考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 E; Y;r"
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: xG2+(f#C1
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 ?Ke
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the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. 2{,n_w?Wy
A. In spite of o:q1beU
B. But for XL}"1lE
C. Because of ]bdFr/!'S+
D. As for 答案选B。 G[Lpe
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. #uCB)n&.
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 O\KQl0*l\\
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante 266oTER]v:
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante `Nh
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. sW#JjtK
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: !9iGg*0dx
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 WG71k8af
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 MxQ?Sb%Gka
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 "Ml
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I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. -f1k0QwL
A. were sleeping i+3fhV
B. would be sleeping ~ (On|h
C. had been sleeping t`'iU$:1f
D. would sleep选择 B。 7xo4-fIuT
(4)形容词及其比较级 Q;Wj?8}
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. t+r:"bb
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. Q?
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(5)分词短语 1k%k`[VC
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident.
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Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. rX7QbAB
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 Lw7=+h
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I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. >kZ57,
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. RZpcXv
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. DHC+C4
It would be easier to do it this way. d'6|: z9c
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 (UCK;k
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. k^ F@X
A diligent student would have worked harder. iTh:N2/-vc
(8)独立主格结构 3l<S}k@M)
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. wu9=N
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(9)定语从句 bOp54WI-g
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. e,_
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A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. i|)Su4Dw
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: # {fTgq
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. L%}zVCg
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. 5Ky#
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(11)动词原形表示虚拟 !
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动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 9vNkZ-1
God bless you! IPSF]"}~
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. E@05e
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). 8mLP5s!7
If that be so, we shall take action at once CBQhIvq.d
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