2016考博英语语法详解汇总

（一）考博英语语法：独立主格    　　 0g\(+Qg^  
　　1. 充当句子的状语。 T)CP2U  
　　2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 %bfZn9_m  
　　3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 }`"6aM   
　　4.　With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) y?:.;%!E  
　　例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. 0;ji65  
　　b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. cAc@n6[`3  
　　c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). NCx%L-GPi  
　　真题剖析 ]~nKK@Rw  
　　(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are　 46　 of the material which would　47　feed them. D0q":WvE  
　　45. A. For yZ`wfj$Jj  
　　B. As Uwi7
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　　C. With N?>vd*  
　　D. Because Faf&U%]*`  
　　练习： %#}Zy   
　　Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. _~ &iq1  
　　8. A. is Gbw2E&a  
　　B. having [PM4k0YC8  
　　C. being 5Dl/aHb  
　　D. be ^KELKv,_  
　　（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 FE{FGMq  
　　虚拟语气(2) 3t6LT  
　　1. (should)+动词原形 ,iq4Iw  
　　It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 p^u:&Quac  
　　It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 l
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　　It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 2>H24F  
　　部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 e,5C8Q`Z  
　　2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 g>9kXP+  
　　would rather +动词过去式 w'3iY,_ufC  
　　真题剖析 s!e3|pGS  
　　(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I　47　say that teaching is hard work . … I0RvnMw  
　　47. A. do \r>6`-cs]  
　　B. did jZ3fKyp#
 
　　C. don’t (%:c#;#  
　　D. didn’t (Clkv  
　　(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration　52 , and they　　53　that the professor be sent home. LYg- .~<I  
　　53. A. ordered * +wW(#[  
　　B. pleaded d5z`BH.  
　　C. decided EUgs6[w 4  
　　D. demanded H]jhAf<h  
　　练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that 　　we__15__ this message to heart. wg]LVW}  
　　15. A. took .eP.&  
　　B. would take ]}(H0?OQR  
　　C. will take ~BkCp pI  
　　D. should take [=]4-q6UN  
　　(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. s&!a  
　　(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) [=^3n#WW  
　　54.A. shall }I6vqG  
　　B.will }XM(:|8J,  
　　C.would 1|6%evPu(  
　　D.should J{&H+rd  
　　（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 !GEJIefx_  
　　动名词、分词、不定式。 O|N{v"o  
　　主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) td 3D=Y  
　　发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) 3K/MvNI>  
　　To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 f &wb  
　　真题剖析 Z@@K[$  
　　(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies　60　into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. }t1a*z  
　　60. A. dropped \K]0JH  
　　B. to drop g]yBA7/S"  
　　C. dropping 4^OY C  
　　D.drops p >t#@Eu|  
　　(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a　59　life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining 　　relationships, from developing in human ways. 0f>5(ek  
　　59. A. destructive pDCeQ6?  
　　B. dissatisfied ,47Y9Kz9  
　　C. damaged 2WV
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　　D. derivative ?r2` Q  
　　（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致
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　　1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 -FQ 'agf@&  
　　How you got there doesn’t concern me. #@~+HC=  
　　Growing vegetables needs constant watering. 6s/&BR  
　　2.　表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 zY!j:FT1HY  
　　Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. `o8/(`a  
　　3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 K]"#C  
　　4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 rOOT8nkR#  
　　Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). Y@ksQ_u  
　　5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 xZwLlY  
　　Everyone knows that you’ve come here. %pd,%pg  
　　If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.　　(--thing 的情况例外) qC:raH_:  
　　6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) z]?N+NHOA  
　　He no less than John is interested in literature. scou%K  
　　7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) 1@1U/ss1  
　　Either my father or my brothers are coming. sCk?  
　　8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 s<eb;Z2D  
　　Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. (l-ab2'  
　　真题剖析 ;J2zp*|  
　　(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year,　54 of urbanization ever recorded. k$J zH$  
　　53. A. none / qGf 1MHD  
　　B. few JYd 'Jp8bP  
　　C. any ? !cvf{a  
　　D. some [8,yF D_U  
　　（五）考博英语语法：倒装 i/ )am9  
　　全部倒装 lXiKY@R#  
　　1. “There (Here) +be+主语” ,>-< (Qi  
　　There stand big buildings in this district. 1Y@Aixx  
　　Here on the desk lies a pile of books. a8iQ4 
 
　　2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) 2fR02={-  
　　In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. Y Sh+pr  
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