2016考博英语语法详解汇总

（一）考博英语语法：独立主格    　　 2dHM  
　　1. 充当句子的状语。 }5Yj  
　　2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 :lUX5j3  
　　3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 wk" l[cH>  
　　4.　With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) P+[QI U  
　　例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. ;avQ1T'{?g  
　　b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. 4HM;K_G%{  
　　c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). eymi2-a<  
　　真题剖析 9lKn%|=T  
　　(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are　 46　 of the material which would　47　feed them. `YPe^!`$  
　　45. A. For N? M   
　　B. As FC6xFg^  
　　C. With <>%,}j 9  
　　D. Because q(,cY
u  
　　练习： 2z4<N2!M  
　　Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. grr'd+_e  
　　8. A. is T'E] i!$  
　　B. having UEzsDJu  
　　C. being X2qv^G,  
　　D. be QIQ fI05  
　　（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 D}-o+6TI?  
　　虚拟语气(2) ]nQ+nH  
　　1. (should)+动词原形 ;+sl7qlA4  
　　It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 t-WjL@$F/  
　　It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 r088aUO P  
　　It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 N>0LQ MI  
　　部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 BWh}^3?l  
　　2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 xRlYr# %  
　　would rather +动词过去式 ,of]J|  
　　真题剖析 Y6
A;AmM8  
　　(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I　47　say that teaching is hard work . …
C
ZJV_0  
　　47. A. do iRNLKi  
　　B. did ;FU|7L$H  
　　C. don’t YGp)Oy}:  
　　D. didn’t 6W&_2a7*  
　　(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration　52 , and they　　53　that the professor be sent home. ~M5:=zKQ  
　　53. A. ordered !;v.>.lw  
　　B. pleaded g
\Ak;03n  
　　C. decided }$&xTW_  
　　D. demanded ,(N[*)G  
　　练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that 　　we__15__ this message to heart. (Sv>NQp  
　　15. A. took 9[VxskEh  
　　B. would take zT[6eZ8m  
　　C. will take X`:'i?(yj  
　　D. should take 4r&f%caU  
　　(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. ~jN
'J+_$  
　　(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) E"qFXA>  
　　54.A. shall 7 &U&E|  
　　B.will 8]bz( P#  
　　C.would P|xG\3@Z  
　　D.should M:n6BC>t"  
　　（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 S_b/DO  
　　动名词、分词、不定式。 `)Ky0&?  
　　主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) X(*!2uS  
　　发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) TTZe$>f  
　　To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 n?xTkkr0  
　　真题剖析 "35A/V  
　　(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies　60　into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. W\cjdd  
　　60. A. dropped 3@<zg1.9-  
　　B. to drop DHw<%Z-J  
　　C. dropping 3n]79+w@z  
　　D.drops 
!%)]56(  
　　(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a　59　life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining 　　relationships, from developing in human ways. ' cIEc1y  
　　59. A. destructive .0p^W9  
　　B. dissatisfied N( Oyi  
　　C. damaged nw6pV%  
　　D. derivative r^fe4b  
　　（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 R2<s 0l  
　　1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 5's~>up&  
　　How you got there doesn’t concern me. 12UD19!  
　　Growing vegetables needs constant watering. K.~q+IYP[  
　　2.　表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 @N@F,~[RR2  
　　Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. 9=`Wp6Gmn  
　　3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 Qzv
Hm1,@  
　　4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 Lgk  
　　Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). I\O\,yPhhP  
　　5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 }<a^</s  
　　Everyone knows that you’ve come here. p4!:]0c  
　　If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back.　　(--thing 的情况例外) 64>krmVIe  
　　6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) L{-LX=G^  
　　He no less than John is interested in literature. fWnD\mx?0  
　　7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) M5357Q  
　　Either my father or my brothers are coming. 58Xzup_"  
　　8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 ^TY;Zp  
　　Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. %QmxA 7fW  
　　真题剖析 Mj#-j/{x{5  
　　(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year,　54 of urbanization ever recorded. ElhRF{R  
　　53. A. none Z<[<n0o1  
　　B. few Yb3mP!3q8Z  
　　C. any ^!<dgBNj  
　　D. some ~}EMk3  
　　（五）考博英语语法：倒装 {%lXYMyu  
　　全部倒装 {9Y
+.46S  
　　1. “There (Here) +be+主语” 3<?   
　　There stand big buildings in this district. 58\&/lYW  
　　Here on the desk lies a pile of books. TxjYrzC  
　　2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) wI]"U2L5  
　　In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. I-y#Ks1p+  
,YTIC8qKr