一、 长 短 句原则 |`yZ
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工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: K7vw3UwGN
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is I12KT~z<r
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to `kN#4p
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite QYE7p
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similar. r;cV&T/?
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! h=RDO
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 W,hWOO
主 题 句原则 V`a+Hi<P\
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! FY;+PY@I{
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! )xl6,bq3
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully ZKbDp~
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, l`n5~
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you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 Aa(<L$e!`
一 二 三原则 +QqH}=
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领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… /r$&]C:Fi
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 nTnRGf\T
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) <4?*$
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) oFg'wAO.
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) bcJ@-i0V
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, ;( KMGir
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) J1 tDO?
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) a?<?5
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) Sb<\-O14"
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) :I/
8)most important of all, moreover, finally (wL3 +
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) ]tVl{" .{
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) .ewZV9P)t
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 D!l8l49hLu
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: XJFnih
I cannot bear it. G' Hh{_:
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. KS! iL=i
I want it. NWISS
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. kMS5h~D[
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 ONWO`XD
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, <9 },M
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital (t74a E pi
之类的形象词。再比如: ;eR{tH /4
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room Y\8+}g;KR
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room h]}`@M"
小姐走出房间应该说:sail out of the room `E;)`J8b
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room M71R -B`-
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room $[QcEk
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 +E#PJ_H=F8
1)加法(串联) _S<?t9mS
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, 0.(Ml5&e
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: YAMfP8S
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. `t9.xB#Z
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: '_E c_F
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. GWh|FEqUbf
其它的短语可以用: -#Jj-t_Fe
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover LH.%\TMN$
2)转折(拐弯抹角) yI4DVu.
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 KT%{G8Y@M
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. >DS}#'N4l
The coat was thin, but it was warm. VK$zq5D
更多的短语: H CuK
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, T8mY#^sW_
despite, notwithstanding jRwa0Px(
3)因果(so, so, so) 'M
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昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! U>1b9G"_
The snow began to fall, so we went home. i)8g CDc
更多短语: W\a!Q]pV
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a ^K/G 5
result, for this reason, so that YjL
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4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) GGp{b>E+
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有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 |thad!?
举例:This is what I can do. [}@n*D$
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. *n;>p_#
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: .2/,XwIr
When to go, Why he goes away…
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5)附加(多此一举) ?&XzW+(X
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 9Dy)nm^
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. 5W|u5AIw
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. {q})kO
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. MHGj vSx
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom 8KZ$F>T]>
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 .$UTH@;7
6)排比(排山倒海句) iq,ah"L
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! 7Onk!NH
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated $m{{,&}k
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. FzA{UO
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such EgFl="0
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean d8D yv#gT
tides. _d/GdeLs
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, #&}%70R)
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) f(^
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要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 {`tHJ|8
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! >\Z lZ
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: N'I?fWN!;R
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb gQu\[e%mVo
the Western Hills. o`oRG)QC
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about XSD"/_xD
three times that of rve7YS'
China. =7*oC
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! M0Lon/%
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 muW`pm
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思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! H't `Q&]a
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted s$K@X `
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as
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sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. ;JMOsn}8
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will jI@bTS o
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the l=Vowx.$2f
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her.
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更多句型: ]9bh+
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, f'7d4
for example二、做比较 {s9y@c*15.
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; ^(E"3 c
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through S-H-tFy\\
comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语:
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相似的比较: ymzPJ??!
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner HYa$EE2
相反的比较: [wXwKr
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, ]%vGC^
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, uIVTs9\
…三、换言之 '<*CD_2t-
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 x"zjN'|
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! 6Zl.Lh
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. "(HA9:
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love y~4SKv
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with you. q.u[g0h;
或者上面我们举过的例子: C7XS6Nqu
I cannot bear it. O?4vC5x
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. m=("N
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with }]Gi@Nh|o
it or I am fed up with it. N4Fy8qU;
更多短语: QTrlQH&p
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more u+I r:k
simply _taHf %\4