`KO'v%
（五）考博英语语法：倒装
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全部倒装 c$p1Sovw
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” NKd):>d%
There stand big buildings in this district. k (Ow.nkb
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. ;e-iiC]PI
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) :D&QGw(n
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man.
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