（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 1B;sSp.>
1. 充当句子的状语。 40}8EP k)
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 H1'`*
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3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 f_r1(o 5:Y
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) 2!/_Xh
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. c ZN+D D
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. "]ow1{
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). fo$iV;x`
真题剖析 *BYSfcX6
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. qTnfiYG}
45. A. For %Lexu)odW
B. As UDHk@M
C. With 5r qjqfFa
D. Because :Xv3< rS<
练习： ,>n 4
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Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. Z<Rz}8s
8. A. is _gK@), de
B. having ik77i?Hg
C. being Pq~"`-h7:
D. be v6
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（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 . \ *Z:
虚拟语气(2) HHD4#XcU
1. (should)+动词原形 wHk4BWg-
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 G6xdGUM
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 *TA${$K
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 ~ w IVw}
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 B&#TbKp
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 eMVfv=&L<3
would rather +动词过去式 Xvm.Un< N
真题剖析 O B8fFd
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … VcT(n7
47. A. do g.X?wyg5
B. did {Q?AIp6u|
C. don’t UXoaUW L
D. didn’t dC_L~ }=
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. q(e&{pbM)
53. A. ordered X^#48*"a
B. pleaded ePK^v _vBD
C. decided F' W{\ 4
D. demanded too=+'<N</
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. w"bQxS~$y
15. A. took ,:G.V
B. would take "8J$7g@n@
C. will take 1?`,h6d*=
D. should take "0+_P{w+
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. :^71,An >E
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) \i}n1Q d
54.A. shall K_oBSa `
B.will zht^gOs
C.would wt[M zpR P
D.should y'xB? >|
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 AQU4~g
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动名词、分词、不定式。 ` {CaJ6.
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) Zaf] .R
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) Il%LI
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 ++F #Z(p
真题剖析 cPi 3UjY~
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. ;FQAL@"Yj
60. A. dropped 4Z"D F)+}
B. to drop 5Az=)q4Q
C. dropping ^E
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D.drops X{P_ HCd
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. o qB(l[%z2
59. A. destructive XU5/7
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B. dissatisfied kih;'>H<
C. damaged ?P ,z^
D. derivative (Ybc~M)z
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致
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1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 EA|*|o 4)
How you got there doesn’t concern me. @X?DHLM
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. eZIq yw
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 |sMRIW, P
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. U8-#W(
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3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 /qed_w.p
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 #Gx %PQ`
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). R22 YKXU
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 d
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Everyone knows that you’ve come here. gPh ;
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) #wK { G)J
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) a$yAF4HR<
He no less than John is interested in literature. s ]50 Y-C
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) ? [l
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Either my father or my brothers are coming. N9tH0
8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 x^Q:U 1
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. X0
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真题剖析 %O B:lAeJ
(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. V
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53. A. none ;{EIx*<d
B. few y G)xsY V
C. any Q^prHn*@
D. some XLb
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（五）考博英语语法：倒装 O B`(,m#
全部倒装 -0r 0M )
1. “There (Here) +be+主语” nNz1gV:0X
There stand big buildings in this district. Z^E>)!t
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. kH~ z07:
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) u^|c_5J (
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. FlGU1%]m
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