（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 g`)3m,\
1. 充当句子的状语。 !+& NG&1
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 zYpIG8"o5
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 }hyK/QUCoN
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) * 2[&26D
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. !_ E E|#`n
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. ]_I<-}?;
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). n>>hfxv(O!
真题剖析 jjBcoQU$o
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. 2T5@~^:7u
45. A. For [?Y u3E\
B. As acB,u &
C. With `}k!Sq G
D. Because 95(c{
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练习： 9;dP7o
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. 1 j o.d
8. A. is o"[P++qd
B. having V)R-w`
C. being H: U1#bQQ:
D. be H ;*:XLPF
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 yHQ.EZ~%
虚拟语气(2) *-Lnsi^7v
1. (should)+动词原形 W~W^$A
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 yN{Yb
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It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 w|Zq5| [
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 \#tr4g~u
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 g%j z,|
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 }
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would rather +动词过去式 , ~K_rNNZ
真题剖析 Q
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(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … "R*B~73
47. A. do A6iy
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B. did <
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C. don’t +6gS]
D. didn’t
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(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. q6j]j~JxB
53. A. ordered 7{ <F6F^P
B. pleaded 5 R"b1
C. decided ^~BJu#uVyy
D. demanded k[v n:
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. r`<e vwIe
15. A. took WM@uxe ,
B. would take "A/kL@ -C
C. will take u'32nf?
D. should take sn Ekei|0
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. Tf ZO0GL$
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) m
54.A. shall <K97eAc W
B.will jG.*tuf
C.would 6@I7UL >
D.should D 'u+3
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 a
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动名词、分词、不定式。 S [u <vHy
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) `8y &
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) 6Nl$&jL
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 m+u>%Ys`
真题剖析 J}YI-t
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. pGcc6q 1
60. A. dropped vc!S{4bN
B. to drop &x3"Rq_
C. dropping %fyb?6?Y
D.drops 7<tqT
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(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. lLJb3[
e.
59. A. destructive zHU#Jjc_b
B. dissatisfied bF Vd v&
C. damaged iwVr a"y
D. derivative R utW{wh
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 g
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1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 D4vmBVT
How you got there doesn’t concern me. $%E9^F
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. %1<p1u'r?#
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 0!VLPA:
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. w2,T.3DT
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 [!
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4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 h@~X*yLKh
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). bSR<d
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 (p?3
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Everyone knows that you’ve come here. A{J 1 n
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) oe*&w9Y}&
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) ~fF }
He no less than John is interested in literature. -5cH$]1\
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) )ra66E
Either my father or my brothers are coming. {^kG<v.vV
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 eE{L>u
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. ;
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真题剖析
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(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. ;F""}wzn
53. A. none !:<UgbiVv
B. few 7ILa H|eN
C. any --twkD
D. some o1WidJ"
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 !"J # ,e|
全部倒装 NoO+xLHw8
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” H 1D;:n
There stand big buildings in this district. -?nT mzRc
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. 6eT'[Umx
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) R
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In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. 5g1M_8e'+
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