（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 r ]~]-VZ
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1. 充当句子的状语。 &rG]]IO
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 Uz]=`F8
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 (gcy3BX;
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) WBz PSnS2
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. Sb)}
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. ZR{YpLFQ
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). 8S[bt@v
真题剖析 ,&Zk6
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(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. %y)hYLOJ
45. A. For {!.w}
B. As aouYPxA`
C. With v9t'CMU
D. Because YNp-A.o
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练习： /Vx
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Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. \3F)M `g
8. A. is Mdu\ci)lr
B. having 9}q)AL-ga
C. being PklJU:Pu\U
D. be ,bB}
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（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 {e ., $'#
虚拟语气(2) w2r* $Q
1. (should)+动词原形 ]/[@.
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 FL0yRF5
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 oj ,;9{-
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 Pb59RE:7V
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 k#p6QA hS
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 H87k1^}HV
would rather +动词过去式 b%VZPK A;
真题剖析 zYftgH_o
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … :8?l=B9("g
47. A. do _m%Ab3iT~
B. did .9<euPrz
C. don’t ]XYD2fR2qA
D. didn’t +NOq>kH@
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. G12o? N0p
53. A. ordered _+%p!!
B. pleaded &.Yu%=}
C. decided Jl$
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D. demanded 8N4E~*>C
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. jgfr_"@A
15. A. took %Bg>=C)^(1
B. would take N#X*
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C. will take @U =~ c9
D. should take x5M+\?I< 2
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. R~RE21kAc
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) |HwEwL+
54.A. shall # `@jVX0
B.will ')(U<5y)
C.would >.hDt9@4
D.should )6px5Vwz
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 ^ Qxv5HS2
动名词、分词、不定式。 (Hs,Tj
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) QEF$Jx
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) cSmy
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To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 "Sw raq
真题剖析 p.x2R,CU
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. C87 9eeJ
60. A. dropped g) IW9q2
B. to drop U~oGg$
C. dropping }gd'pgN"t
D.drops 2M+ *VO
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. cV4Y=
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59. A. destructive lZ )
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B. dissatisfied 1*trtb4F
C. damaged EWOa2^%}Z\
D. derivative X u|2@ ?l9
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 LbR'nG{J
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 y!_8m#n S
How you got there doesn’t concern me. v
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Growing vegetables needs constant watering. `X<a(5[vV3
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 pv"s!q&
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. .=9d3uWJ/
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 Dd:^ {
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 @\W-=YKLg
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). i4&V+h"
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 D
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Everyone knows that you’ve come here. amWKykVS5
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) n+ k,:O5
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) 1pjx8*! B
He no less than John is interested in literature. (/X ]9
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) [\ &2&
Either my father or my brothers are coming. @|e
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8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 )UyJ.!Fl y
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall.
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真题剖析 (^E5y,H<g
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. 3{wui fS
53. A. none A8Km8"
B. few .}:*tvot
C. any ab]Q1k D
D. some 0|8cSE<
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（五）考博英语语法：倒装 ekqS=KfWl;
全部倒装 -<M+ $ hK\
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” JVr8O`>T
There stand big buildings in this district. t D4-Llj6
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. 1aUg({
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) +@*>N;$
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. qVH.I6)
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