（一）考博英语语法：独立主格
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1. 充当句子的状语。 CH_Dat >
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 L!Zxc~
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 SIBIh- L
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) l o;9sTUHT
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. 1X_!%Z
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. f!kdc r=/"
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). Wes "t}[25
真题剖析 % |Gzht\
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. \U =>
45. A. For G;#t6bk
B. As }6{
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C. With C]cT*B^
D. Because D@ 1^:'$V
练习： z8[|LF-dx
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. u2m{Yx |
8. A. is Y%cA2V\#m
B. having G/;aZ
C. being ~=g
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D. be #Lt+6sa]2@
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 lSv;wwEg
虚拟语气(2) @{GxQzo
1. (should)+动词原形 >-WO w
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 T7nX8{l[RG
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 !x / Z"
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 Jy
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部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 weadY,-H8
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 (
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would rather +动词过去式 dllf~:b
真题剖析 5Jd {Ev
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … }n8;A;axi
47. A. do ON! G{=7
B. did A{T@O5ucj
C. don’t l
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D. didn’t UoT}m^ G
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. JNCtsfd
53. A. ordered #$T"QL@
B. pleaded < R%6L&
C. decided 1caod0gor
D. demanded PX/0 jv
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. .Sw'Bo!Ee
15. A. took 7OHw/-j\
B. would take |H
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C. will take 1D DOUV
D. should take <OB~ 60h"
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing.
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(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) N'.+ezZ;h
54.A. shall a}hM}U!
B.will Q(7l<z
C.would zjE4v-H:l
D.should nmrk-#._@9
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 EOC"a}Cq-
动名词、分词、不定式。 bd}SB -D
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) ,Yz+?SmSZ&
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) VHNiTp
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 z|H>jit+
真题剖析 N DG Bv
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(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. rNp#5[e
60. A. dropped !~v>&bCG>9
B. to drop "KwKO8 f
C. dropping KR0
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D.drops i*j
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(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. ns k
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59. A. destructive G> >_G<x
B. dissatisfied h65j, v6B
C. damaged CVp<SS(
D. derivative Eq{TZV
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 { VO4""m
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 {c; 3$
How you got there doesn’t concern me. ]+P
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Growing vegetables needs constant watering. ,pz C J@5
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 SGm? "esEt
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. Y[4B{
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 ;0'v`ob'.?
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 !) 34tu2
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). p6'8l~W +
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 VWa
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Everyone knows that you’ve come here. =d
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If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) e
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6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) u7d]%<~'$F
He no less than John is interested in literature. bE~lc}%
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) T^_9R
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Either my father or my brothers are coming. .&y1gh!=
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 R8l 9i2
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. xTT>3Fj
真题剖析 g :U ul4
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. Z tVa*xl
53. A. none WmA578|l!
B. few 8*wI^ *Q
C. any VM[8w`
D. some "|if<hx+
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 DZue .or
全部倒装 AM>:At Y
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” \+xsJbEV
There stand big buildings in this district.
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Here on the desk lies a pile of books. rzu^br9X
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) U,'n}]=4A3
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. 2xX7dl(c C
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