（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 VIzZmd
1. 充当句子的状语。 mX^RSg9 E}
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 n4johV.#
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 "#jKk6{I0
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) fZ$2bI=
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. +F|[9o
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b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. Je,8{J |e
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). F1>,^qyG6
真题剖析 kx[8#+P
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. X;h~s:LM
45. A. For whCv9)x
B. As :%{7Q $Xv<
C. With 4<|u~n*JF
D. Because 7[L C*nrr
练习： rtm28|0H'
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. Ry C7
8. A. is $G3P3y:
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B. having TL>e[ PBO
C. being 'mF}+v^
D. be y+a&swd2(U
（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 \Z 8!iruN
虚拟语气(2) wr`eBPu
1. (should)+动词原形 x>cu<,e$d\
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 i+}M#Y-O
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 ;XT$rtuX
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 * 7C
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部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 Eq
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2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 -t]0DsPg
would rather +动词过去式 2s
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真题剖析 ^IpS 3y
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … RaAq>B
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47. A. do vsK>?5{C-
B. did %llG/]q#
C. don’t AWw'p
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D. didn’t /=%4gWtr
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. <T['J]k%
53. A. ordered nN[,$`JD,
B. pleaded ][3 "xP
C. decided !| D,cs
D. demanded Gv`PCA@/d
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. '?\Hm' 8
15. A. took bkb}M)C
B. would take q;rU}hAzG0
C. will take t;'__">:q
D. should take jsuQ R
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. =uHTpHR
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) d%WFgf}
54.A. shall uy$o%NL-7
B.will [.2>=3T
C.would #]9yzyb_y
D.should 56fcifXz@
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 !+i
动名词、分词、不定式。 @rE>D
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) [K^RC;}nV^
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) x k#/J]j
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 YS/4<QA[
真题剖析 %.]qkGZe#
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. J
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60. A. dropped (i {
B. to drop dH8H<K~
C. dropping f)>=. sp
D.drops w9vqFtj
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. 7Kfh:0Ihhy
59. A. destructive NI3_wV
B. dissatisfied 1%H]2@
C. damaged ZZ#S\*
D. derivative p9 %7h.
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致 {@k5e)
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1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 ^MuO;<<,.
How you got there doesn’t concern me. -r[l{ce
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. -Zkl\A$>
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 f Vw+8 [d0
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. 5EM(3eY ^q
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 IF<pT)
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 .#@*)1A#t
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). 6Z0@4_Y@B6
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 Tm qt j
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. u`3J2 ,.
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) V |)3l7IC<
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) Ap=L lZ
He no less than John is interested in literature. `J#(ffo-
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) o/
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Either my father or my brothers are coming. 82{Lx7pI
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 [td)
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Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. Hz `aj
真题剖析 q{ i9VJ]
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. h,"K+$
53. A. none W{ <_gD9
B. few [LbUlNq^B@
C. any Kf/1;: ^
D. some 9KkxUEkW
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 Wxx? iW ,
全部倒装 ]c4?-Vq%u
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” 9!&fak _
There stand big buildings in this district. tNj-~ r
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. ..'k+0u^
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) z|E/pm$^
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. j5 1Wod<[
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