（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 3O P.12^
1. 充当句子的状语。 3]/.\(2
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 .:y5 U}vR
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 F;u_7OM
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) kUa)smh
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. }>}1oUCi
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. r` 6:Q&&
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). J 02^i5l
真题剖析 c@R; /m:R
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. S~)w\(r
45. A. For 40#9]=;}
B. As oM,- VUr
C. With {38\vX,I(w
D. Because aV6#t*\J
练习： `8:K[gp
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do.
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8. A. is pQWHG#?7
B. having NfzF.{nh
C. being WeMAe
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D. be *:hy Y!x
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 p&N#_dmlH
虚拟语气(2) s8<gK.atl
1. (should)+动词原形 ~/-eyxLTm
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 ]@
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It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 7G9 3,dJ
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 s B
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部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 d]wD[]
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 u\1>gDI )|
would rather +动词过去式 1 S:|3W
真题剖析 |/`%3'4H
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … i
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47. A. do oxz{ ejd{
B. did % .HJK
C. don’t =!b6FjsiG
D. didn’t gTf| ^?vd
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. 9 X}I>
53. A. ordered J
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B. pleaded !mJo'K
C. decided ;xYNX
D. demanded HMGB >
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. 3=0E!e
15. A. took {Q Av~S>4
B. would take wBSQ:f]g
C. will take ;#/@+4@a&
D. should take \nqkA{;B{
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing.
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(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) |N /G'>TS
54.A. shall *Zk>2<^R
B.will K2)!h.W
C.would Guw}=l--YR
D.should OhZgcUqQ8
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 J:*-gwv9*m
动名词、分词、不定式。 8 IQtz2
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) n/d`qS
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) =T?}N t
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 d UrElXbXd
真题剖析 LW6ZAETyL
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. xM >W2
60. A. dropped ;*TIM%6#
B. to drop LkruL_E>
C. dropping uA t V".
D.drops z4%uN |V
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. H 9XvO
59. A. destructive tc ;'oMUP
B. dissatisfied E51 dV:l
C. damaged q%n 6K
D. derivative $,=6[T!z+e
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 ]B"'}%>ez
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 Pt:e!qX)
How you got there doesn’t concern me. rEhX/(n#
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. h`
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2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 hd\gH^wk
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. : JzI >/
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 K5ZC:Ks
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 [v 7^i_d
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). ,[S+T.Cu
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 :P,sxDlG)
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. qf@q]wtar
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) `e9$, h|4
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) B[=( #W
He no less than John is interested in literature. w\54j)r b
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) rk+#GO{
Either my father or my brothers are coming. K 8n4oz#z
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 bmN q[}
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. {,*"3O:\:
真题剖析 p.ANVA@:
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. j ?y LDLj
53. A. none d(vsE%/!
B. few 2LrJ>Mi
C. any R>DaOH2K*
D. some w%WF-:u7|
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 Um1[sMc{au
全部倒装 4 S~o-`&W
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” 8N:owK
There stand big buildings in this district. q@b| F-
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. O: @}lK+H
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) <%x S{!'}
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. )jq?lw'&
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