（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 ]0)|7TV*
1. 充当句子的状语。 ws|; `
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 %$ Z7x\_
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 Hp|_6hO 2
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) `_{`l4i 5
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. /[)qEl2] K
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. H_o x_
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c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). pxf$ 1
真题剖析 H77"
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. {v2|g
45. A. For ^8Q62
B. As ?)X,0P'
C. With U1RpLkibQ
D. Because rKf-+6Na
练习： B'EKM)dA
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. BT"42#7_
8. A. is ICkp$u^
B. having e\JojaV
C. being O1*NzY0Y%-
D. be x{c/$+Z[
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 .Pw\~X3!
虚拟语气(2) fUQ6Z,9
1. (should)+动词原形 I{ :(z3
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 D{ 4YxR
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It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 xz{IH,?IG
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 Za8#$`zq
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 5
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2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 MxcFvo*LCp
would rather +动词过去式 _(
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真题剖析 {aJJ `t
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … (B-43!C
47. A. do
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B. did 9n5<]Q (
C. don’t Cp]"1%M,
D. didn’t [.*;6y3
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. 0`A~HH }
53. A. ordered ${nX:! )
B. pleaded (N=5 .7"T
C. decided tP%{P"g3^
D. demanded g{9+O7q
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. xOHgp=#D
15. A. took \3jW ~FV
B. would take $gM8{.!
C. will take `VL}.h
D. should take .rJi yED?!
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. -TOI c%
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) (%:>T
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54.A. shall t/PlcV_M"
B.will p/
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C.would d{de6 `
D.should w7n373y%
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 .pvV1JA'
动名词、分词、不定式。 Wt9Q;hK
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) H7k PM[
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) FsG l J
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 5+jf/}t A
真题剖析 zn @N'R/
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. tD Cw-
60. A. dropped }O4se" xK
B. to drop q0bHB_|wL
C. dropping % D`,k*X
D.drops D*Q. G8(
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. Q!FLR>8
59. A. destructive }V|{lvt.
B. dissatisfied a3 >zo N
C. damaged {A o,t+j
D. derivative ;!T{%-tP
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 y9|K|xO[
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 *AIEl"29
How you got there doesn’t concern me. Ij'NC C
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. ^-M^gYBR
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 NS,5/t
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. i$KpDXP\
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 ^5
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4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 swc@34ei\
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). te4= S
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 AP\ofLmq
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. 0X(]7b&~R
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) BXUF^Hj%
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) jec :i-,
He no less than John is interested in literature. b r,+45:
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) ; W7Y2Md
Either my father or my brothers are coming. i$-#dc2qY
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 HpexH{.u)
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. e^ $j5jV
真题剖析 ;S/7 h6
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. i`O rMzL
53. A. none UlQQP^Na
B. few
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C. any :a< hQ|p
D. some xUYo
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（五）考博英语语法：倒装 [D'Gr*5~{
全部倒装 R.1Xst &i
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” =J |sbY"]
There stand big buildings in this district. Eb.;^=x
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. mPVE?jnR^0
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) O=jN&<rb
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. MPRO
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