（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 qv.[ k<~a>
1. 充当句子的状语。
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2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 R|/Wz/$1A
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 Z$Z`@&U=
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) HkW/G[7x&
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. DG_}9M!DW@
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. (&q@~
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c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). .=?Sz*3
真题剖析 D[V`^CTu
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. j6` 6+W=S(
45. A. For ZQ@3 P7T
B. As #g,H("Qy({
C. With pMOD\J:l,
D. Because r Z pbu>S
练习： cvxIp#FbW
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. ',DeP>'%>
8. A. is RvWFF^, .
B. having XnD0eua#
C. being RTA %hCr!
D. be y j>) {NcX
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 9 _eS`,'
虚拟语气(2) 0"hiCGm'
1. (should)+动词原形 .Xi2G@D
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 sbz eY 1
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 D^N[=q99&e
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 {K+.A 9!
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 S3; lKr
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 O(odNQy~
would rather +动词过去式 f;R>Pr;rD
真题剖析 CDJ$hu
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … ej<`CQ
47. A. do TWtC-w I;
B. did iEe#aO"D!
C. don’t 6`1k
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D. didn’t 'w:bs !
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. wBLsz/
53. A. ordered ("b*? : B
B. pleaded * ]>])ms)
C. decided f*v1J<1
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D. demanded l`* ( f9Q
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. 6oY
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15. A. took @\!ww/QT
B. would take J,9%%S8/C
C. will take _%;M9Sg3
D. should take ;KL9oV!<f
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. tR5tPPw
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) zs0hXxTY:
54.A. shall VJ*\pM@no
B.will 8nodV 9
C.would lf6|.
D.should O < >#>[
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 Q E3ryD
动名词、分词、不定式。 :,47rN,qa
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) ![).zi+m
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) ] {Z8
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 ?d~]Wd !z
真题剖析 16?C@` S>
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. %EWq2'/5
60. A. dropped W"|mpxp
B. to drop +v!v[qn
C. dropping 8<{;=m8cQ
D.drops Ox|TMSb^
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. ^&-a/'D$,
59. A. destructive ,z G(u 1
B. dissatisfied W_%W% i|
C. damaged j %H`0
D. derivative bNXAU\M^
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 3}j1RYtz
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 ~
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How you got there doesn’t concern me. a*s\Em7f
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. {"jd_b&
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 [IMQIX
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. ;iQp7aW{$
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 xDUaHE1co
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 2
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Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). B=dseeG[To
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 p-Pz =Cx -
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. O|7yP30? M
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) ??(Kwtx{
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) k}U
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He no less than John is interested in literature. Um\0i;7 ~4
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) (Q_2ODKo
Either my father or my brothers are coming. GI_DhU]~)
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 (u9Zk~)F
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. : ,^ >d3k
真题剖析 CV3DMA
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. K}K)`bifw
53. A. none nvH|Ngg Q
B. few SX_ 4=^
C. any 0m&3?"5u
D. some >)3Vb O
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 ;
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全部倒装 )8'jxiGs
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” ,ux+Qz5(
There stand big buildings in this district. 7xT[<?,
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. o_rtH|ntX5
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) 2*Q3 .2 Z
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. J3IRP/*z
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