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2015-10-30 22:28 |
2016考博英语语法详解汇总
（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 M>R LS/r>d
1. 充当句子的状语。 zhRF> Y`
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 ;F, 6]LH!
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 >i1wB!gc8
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) xU.Ymq& 5
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. [)[?FG9
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. { iLr$ 89
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). }?GeU
Xhy
真题剖析 n
n8N 9w
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. nM$ -L.dG
45. A. For OH+2)X
B. As 3@;24X
C. With ok&v+A
D. Because Si#XF[/
练习： OJcI0(G
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. &19z|Id
8. A. is k A 4 kQ}q
B. having
EX3;|z@5;
C. being U@:iN..
D. be G! ryW4
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 s.}:!fBk
虚拟语气(2) Zf\It<zT5
1. (should)+动词原形 f7]C1!]
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 2-wvL&pi)
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 GZFL
J u
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 ws} >swR,
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 xF9PjnWF=
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 QN m.8c $
would rather +动词过去式 Uefw
真题剖析 ! }uev
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … ?jBh=X\]:
47. A. do 9 o5_QnGE
B. did nxYp9,c"
C. don’t (kI@U![u
D. didn’t ?r6uEZ
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. V$ss[fX
53. A. ordered ]+0I8eerd
B. pleaded VlFDMw.4.+
C. decided Bx&wS|-) D
D. demanded HPR*:t
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. x-{awP
15. A. took ~v<,6BS<$Z
B. would take w,FOq?j^k
C. will take m)9qO7P
D. should take bMw) > 4
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. !M&B=vk4
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) (ye l
54.A. shall U8KEg)Msk
B.will L$+ap~ld
C.would VXAgp6
D.should u B:utg
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 =r :-CRq(
动名词、分词、不定式。 x~tG[Y2F?
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) k iCg+@nT
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) ~T[m{8 uh
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 /\KB*dX
真题剖析 b |*A%?m
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. lLT;V2=osX
60. A. dropped =
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B. to drop ,9f$ a
n
C. dropping |f~p3KCfV
D.drops {^bs
}($J
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. H{P"$zj`l
59. A. destructive |vnfY;
;z1
B. dissatisfied k]"Rg2>%
C. damaged <Ep-aRI
D. derivative Au,}5=+`P
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 ~J6c1jG
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 Ss&R!w9 p
How you got there doesn’t concern me. '+ |{4-V
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. 4y+] V~p
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 dQt*/]{q
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. o=2y`E q
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 oM$EQd`7
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 ^6ZA2-f/<8
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). n5%rsNxg
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 `W8GfbL
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. l\ *}
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) R)#D {/#FW
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) 3
$Uv
He no less than John is interested in literature. c`y[V6q9
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) N@^?J@#V
Either my father or my brothers are coming. ]RQQg,|D
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 #T n~hnW
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. V zMoWD;
真题剖析 ]`y4n=L.
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. `yHV10
53. A. none /z,sM"d
B. few +tOBt("5/
C. any r 06}@ 7
D. some BJk\p.BVN
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 NwuME/C7#
全部倒装 ~c`@uGw
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” +?(2-RBd
There stand big buildings in this district. ;vF8V`f
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. yI bz\3
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) o
1#XM/ Z
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. g V!Eotq
* "ER8\
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