（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 'p%= <0vrr
1. 充当句子的状语。 q-3]jHChh
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 wGvhB%8K
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 s ]U4 B<q
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) 5m
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例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. 5 7~Uqt
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. AoBoFZLl3
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). n H@(Y&S
真题剖析 ;7Y[c}V1^
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. S t@l]u9
45. A. For s5 l3V2k
B. As #, L ~w
C. With ~-TOsRvxR
D. Because 38~PWKt
练习： I&Jt> O4
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. <} ,1Ncl
8. A. is MRf
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B. having 6;o3sf@Tf
C. being Qzqc .T
D. be #)s!}X^
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 5RF4]$zT
虚拟语气(2) zI^]esX!2_
1. (should)+动词原形 K R, z^9
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 \'Ssn(s
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 C&+6>L@
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 Ooc\1lX
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 R_ ZK 0ar
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 Vi ?q>:E:
would rather +动词过去式 o.m:3!RW
真题剖析 h|D
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(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … *$,
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47. A. do s?2$ue&-f
B. did E5</h"1
C. don’t u JY)4T
D. didn’t d\]Yk ]r
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. * JX ;|S
53. A. ordered s58 C2
B. pleaded oD9^ID+
C. decided _n;;][]S
D. demanded 58 bCUh#uw
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. -' g*^
15. A. took v&a4^s
B. would take
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C. will take 1 v zb8.
D. should take Hnk:K9u.B:
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. (wRgus
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) vi.w8 >CE
54.A. shall t.p~\
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B.will lVOu)q@l7g
C.would p]T<HGJ P
D.should ]:>,A@7
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 '2^7-3_1
动名词、分词、不定式。 &i+ Ce
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) w| `h[/,
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) 1#IlWEg
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 a
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真题剖析 S*o[Z A
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. ktIi$v
60. A. dropped 0}!\$"|D
B. to drop J '$ >Gk]
C. dropping svxw^ 0~a
D.drops [
ol9|sdu
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. vz.>~HB P
59. A. destructive
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B. dissatisfied , ]bB9tid
C. damaged ,) J~ ,^f6
D. derivative lXcx@#~
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 Ym3\pRFiD
1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 KQ B3 m"
How you got there doesn’t concern me. &=VDASEu
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. "[y-+)WTG
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 BD(Z5+EU1
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. w!fE;H8w6
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 X5 j1`t
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4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 Na:w ]r:y
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). #B4%|v;`E?
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 C=eF.FB;'
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. J+`VujWT
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) H
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6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) 0 eDHu
He no less than John is interested in literature. 0"f\@8r(
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) gcl5jB5)>
Either my father or my brothers are coming. w|K'M?N14
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 cWe"% I
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. `u&Rsz&^
真题剖析 J^Wa8Q;9lX
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. -C(crn
53. A. none ]1#e#M]#
B. few
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C. any
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D. some fof TP1
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 h7
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全部倒装 {tYZt4!{ ^
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” l 3ko?k
There stand big buildings in this district. CVL3VT1j0
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. UCB/=k^m
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) /<|%yE&KhJ
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. s %j_H
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