一、 长 短 句原则 }SCM I4\
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工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: UJ6v(:z<
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is #gw]'&{8D
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to ZqO^f*F>h
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite #C@FYOf*
similar. cj5+NM"
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! 8DaL,bi*.
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 _v]MsT-q
主 题 句原则 @"H>niG
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! ,
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特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! IIx#2r
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully 7. ;3e@s
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, S>1Iky|
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 u\JNr}bL
一 二 三原则 ,s;UfF
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… nzeX[*
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 v|2T%y_
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1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) UFuX@Lu0
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) *4Y
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3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) /&94 eC
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lHX72s|V
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) cYt!n5w~W
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) VW4r{&rS
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) ?6Y?a2 |
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) um0N)&iY
8)most important of all, moreover, finally 83q6Sv
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) '`KY!]L
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)
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建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 }pu27F)&
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: g}',(tPMZ
I cannot bear it.
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可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. kPLxEwl
I want it. :6\qpex
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. X}\:_/
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 }9fTF:P
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, [HZv8HU|
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital ZzT9j~
之类的形象词。再比如: W:L
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走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room "1M[5\Ax
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room gSQJJxZ{?
小姐走出房间应该说:sail out of the room !d0kV,F:
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room _zi|
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room @2 fg~2M1
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 v
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1)加法(串联)
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都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, Z}Ft:7
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: o:Sa,
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I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. ckE-",G
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: P\rg"
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Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. y/
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其它的短语可以用: bAtSV u
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover %/ #NK1&M
2)转折(拐弯抹角) (M.&^w;`,
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 x-&@wMqkc
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. lp%pbx43s
The coat was thin, but it was warm.
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更多的短语: ={@6{-tl
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, [j/9neaye
despite, notwithstanding 0{}8(
3)因果(so, so, so) @O^6&\s>
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! [~c|mOk
The snow began to fall, so we went home. LIF7/$,0
更多短语: Tqn@P
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a O.M>+~Nw
result, for this reason, so that EaY?aAuS:
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) EDl!w:
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 C7ScS"~
举例:This is what I can do. XW)l
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Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. x@;m8z0
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: =|y9UlsD
When to go, Why he goes away… E,x+JeKV
5)附加(多此一举) ShP^A"Do
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 Zaf:fsj>
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. H;k~oIsk
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. u(F_oZ~
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. l'E*=Rn
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom J$w<$5UY
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 ,77d(bR<
6)排比(排山倒海句) A>;bHf@
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! &>W$6>@
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated )e=D(qd
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. ' ;FnIZ
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such S3*`jF>q
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean m6\E$;`
tides. .K2qXw"S#
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, m{cGK`/\
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏)
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要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 IT7wT+
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! o!Ieb
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: 6"O+w=5B
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb rIu$pZO
the Western Hills. FF(#]vz '
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about /hH
three times that of RYQR(
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China. BB!THj69a6
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! 0$)>D==
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 c%2QZ C
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思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! t?x<g <PJ4
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted +mmSfuO&\
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as L_uVL#To
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. ^& t
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For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will 0d"[l@UU0
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the 'KS,'%
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. ['X]R:3h
更多句型: Qcq`libK
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, HZzD VCU
for example二、做比较 /7nb,!~~l
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; e#L8X
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世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through J{p1|+h%
comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: c)TPM/>(p
相似的比较: 2\A$6N;_
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner g|DF[
相反的比较: JIEK*ui
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, c@!_/0
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, (Y.k8";)`
…三、换言之 Zw
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没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 u<7/0;D#+
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! M)J5;^
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I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. 1y4|{7bb
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love &=@IzmA
with you. 7{e
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或者上面我们举过的例子: 4
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I cannot bear it. h0*!;Z7
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. |sJ[0z
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with /wQy17g
it or I am fed up with it. oA7tEu
更多短语: YFLZ %(
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more dc+>m,3$
simply Avge eJi