（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 /U= ?D(>x
1. 充当句子的状语。 .2SD)<}(9
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 BrsBB"<o,
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 }VqC yJu&{
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) HJ!P]X_J1
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. C,,S<=L:
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. R2y~+tko?
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). .`^wRpa2M
真题剖析
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(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. 90">l^HX=
45. A. For r[3 2'E
B. As 4]no#lVRJ
C. With > Dq&[9,8
D. Because QoS]QY'bZ
练习： tw&biLM5T
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. lGX8kAv?
8. A. is [q~3$mjQ
B. having dy t.( 2
C. being `A$zLqz)Vm
D. be 2Jqr"|sw
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 >Slu?{l'
虚拟语气(2) O[R
1. (should)+动词原形 [ip}f4K
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 J:0`* 7
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 a
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It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 1Wz5I
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部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 ._(5; PB"
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 m>+ e;5
would rather +动词过去式 k];fQ7}m<0
真题剖析 H' x_}y
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … c6LPqPcN
47. A. do jiP^Hz "e
B. did L[lS
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C. don’t [#/@ v/`
D. didn’t iH)-8Q
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. ~4M?[E&
53. A. ordered P
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B. pleaded rG{,8*
C. decided XvkFP'%i/
D. demanded xN 44>3#
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. ;b ^" b{
15. A. took
!} L
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B. would take 6Wc.iomx8
C. will take |. LE`
D. should take z&Lcl{<MA
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. =VF %Z[Gm
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) iTJE:[W"y
54.A. shall _yc &'Wq
B.will 2E0$R %\
C.would DQ= /Jr~
D.should u-HBmL
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 w~WW 2 w
动名词、分词、不定式。 r*t\F& D
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) '<&rMn
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) qp2&Z8S\D
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 O
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真题剖析 Mtq^6`JJ'
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. a
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60. A. dropped <CGJ:% AY
B. to drop u51Lp
C. dropping nSB@xP#&
D.drops swG!O}29OX
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. D' oy%
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59. A. destructive L ] !M1\
B. dissatisfied T&s}~S=m
C. damaged Un\
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D. derivative Ep1p>s^
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 Y H'j"|{
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 gR@," 6b3
How you got there doesn’t concern me. O@sJ#i>
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. Ys@G0}\3G
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 HHg[6aw
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on.
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3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 uui3jZ:
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 lW3wmSWn%
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water).
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5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 &,C;_3
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. FmC
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If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) n_@cjO
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) ><"0GPxrx
He no less than John is interested in literature. HiT j-O
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) l$3YJ.n|s~
Either my father or my brothers are coming. }+i ~JK
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 Wtqv
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. (v1~p3H
真题剖析 _
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(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. %mMPALN]{
53. A. none <F<jx"/)
B. few H: _R[u4r
C. any GNab\M.
D. some ?`U=Ps
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 9y( 491"o
全部倒装 iBaz1pDc
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” j|2s./!Qg
There stand big buildings in this district. HAc1w]{(
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. _"G./X
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) hLF ;MH@
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. x5 ?>y {6D
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