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camera 2015-10-30 22:34

考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句

考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 <=7^D  
  含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: 0P6< 4  
  (1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 +Ek('KOF  
  the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. b-,]21  
  A. In spite of 'aW<C>  
  B. But for e8<[2J)P&  
  C. Because of 7U{g'<  
  D. As for 答案选B。 ;yK:.Vg  
  But that she was afraid, she would have said no. Gn%gSH/  
  (2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 JK9}Kb};  
  She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante H&zhYKw  
  D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante 4`+hX'  
  D. {,rVA(I@  
  If only I had more money, I could buy a car. fr<, LC.  
  (注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: y*Wl(w3  
  The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 z!6:Dt6^  
  Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 @7aSq-(_l*  
  (3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 4l*4w x""v  
  I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. L'Fy\K\  
  A. were sleeping &u/T,jy`  
  B. would be sleeping ]o]*&[C  
  C. had been sleeping pZ4]oK\*  
  D. would sleep选择 B。 va/$dD9  
  (4)形容词及其比较级 uR7\uvibUO  
  A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. 4X &\/X  
  A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. z2QZ;ZjvRS  
  (5)分词短语 HjAQF?;V  
  Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. ?#LbhO*   
  Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. DEw_dOJ(  
  (6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 R)w|bpW  
  I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. ] 7, mo  
  To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. 'B>%5'SdD  
  She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. 1wa zJj=v  
  It would be easier to do it this way. N}3$1=@Y  
  (7)名词短语和名词+and结构 |&t 2jD(  
  A judicious man would not have committed suicide. \&p MF  
  A diligent student would have worked harder. N'nqVYTU  
  (8)独立主格结构 U8z$=W o  
  All things considered, the price would be reasonable. |6pNe T[  
  (9)定语从句 d4#Q<!r  
  Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. XACbDKyS  
  A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. H3"[zg9L:a  
  (10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: ^ )Lh5   
  I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. ,f4mFL0~N  
  The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. iTt"Ik'  
  (11)动词原形表示虚拟 -k p~p e*T  
  动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 {P_~_5o_  
  God bless you! ,Z;z}{.hq  
  All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. NW`.RGLI<  
  She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). d]OoJK9&&  
  If that be so, we shall take action at once XB)e;R  
4'W|'4'b  

camera 2015-10-30 22:53


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