（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 ]<B@g($
1. 充当句子的状语。 PSh luhY
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 *&A/0]w
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 ^ua 8Ya
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) p@Ng
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例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. 6l|,J
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b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. >ho$mvT
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). q{*4BL'
真题剖析 c[ RkiV3
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. P 6
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45. A. For u^NZsuak
B. As XBF]|}%
C. With vbT,!
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D. Because p z]T9ol~
练习： V( A p|I:G
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do.
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8. A. is tbr1mw'G
B. having Sgy _?Y
C. being L@ t}UC
D. be %/r}_V(UN
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 se:lKZZ]
虚拟语气(2) *#n?6KqZ
1. (should)+动词原形 )1!jv!
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 !0+!%Nr>J
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 [EX@I
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It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 =eNh)) ]
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 j>KJgSs]&\
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 D:y j#&I
would rather +动词过去式 Q#}
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真题剖析 wx,yx3c (
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … x\r[Zp|
47. A. do x?unE@?\S
B. did 8LMO2Wyq
C. don’t =d{B.BP(
D. didn’t 86BY032H
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. ? V0!N;
53. A. ordered 3wQUNv0z
B. pleaded Z"T#"FDIr
C. decided `<z"BGQ
D. demanded P&s -
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练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. nX|f?5 O
15. A. took C " W,
B. would take d*e0/#s
C. will take /g_cz&luR
D. should take b3Uw"{p
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. oVK3=m@ {
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) -
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54.A. shall <;R}dlBASW
B.will *K<|E15 ,
C.would kT jx.
D.should
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（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 Z/r =4
动名词、分词、不定式。 iE~][ _%U
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) 2+2Gl7" s
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) cL ]vJ`?Ih
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。
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真题剖析 CWTPf1?eB
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. Qcy
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60. A. dropped Xiy9Oeq2uh
B. to drop
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C. dropping `Mh 3v@K:
D.drops GQ@`qYLZ+
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. al<;*n{/
59. A. destructive _6tir'z
B. dissatisfied /e2CB "c
C. damaged e2~$=f-
D. derivative rwJCVk F
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 K~C6dy
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。
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How you got there doesn’t concern me. DFk0"+Ky
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. wX!q dII)
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 Z}8khNCYr
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. z(8:7 G
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 !R 2;]d*
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 hR g?H
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). fLt N-w6t
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 SU,#:s(
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. 5~pQ$-
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) >8* 0"Q
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) f"{ |c@%
He no less than John is interested in literature. )$>
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7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) <
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Either my father or my brothers are coming. E .'v,GYe
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 _
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Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. e #5 LBSP
真题剖析 \~r`2p-K
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. or8`.h EHI
53. A. none f*:DH4g }B
B. few xa=Lu?t%<
C. any ~fht [S?@M
D. some xsO
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（五）考博英语语法：倒装 $M0F~x
全部倒装 qdOUv f
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” O-=~
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There stand big buildings in this district. cm'`u&S
Here on the desk lies a pile of books.
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2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) & >xd6-
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. t |5T,YFG
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