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主题 : 2016考博英语语法详解汇总
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楼主  发表于: 2015-10-30   

2016考博英语语法详解汇总

(一)考博英语语法:独立主格       a4&Aw7"X  
  1. 充当句子的状语。 :i>If:>g  
  2. 有自己的主语,同句子的主语不一致。 NwyNl  
  3. 名词(代词,形容词,副词,介词)+ 分词 E NrcIZ  
  4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) #%g>^i={ky  
  例:a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. oA?EJ~%  
  b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. &B\ sG=  
  c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). :%>)S  
  真题剖析 e2yCWolmTS  
  (1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are  46  of the material which would 47 feed them. s:3b.*t<  
  45. A. For 14DhJUV"b  
  B. As HR ;I}J 9  
  C. With jyB Ys& v  
  D. Because U$ 46=F|  
  练习: qKrxln/T  
  Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. ]$=#:uf  
  8. A. is 4]#$YehM5  
  B. having ~dk97Z8  
  C. being ~F8xXW0  
  D. be 2u$rloc$b  
  (二)考博英语语法:虚拟语气 h5(OjlMC  
  虚拟语气(2) z'7XGO'Lo  
  1. (should)+动词原形 (vp#?-i  
  It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 ]GO=8$Z  
  It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 bz}-[W+  
  It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 c]n"1YNm  
  部分名词/动词(表示建议,劝告,决定等) +that从句 loC~wm%Ql  
  2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 _M+7)[xj=  
  would rather +动词过去式 Y::O*I2  
  真题剖析 7MGvw-Tpb7  
  (1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … A'.=SA2.Y  
  47. A. do e^'|<0J  
  B. did =^Sx Z Bn  
  C. don’t Tw7]   
  D. didn’t Cv}^]_`Q  
  (1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they  53 that the professor be sent home. ,ga6   
  53. A. ordered 2WTOu x*  
  B. pleaded 0 zE@?.  
  C. decided QZtQogNy#  
  D. demanded v`{N0R  
  练习:Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that   we__15__ this message to heart. Le:(;:eL>t  
  15. A. took Sg4{IU  
  B. would take yYaoA/0  
  C. will take Mc <u?H  
  D. should take WN<g _8QR  
  (2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. 9Msy=qvYG  
  (even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) R|v'+bv  
  54.A. shall yIrJaS-  
  B.will c!_c, vwrn  
  C.would o8Gygi5  
  D.should Pc_aEBq  
  (三)考博英语语法:非谓语动词 7 @ )  
  动名词、分词、不定式。 ! 5NuFLOf  
  主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) : n QlS  
  发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) D:;idUO  
  To在什么情况下作介词,什么情况下作不定式引导词。 dH!z<~  
  真题剖析 xC,x_:R`  
  (2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. i=cST8!8N  
  60. A. dropped 3iIy_nWC  
  B. to drop Aeb(b+=  
  C. dropping b:D92pH  
  D.drops v6s,lC5qR  
  (2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining   relationships, from developing in human ways. 0Gc@AG{  
  59. A. destructive 1^4:l!0D  
  B. dissatisfied ^>?=L\[  
  C. damaged 3o%vV*  
  D. derivative pA6KiY&  
  (四)考博英语语法:主谓一致 yQE' !m  
  1. 整体及抽象概念作主语,谓语通常用单数形式。 b,E?{uG  
  How you got there doesn’t concern me. y %Q. (  
  Growing vegetables needs constant watering. A^>@6d $2  
  2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语,谓语多用单数。 V0=%$tH  
  Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. d )O^(y1r  
  3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等),谓语通常用单数形式。 =~GP;=6  
  4. “分数或百分数+主语”,谓语跟主语保持一致。 [O W <<6  
  Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). YV<y-,Io  
  5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语,谓语用单数。 U`%t&7)  
  Everyone knows that you’ve come here. z3jk xWAZ  
  If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.  (--thing 的情况例外)  X0VS a{  
  6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) D%p*G5Bg3  
  He no less than John is interested in literature. > S>*JP  
  7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) mGjB{Q+  
  Either my father or my brothers are coming. 9 {&g.+  
  8. each,every,many a, no …+主语,谓语用单数。 P:"R;YCvE  
  Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. >fH0>W+!  
  真题剖析 ABN4kM>%  
  (2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded.  zm"  
  53. A. none eV[{c %wN:  
  B. few N1a]y/  
  C. any J~m$7T3Af  
  D. some T/_u;My;  
  (五)考博英语语法:倒装 rwRZGd *p  
  全部倒装 c/|{yp$Ga>  
  1. “There (Here) +be+主语” i#[8I-OtN/  
  There stand big buildings in this district. o,*m,Qc  
  Here on the desk lies a pile of books. ;@wa\H[3v2  
  2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆,如it blew up.) DYf QlA  
  In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. \'m7un  
;6G]~}>o  
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