（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 K<wg-JgA
1. 充当句子的状语。 W3+;1S$k
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 Xsk/U++
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 >
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4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) L;\f ^v(
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. ~"J7=u1o
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. ?_ -5W9
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). /np05XhEa
真题剖析 :3 N6Ej
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. 3>>Ca;>$
45. A. For wY]ejK$0R
B. As bblEZ%
C. With 0VnRtLnqI
D. Because D dh
练习： g& ou[_A
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. L,yq'>*5s
8. A. is Xv+
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B. having yi8AzUW
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C. being l Fp : F5
D. be nP&6i5s%
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 9=J 3T66U
虚拟语气(2) c!kz wc(
1. (should)+动词原形 !q~f;&rg
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 s "`Oj5
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 _b`/QSL
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 *:% I|5
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 S c ijf 9
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 VtzBYza
would rather +动词过去式 q >s`G
真题剖析 |['SiO$)
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … -k
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47. A. do Qe0 ?n
B. did y: ]
C. don’t nf-6 [dg
D. didn’t | 2G rOM&S
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. Nx zAlu
53. A. ordered _PLZ_c:O
B. pleaded pJ
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C. decided L<G6)'5W
D. demanded ? <w[ZWytm
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. lmIphOUoIw
15. A. took gk}.L E
B. would take 4^*Z[6nt|
C. will take Q>xp 90&.n
D. should take 9%dO"t$-q
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. ^Ge|tBMoKE
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) J! "m{ 8-
54.A. shall Oiw!d6"Ovq
B.will !-7<x"avm
C.would 8SBa w'a
D.should KhPDXY]!
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 /GA-1cS_(
动名词、分词、不定式。 !MOcF5M
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) >` n)-8
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) V.!z9AQ
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 pW&8 =Ew
真题剖析 j[=P3Z0q
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. 6f
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60. A. dropped =]L#v2@
B. to drop [5]*
Be
C. dropping .Pa6HA !
D.drops &qV_|f;
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. VKr
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59. A. destructive tY?evsVgz
B. dissatisfied =V^8 RlBi
C. damaged A:?w1"7gT
D. derivative $t>ow~Xi
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 M,eq-MEK
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 M-5zsN
How you got there doesn’t concern me. \'x?V Vw
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. N4, !b_1
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 ="[6Z$R
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. ;7yt,b5&C
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 +'D
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4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 Il#9t?/
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). zj'uKBDl
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 !%YV0O 0
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. G6j9,#2 @
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) $@L}/MO
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) (2%z9W
He no less than John is interested in literature. (~n0,$
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) $.r:
Either my father or my brothers are coming. #3J n_Y%P.
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 XDq*nA8#5B
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. 97(*-e= e
真题剖析 T=->~@5
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. ) 3~):+
53. A. none NX:i]t
B. few XqTDLM&
C. any ~!W{C_*N
D. some WT>2eMK[
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 [ !#<nY/C
全部倒装 V3$Yr"rZ;
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” QGQ> shIeZ
There stand big buildings in this district. {
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Here on the desk lies a pile of books. r .b!3CoQ
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) _}-Ed,.=
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. W {(q7>g
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