2016考博英语语法详解汇总

（一）考博英语语法：独立主格    　　 +K=RMqM-8  
　　1. 充当句子的状语。 RHu,t5,  
　　2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 f4X}F|!h  
　　3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词  %74f6\  
　　4.　With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) nu|?F\o!  
　　例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. (d <p
xx  
　　b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. bx".<q(  
　　c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). X5tV Xd  
　　真题剖析 </fTn_{2s8  
　　(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are　 46　 of the material which would　47　feed them. kl&_O8E+K  
　　45. A. For w6B`_Z'f  
　　B. As }u5J<*:bZ  
　　C. With D{t0OvQag  
　　D. Because PO2]x:  
　　练习： r^\Wo7q  
　　Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. "yXqf%CGE  
　　8. A. is P6tJo{l8w  
　　B. having ZQJh5.B  
　　C. being cja-MljD  
　　D. be dp1t]  
　　（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 ;Y &2G'  
　　虚拟语气(2) 3'`X_C|d53  
　　1. (should)+动词原形 l%xeM!}  
　　It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 Y9(BxDP_+Y  
　　It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 ui^v.YCMI  
　　It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 )4/UzR$  
　　部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 [  **F  
　　2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 vf_pEkx*wD  
　　would rather +动词过去式 l_=kW!l  
　　真题剖析 _k W:FB  
　　(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I　47　say that teaching is hard work . … O$peCv   
　　47. A. do &[}5yos r  
　　B. did f]^ @z<FC  
　　C. don’t >z8y L+  
　　D. didn’t 7otqGE\2  
　　(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration　52 , and they　　53　that the professor be sent home. :20k6)  
　　53. A. ordered fm,:8%  
　　B. pleaded DWJkN4}o  
　　C. decided X7"hTD  
　　D. demanded 9
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　　练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that 　　we__15__ this message to heart. evGUSol?:n  
　　15. A. took 6NqLo^ "g  
　　B. would take 4?&CK  
　　C. will take -wV0Nv(V8  
　　D. should take 'r?Oz
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　　(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. ku=XPmZ.\  
　　(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) \\~4$Ai[  
　　54.A. shall kOuQR $9s  
　　B.will ]^ \+B4  
　　C.would V5ihplAk  
　　D.should ;R?9|:7  
　　（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 V/-~L]G  
　　动名词、分词、不定式。 *`V-zD  
　　主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) P X<,/6gz  
　　发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) =1vVITwl  
　　To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 6.'+y1yS)  
　　真题剖析 $yb8..+  
　　(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies　60　into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. KhV; />(  
　　60. A. dropped HCifO  
　　B. to drop $rC
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　　C. dropping K\ \UF  
　　D.drops ]H|1quT  
　　(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a　59　life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining 　　relationships, from developing in human ways. @]h#T4z'  
　　59. A. destructive T't^pO-`  
　　B. dissatisfied %t
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　　C. damaged [@/[#p  
　　D. derivative 6A/|XwfE/v  
　　（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 Ja#idF[V  
　　1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 <`9:hPp0  
　　How you got there doesn’t concern me. t>v']a +k  
　　Growing vegetables needs constant watering. [P{Xg:0  
　　2.　表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 8`qw1dF  
　　Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. J:mOg95<  
　　3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 aV(*BE/@F  
　　4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 }Gz"
og*8  
　　Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). xI~\15PhG  
　　5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 N]yk<55  
　　Everyone knows that you’ve come here. D\V}Eo';6  
　　If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.　　(--thing 的情况例外) >8tE`2[i*  
　　6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等)  D#m+w  
　　He no less than John is interested in literature. J= |[G'  
　　7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) c/2OR#$t  
　　Either my father or my brothers are coming. s_Dl8O4u  
　　8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 %e1vq  
　　Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. v @N8v  
　　真题剖析 !P92e1   
　　(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year,　54 of urbanization ever recorded. 6y5arP*6e  
　　53. A. none rjR  
　　B. few "msg./iC  
　　C. any _Wb-&6{  
　　D. some $uLzC
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　　（五）考博英语语法：倒装 (I~,&aBr  
　　全部倒装 "?9fL#8f*!  
　　1. “There (Here) +be+主语” Vd1K {rH#  
　　There stand big buildings in this district. r2H'r ,N  
　　Here on the desk lies a pile of books. UZAWh R  
　　2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) bL[PNUG  
　　In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. [a |fm*B!  
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