医学考博英语写作技巧总结 mK4A/bsE
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一、原则与要求:不直译原文,抓主要论点,果断舍弃次要内容,突出新点,论点清晰,主要写中长句子!!2-5个长句!不写或少写短句!!一般真题范例在10-15句左右。 Q0q$ZK6C
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二、现场写作技巧 WdnP[x9
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①划线,划出实质性,实词性句子。②翻译标题,有标题就译,没有标题不能加。③末尾重复标题,首尾呼应。 J>Ha$1}u/
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精简医学考博写作常用核心词汇 ?HTwTi5!)
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1.下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall;上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase; CTYkjeej
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2.禽流感 H1N1 flu bird flu/avian flu;食品安全 food safety; 0XNb@ogo
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3.公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies; 应急反应 immediate response to; D
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4.关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being; ^=j$~*(LmX
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5.城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system +Gko[<
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6.预防保健Disease Prevention and Health care,服务体系service system; so*7LM?ib>
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7.讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene;个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene {H74`-C)W
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8.lite清淡的;protein-complemented diet蛋白添加饮食; l3,|r QD
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9.preventive initiatives=preventive measures预防的措施 pFh2@O
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10.人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病, x8[8z^BV?e
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11.虫媒insect pollination;虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease: =0Mmxd&o=M
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12.肾病综合征:nephrotic/renal syndrome; Y
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13.epidemic hemorrhagic fever 流行性出血热; yI!K
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14.爆发流行:break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of,explosion <q|19fH-5
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15.传染:infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable; UU_k"D~
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communicable可传达的, 会传染的, 爱说话的[医] 有传染性的; E?V:dr
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communicative a. 健谈的, 爱说话的, 交际的 : v]< h
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16.传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission P_9O8"W
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17.传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation 5i0<BZDTef
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18.污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate n[<Vj1n
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19.福祉 well-being, happiness; TR#5V@e.m
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20.衰老grow old;aging;consenescence;senility;senile yY!jkRq%w
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21.from bad to worse每况愈下;akin to=similar to 相似的;Purulent脓的,化脓的 r8mE
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22.脂肪肝fatty liver; 血压 hypertension hI"I#(*jA%
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23.肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon;亚健康 sub-health U!('`TYe
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24.过劳死 karoshi; death from overwork K]RkKMT,
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25.长期以来 for a long time ; over the years Fd2zvi
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26.养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health +&|WC2#
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27.分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds. k)4
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28.基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations; oSxHTbp?
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基本原则fundamental principle/ rule,basic rule or principle; ZYg="q0x&
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29.morals,morality,ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 )PZ'{S
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30.民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people;合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; coagent; Uc\\..Cf
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31.死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from $B
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The death toll is expected to rise. The death toll continues to rise. RoPz?,u
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How much is the death toll? 死亡人数是多少? \#
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32.归结为 boil down to;come down to; Wk`G+VR+
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归因为/归功于 be attributable to、be attributed to、ascribe or attribute… to、owe…to; "@DCQ
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归咎于lay or put the blame on sb、blame…on、ascribe or attribute… to、impute… to。 3%>"|Ye}A
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33.大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive;大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak L9&Z?$6J_p
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34.表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly; $D1Pk
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因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations; Ay/ "2pDZ
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孤立现象an isolated phenomenon; hBOI:4u[
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复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate; P.=&:ay7?
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极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy。 +UB+. 5P
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35.低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances; r. =_=V/t
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养老保险 endowment insurance; IX,/ZOZ|
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退休养老金retirement pension; Q9]7.^l
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