一、 长 短 句原则 P>i[X0UnL
hE>%LcP
工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: W~FM^xR?p
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is |.Y}2>{
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to .a`(?pPr,
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite RwptFO
similar. Sr?2~R0&
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记!
+Q+>{HK
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 $@(+"
$
主 题 句原则 Zw<\^1
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! 48Z0aA~+
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! z->[:)c
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully U sS"WflB
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, X1PXX!]lo[
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 soXIPf
一 二 三原则 .>Fy ]Cqoh
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… E\Et,l#|LY
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 \T]'d@Wyd
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) :@8N${7`$A
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) >
q7/zl
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) lOuO~`,J
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, 70BLd(?
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) 6=o'.03\f
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) Yg kd 1uI.
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) -L&%,%
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) A4>j4\A[M
8)most important of all, moreover, finally rCp'O\@S
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) f5ttQ&@FF
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) }s++^uX6
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 Z]\VOA>
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: _(%;O:i
I cannot bear it. [ q
x[ 0
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. x>TIQU=\
I want it. /c:78@
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. Xdtyer%
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 NA;OT7X[
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, RR9G$}WS(
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital Rw!wfh_+
之类的形象词。再比如: ,?/AIL]_
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room /=IBK`
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room >o,l/#z
小姐走出房间应该说:sail out of the room &\>. j|
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room :-)H
ty zf
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room Zv&<r+<g
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 c>.=;'2
1)加法(串联) C=,O'U(ep
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, |B~^7RHXo
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说:
Xn=
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. s
)9d\{
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: Bh
,GQHJ
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. bBg=X}9
其它的短语可以用: _?rL7oTv
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover *w5xC5*
2)转折(拐弯抹角) y)uxj-G
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 b;jr
;I
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. ZWXA%u7V
The coat was thin, but it was warm. S2<evs1d
更多的短语: !cNw8"SIU
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, #fT<]j(
despite, notwithstanding pK
NrEq
3)因果(so, so, so) K.r
"KxCm|
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! J7FzOwd1h
The snow began to fall, so we went home. |* v w(
更多短语: [oDu3Qn
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a Ju"K"
result, for this reason, so that ^t}8E2mq
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) u#)ARCx ,w
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 'LMMo4o3
举例:This is what I can do. a?1Ml>R6P
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. ~%?LFR'
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: 5ggsOqH
When to go, Why he goes away… nA#N ,^Rr
5)附加(多此一举) QE4TvnhK
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 _"h1#
E
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. {66P-4Ev(
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. _fjHa6S
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. Z3 O_K
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom )R6-]TkA_
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 jX&/ e'B
6)排比(排山倒海句) 0
mR^%+~
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! "U|u-ka8B
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated q!y!=hI
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. i;fU],aK!
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such SQ-CdpT<
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean khVfc
tides. 1 Szv4
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, +o|I@7f
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) 9w.ZXd
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 (y5]]l
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! 8A: =#P^O\
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: GQ6~Si2
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb HQGH7<=Om
the Western Hills. go?}M]c%7
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about n8Rsle`a
three times that of M.``o1b
China. {sF;R.P&r
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! \[<8AV"E-'
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例
]iry'eljy
nK6(0?/
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! sI`oz|$
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted Le2rc*T
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as .#LvvAeh
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. YP73
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ."j=s#OC(
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the DHVfb(H5e
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. i QvqifDmh
更多句型: Bpp(5
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, <q:2' 4o
for example二、做比较 jdd3[
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; VEx
)
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through +HEL ^
comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: K~A@>~vFb
相似的比较: ~|&To>
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner "@L|Z6U(
相反的比较:
vu3zZMl
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, w_*$wVl
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, , RU
…三、换言之 Kza5_7p`L
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 e?<$H\
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! B6U4>ZN
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. @Uqcym.
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love m0 ]Lc{
with you. KNSMx<GP
或者上面我们举过的例子: !-tVt
D
I cannot bear it. /U=?D(>x
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. A>rN.XW
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with G
!U
`8R
it or I am fed up with it. 'h>CgR^NM1
更多短语: Oe&gTXo
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more vq1u!SY
simply s}?QA cC