（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 +5IC-=
ZB
1. 充当句子的状语。 5W~-|8 m
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 $09PZBF,i
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 '*,P33h9<!
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) iH[ .u{h
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. $Hbd:1%i
{
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. 2%zJI"Ic
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). cp g+-Zf%
真题剖析 H@!kgaNF
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. #{oGmzG!
45. A. For dqo&3^px
B. As %K|+4ZY3
C. With Ci?A4q$.
D. Because q%x
q\L.
练习： " .:b43Z
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. :VEy\ R>W
8. A. is ,V}Vxq3
B. having 'HdOW[3o
C. being ; YK{[$F
D. be d|c> Y(
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 vx&jI$t 8
虚拟语气(2) 5o dtYI%L
1. (should)+动词原形 ?()$i
mb*
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 E:C-k^/[Y
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 gvx
{;e
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句
t/HUG#W{
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 DoYzTSWx
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 Hlg Q0qb
would rather +动词过去式 4H\+vJPM
真题剖析 ?{Gf'Y}y&
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … %G%D[ i]
47. A. do b jq1",
B. did STxreW1
C. don’t ?TXe.h |u
D. didn’t 9J!@,Zsh
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. NpIx\\d
53. A. ordered V u`O%[Q/
B. pleaded w u
C. decided MiX*PqNTM
D. demanded Qs^ Rh F\d
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. 07?| "c.
15. A. took l]GUQcN=
B. would take F9SkEf
]99
C. will take < CJ`A5N
D. should take ?_+h+{/@B
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. aNW!Y':*
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) e I 6G
54.A. shall Y
lY3C
B.will xfE: r:
C.would U6pG
D.should 5ecAev^1-
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 0{Kb1Ut
动名词、分词、不定式。 Ba9le|c5
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) Zu$30&U
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) f~LM-7!zf}
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 &mM[q 'V
真题剖析 oA _,jsD4
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. ^h :%%\2
60. A. dropped /puM3ZN
B. to drop #_,
l7q8U
C. dropping >q:0w{.TU
D.drops Vko1{$}t
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. ]Y%?k Q^
59. A. destructive DKjkO5R\
B. dissatisfied {hr+ENgV
C. damaged @"6dq;"
D. derivative %U.aRSf/
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 oWZbfR9R
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 k-v@sb24_
How you got there doesn’t concern me. BJM_kKH
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. xJvM
l`2;
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 PLi [T4u
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. f
2sv$#'
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 QT;mCD=OD
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 v Kzq7E
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). X676*;:!.
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 9` /\|t|V
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. ![wV}. }
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) X]?qns7
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) y % X{[F
He no less than John is interested in literature. nyZUf{:
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) 6#/Riu%
Either my father or my brothers are coming. ? jywW$
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 je^!W?U4<
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. D&0@k'
真题剖析 I/ pv0
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. \X5> HPB
53. A. none &ACM:&Ob
B. few [@U2a$k+d
C. any 87P.K Yy
D. some 2=3pV!)4 }
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 69U[kW&
全部倒装 D8otU DB {
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” >&0)d7Nu8m
There stand big buildings in this district. #x"dWi (
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. 7-nz'-'
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) O]OZt,k(
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. n3, ?klK
%m:T?
