医学考博英语写作总结 Lp` .fn8Ln
?W/.'_
一、原则与要求：考博英语不直译原文，抓主要论点，果断舍弃次要内容，突出新点，论点清晰,主要写中长句子！！2－5个长句！不写或少写短句！！一般真题范例在10－15句左右。
tm1 =
V>6klA}o
二、现场写作技巧 HB07 n 4 |
.ZXoRT
①划线，划出实质性，实词性句子。②翻译标题，有标题就译，没有标题不能加。③末尾重复标题，首尾呼应。 y]9R#\P/
XqH@3Ehk
精简医学考博写作常用核心词汇 V&mkS
-H|
9 82=
1.下降、减少 reduction，decrease，decline，diminution, drop，descend，go / come down，fall；上升、增加rise; go up; ascend；increase; <'Q6\R}:vC
Xfiwblg
2.禽流感 H1N1 flu bird flu/avian flu;食品安全 food safety; ?d')#WnC
os V6 =
3.公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies; 应急反应 immediate response to; 4,RPidv%O
)e(<YST
4.关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being; CS^6$VL7e
9>RkFV
5.城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system hgU;7R,?ir
MU<( O}
6.预防保健Disease Prevention and Health care，服务体系service system； Hv6h7-
8ud12^s$
7.讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene；个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene Mj0 ,Y#=76
'g#%>
8.lite清淡的；protein-complemented diet蛋白添加饮食； VcjbRpTy&
%m& 6'Rpfk
9.preventive initiatives=preventive measures预防的措施 Nt>^2Mv
6w.E Sm
10.人畜共患病zoonosis＝anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病， /wD f,Hduz
Gp%po@A&
11.虫媒insect pollination；虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease： zB
.cOMx
OGZD$j
12.肾病综合征：nephrotic/renal syndrome； k
9i
W1
:a wt7lqv
13.epidemic hemorrhagic fever 流行性出血热； b]u$!W
*%x bn8
14.爆发流行：break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of,explosion ;| Cd q
rPH7
]]
15.传染：infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable； c5]Xqq,
hHJiGVJ=V
communicable可传达的, 会传染的, 爱说话的[医] 有传染性的; o.Kn DY
?(ORk|)kU
communicative a. 健谈的, 爱说话的, 交际的 <G pji5f2
bBIh}aDN
16.传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind；person to person transmission "FHJ_$ !
6_mi9_w
17.传播,散布：diffuse，prevalence，spread，transmit，disseminate，propagate/ propagation mTe3%( LD
1$
Hou
18.污染pollution/ pollute，contamination/contaminate 4DL;Y
BX _yC=S
19.福祉 well-being, happiness； aM5]c c%
bPVk5G*ruP
20.衰老grow old；aging；consenescence；senility；senile qU26i"GHp
b1Vr>:sK47
21.from bad to worse每况愈下；akin to=similar to 相似的；Purulent脓的,化脓的 UJO3Yn
ixA.b#!1
22.脂肪肝fatty liver; 血压 hypertension ;nS
F\X(;{
)rEl{a
23.肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon；亚健康 sub-health {aAd (~YZ
S
]3CRJU3`
24.过劳死 karoshi; death from overwork 88HqP!m%P:
jG>W+lq
25.长期以来 for a long time ; over the years k`5I"- e
Vh~h
fj"
26.养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health 3 (e_2v
hs7!S+[.$$
27.分类 be divided into＝fall into three categories＝be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.＝be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds. ULiRuN0 6
biHacm
28.基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations； " $(+M t^
6R45
+<.
基本原则fundamental principle/ rule,basic rule or principle; JuO47}i] 5
i "&FW&W
29.morals,morality,ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面，指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准，尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为，或用道德标准衡量某事，既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面，指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为，常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 )$] lf }
sD3ZZcy|=
30.民众the (general) public，the masses of the people，the common people；合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; coagent; k6C XuU
H,} &=SCk
31.死亡人数death toll，deaths，the number of people killed in/dying from u"h/ERCa
[6a-d> e{
The death toll is expected to rise. The death toll continues to rise. f$dPDbZQ
X,Na4~JO (
There have been more deaths from drowning. 1Ms]\<^j
=z FROB\
How much is the death toll? 死亡人数是多少？ c|/HX%Y
v@zi?D K
32.归结为 boil down to；come down to； = Pv_,%
y?OP- 27y
归因为/归功于 be attributable to、be attributed to、ascribe or attribute… to、owe…to; J Y
7I;kh`H$(f
归咎于lay or put the blame on sb、blame…on、ascribe or attribute… to、impute… to。 4<Vi`X7[F
I/7!5Z*
33.大规模on a large scale，extensive，large-scale，massive；大规模流行 large-scale transmission，become a pandemic，massive attack/outbreak 2iNLm6"
k ]NZ%.
34.表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly; Um+ _ S@h
m[}P
因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations; m]jA (
IWE([<i}i[
孤立现象an isolated phenomenon； [e><^R*u
=2&\<Q_Fi
复杂的complicated，complex，sophisticated，intricate； ?TA7i b_
t2,II\K l
极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy。 SXw r$)4_
6!_Wo\ _%
35.低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances； %DSr@IX
O? OAXPK2
养老保险 endowment insurance； _%Z.Re
n~629 &
退休养老金retirement pension； cH&)Iz`f
Kxr{Nx
Health Care Reform医疗改革 o"JH B
Z 7 @'I0;A
36.激烈运动strenuous exercise；vigorous activity； c=u+X`
Q
_ &, A
37.月经期menstrual period SNqSp.>-U"
~DD
_n
38.生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace M
!6Fnj
cx:_ 5GF
39.婴幼儿保健the infant health care 9i\}
^ s2
dSwf ea_
40.安乐死euthanasia； XEiVs\) G
1t e^dh:Vp
41.得绝症的terminally ill； Vu(N P\Wm
D
G;u_6;JR
42.临终关怀=Hospice Care=end-of-life care w5z] =dN
4>(K~v5;N
濒临死亡的病人：dying patients，terminally ill patients，incurable patient .Vt|;
P}
1le9YL1_g
43.Secondhand Smoking ，also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. HJr/N)d
