一、 长 短 句原则 S5JR`o
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工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:
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As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is <("w'd}
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to vpw&"?T
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite FH5 bC6
similar. ^XB8A=xi
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! CoN/L`.SN
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 ~oR&0et
主 题 句原则 .*ovIU8
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! p?NjxQLA
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! 9<r}s
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully *U^hwL
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, A0k
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you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 /'_ RI
一 二 三原则 6OW-Dif^AG
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… .v&h>@'m
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 TmZ[?IL,
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) =8D4:Ds
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) ;i?!qB>baX
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) 1}M.}G2u/
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, {4q:4i
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) YYh_lAS>
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) D*Q#G/TF3
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) <5}du9 @
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) f)P/@rh
8)most important of all, moreover, finally .4(f0RG
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) .u?$h0u5
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) :vT%5CQ
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 a$O]'}]`
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: w8ld*z
I cannot bear it. *v3
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可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. B'/ >Ax&
I want it. /CE d14.
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. 4,DsB'
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 a $%[!vF
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, tY=TY{ RY
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital mK4|=Q
之类的形象词。再比如: 1iDo$]TEK
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room )&<
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但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room V~Lq,oth
小姐走出房间应该说:sail out of the room _AbEQ\P{
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room 4pT|r6!<
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room 6Qu*'
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 2&URIQg*J
1)加法(串联) 1?\ Y,+
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, c<e\JJY5?
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: &N0|tn
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. QovC
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如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: >t(@?*ZFT
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. ]'/]j
其它的短语可以用: 1bkUT_
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover W<o0Z OO
2)转折(拐弯抹角) "cM5= ;
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 V0i$"|F+E
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. p ]=;t"
The coat was thin, but it was warm. 4&fnu/,Z
更多的短语: =)8fE*[s
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, I
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despite, notwithstanding iZk``5tPE
3)因果(so, so, so) ,c l<74d
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! n^#LB*q
The snow began to fall, so we went home. HC,@tfS
更多短语: 7+4"+CA
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a e]h'
result, for this reason, so that Dj"=kL0
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) FoCkTp+/
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 0EXNq*=EE
举例:This is what I can do. .
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Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. yVzg<%CR^
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: 4+,Z'J%\[7
When to go, Why he goes away… o1+]6s+j}
5)附加(多此一举) _\PoZ|G4y
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 X(28xbd|
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. RNtA4rC>#
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. ]
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Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. ~la04wR28
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom @$K q<P
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 n ]}2O4
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6)排比(排山倒海句) B?Sfcq-
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! u?Mu*r?
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated wQB{K3
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. Q.dy
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Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such vaJXX
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean Kg-X]yu*0
tides. X$Vz
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, 1t=X: ]0j
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) ~c$ts&Cl
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 lILtxVBO2o
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! )Hm[j)YI
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: ~7WXjVZ
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb >=:T
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the Western Hills. 7qK0!fk5
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about v|2q2 bz
three times that of ^J~A+CEf"W
China. _s-HlE?C
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! ^WW|AS
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 |abst&yp
#IGoz|m
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! 'EET3RK-S
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted 7e{X$'
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as /,N!g_"Z
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. Etc?; Z[F#
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will eGe[sv"k
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the VFmg"^k5
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. OG^WZ.YU
更多句型: Pn'(8bRm
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, LLn{2,jfQ
for example二、做比较 fqk Dk
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; :&0yf;>v
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through feI[M;7u
comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: ,rB9esxic
相似的比较: Cs[7% j
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner &e]]F#
相反的比较: 5hH6G
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, }L$Xb2^l
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …,
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…三、换言之 s\Pt,I@Y_
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 i+X2M-[Ls
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! )}Rfa}MD
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. yXTK(<'
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love s@ 20#D
with you. EAD0<I<>
或者上面我们举过的例子: iIGI=EwZ
I cannot bear it. 5@UC c
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. ]/o12pI
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with 5qd_>UHp
it or I am fed up with it. eg2U+g4
更多短语: ."IJmv
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more vcw>v={x
simply pM&]&Nk