2016考博英语语法详解汇总

（一）考博英语语法：独立主格    　　 {%VV\qaC
 
　　1. 充当句子的状语。 Nc:({@I  
　　2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 |\n@3cIK  
　　3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 a-"k/P#  
　　4.　With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) %]g n?`O  
　　例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. JCPUM*g8  
　　b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. v
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　　c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). JOb*-q|y  
　　真题剖析 p}|.ZkyN  
　　(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are　 46　 of the material which would　47　feed them. -pU|hSW*b  
　　45. A. For oT{@_U{*J  
　　B. As ZT[3aXS  
　　C. With Yz4_vePh+5  
　　D. Because \":?xh_H  
　　练习： 6vp *9  
　　Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. ;Og&FFs'  
　　8. A. is uk9g<<3T  
　　B. having Nrah;i+H\o  
　　C. being X; 5
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　　D. be kF{*(r=.o  
　　（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 Aj9Ji"18za  
　　虚拟语气(2) T# lP!c  
　　1. (should)+动词原形 .}k(L4T|=  
　　It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 Y4F6qyP)"  
　　It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 au
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　　It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 Vvt ;  
　　部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 )9B:wc"
 
　　2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 spQLG_o,J  
　　would rather +动词过去式 Fl{WAg  
　　真题剖析 b@t5`Y-+K  
　　(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I　47　say that teaching is hard work . … (X+s-4%  
　　47. A. do J4tcQ  
　　B. did JI|6B  
　　C. don’t maSgRf[g  
　　D. didn’t U>S`k6  
　　(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration　52 , and they　　53　that the professor be sent home. ~%#mK:+  
　　53. A. ordered .wK1El{bf  
　　B. pleaded R4e&^tI@*  
　　C. decided K3mAXC,d  
　　D. demanded va|rO#.=  
　　练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that 　　we__15__ this message to heart. .G>t72DpU  
　　15. A. took ,xths3.K  
　　B. would take G Z}/leR  
　　C. will take XidxNPz 0^  
　　D. should take X1A<$Am1  
　　(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. Ulqh@CE)  
　　(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) qJ8-9^E,L  
　　54.A. shall !0
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　　B.will lQ*eH10H  
　　C.would =qoRS0Qa  
　　D.should X)uDSI~  
　　（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 _MYx%Z  
　　动名词、分词、不定式。 EZ#gp^$  
　　主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) V`fL%du,3  
　　发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) kI*UkM-  
　　To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 P#G.lft"O  
　　真题剖析 ,EhVSrh)_4  
　　(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies　60　into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. ValS8V*N1  
　　60. A. dropped a0d ,

 
　　B. to drop q#1X[A()  
　　C. dropping Etmo78e  
　　D.drops qw:9zYG}qW  
　　(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a　59　life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining 　　relationships, from developing in human ways. ^o%_W0_r  
　　59. A. destructive ~8Sqa%F>  
　　B. dissatisfied :|XCnK0
 
　　C. damaged ` py}99G  
　　D. derivative I]sqi#h$2W  
　　（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 \j:gr>4  
　　1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 A TO  5  
　　How you got there doesn’t concern me. P06.1  
　　Growing vegetables needs constant watering. #1l7FT?q  
　　2.　表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 $,`VUe{  
　　Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. RV]a%mVlM  
　　3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 &|,s{?z2  
　　4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 O|(o8VS  
　　Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). JTkCk~bX[z  
　　5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 x(yX0 ,P/7  
　　Everyone knows that you’ve come here. W%zm D Hk~  
　　If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.　　(--thing 的情况例外) s;>VeD)*)  
　　6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) ,# iZS&  
　　He no less than John is interested in literature. b60[({A\s&  
　　7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) 45r|1<Ro  
　　Either my father or my brothers are coming. ;:^ Lv  
　　8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 V4oak!}?  
　　Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. cCYl$MskZ  
　　真题剖析 xLLC)~  
　　(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year,　54 of urbanization ever recorded. ~\-r  
　　53. A. none Yg|l?d"  
　　B. few tbRE/L<  
　　C. any Flne=ij6g  
　　D. some /W?z0tk`  
　　（五）考博英语语法：倒装 Wu]/(F  
　　全部倒装 O'@m4@L   
　　1. “There (Here) +be+主语” #Ul 4&QVeg  
　　There stand big buildings in this district.  =05iW  
　　Here on the desk lies a pile of books. u% r!?-z  
　　2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) #?A]v>I;C  
　　In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. #%:`p9p.S  
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