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2012-02-15 22:20 |
2012医学考博英语写作技巧总结
医学考博英语写作技巧总结
:4{Qh jjX'_E 一、原则与要求:不直译原文,抓主要论点,果断舍弃次要内容,突出新点,论点清晰,主要写中长句子!!2-5个长句!不写或少写短句!!一般真题范例在10-15句左右。 m:b^,2"g t1
8UDR{ 二、现场写作技巧 yV8- D9,e3.?p ①划线,划出实质性,实词性句子。②翻译标题,有标题就译,没有标题不能加。③末尾重复标题,首尾呼应。 aN:HG)$@ @T5YsX]qb7 精简医学考博写作常用核心词汇 L>0!B8X2 m;1'u;
1.下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall;上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase; nZ&T8@m y#&$f 2.禽流感 H1N1 flu bird flu/avian flu;食品安全 food safety; dFx2>6AZt G
o-wAJ> 3.公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies; 应急反应 immediate response to; 4}+xeGA$
E!dz/. 4.关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being; *Yj~]E0`1 } /[_ 5.城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system <%M\7NDWDA +{5JDyh0 6.预防保健Disease Prevention and Health care,服务体系service system; -l\~p4U dFdlB`L 7.讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene;个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene +.S#= j?Cr31 8.lite清淡的;protein-complemented diet蛋白添加饮食; @>M8Pe v&p,Clt-2 9.preventive initiatives=preventive measures预防的措施 wEBtr
e7 9 %D$T'K 10.人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病, 8$2l^ f<g>dQlE 11.虫媒insect pollination;虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease: 17WNJ h9w@oRp`~ 12.肾病综合征:nephrotic/renal syndrome; "Q3PC!7X:5 Sg/:n,68 13.epidemic hemorrhagic fever 流行性出血热; ~!8%_J _ *eHA:
A_I 14.爆发流行:break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of,explosion @PT`CK} tn"Y9
k| 15.传染:infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable; 9=Y,["br$_ \?bwm&6+r communicable可传达的, 会传染的, 爱说话的[医] 有传染性的; A6{t%k~F {D;Xa`:O communicative a. 健谈的, 爱说话的, 交际的 ML=hKwCA t7{L[C$ 16.传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission ~bQFk?ZN+ 6'RZ 17.传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation mA&RN"+V (Wm/$P; 18.污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate "\VW.S 4q\.I+r^ 19.福祉 well-being, happiness; K!IF?iell /2g)Z!&+
L 20.衰老grow old;aging;consenescence;senility;senile tb-OKZq a<OCO0irJ 21.from bad to worse每况愈下;akin to=similar to 相似的;Purulent脓的,化脓的
|y{;|K Bg+<*z-?e 22.脂肪肝fatty liver; 血压 hypertension OoAr% j33P~H~ 23.肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon;亚健康 sub-health ka?IX9t\ 09}f\/ 24.过劳死 karoshi; death from overwork HI"!n$p BiHiVhD_ 25.长期以来 for a long time ; over the years ;kyL>mV{ 9#Aipu\ 26.养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health l5\B2 +}7 ;
McIxvj 27.分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds. <F#*:Re_y T3u5al 28.基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations; f>\bUmk( \U)2
Tg 基本原则fundamental principle/ rule,basic rule or principle; P`Hd*xh".j [6,]9|~ 29.morals,morality,ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 #.\,y>` AhbT/ 30.民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people;合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; coagent; e6{[o@aM{ &J6o$i 31.死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from X YNUss A]tf>H#1 The death toll is expected to rise. The death toll continues to rise. 9Th32}H [5RFQ! There have been more deaths from drowning. rx}ujjx :"
<B@Z How much is the death toll? 死亡人数是多少? d}wa[WRv
LRCS)UBY(. 32.归结为 boil down to;come down to; z~}StCH( 7?Qt2tr 归因为/归功于 be attributable to、be attributed to、ascribe or attribute… to、owe…to; aV?}+Y{# (.quX@w"m 归咎于lay or put the blame on sb、blame…on、ascribe or attribute… to、impute… to。 80 s~ae; (AM,4)lW, 33.大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive;大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak SVg@xu+ Kc9mI>u H 34.表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly; Y&05
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* 因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations; CJ}@R.Zy Ghq'k:K, 孤立现象an isolated phenomenon; ,s yA() 9A}
kkMB: 复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate; t0asW5f G7_"^r%c9; 极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy。 f<> YYeY $vw}p. 35.低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances; G%p!os\> od5w9E. 养老保险 endowment insurance; L
yA(. WW\)B-}T 退休养老金retirement pension; #Lxj
) [^(R1K Health Care Reform医疗改革 %\{?(baOA ^d5./M8Bd 36.激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity; H`6Jq?\ VU+ s7L0 37.月经期menstrual period P=sK+}5`q .{]c&Ef+f 38.生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace v/TlXxfil }rMpp[ 39.婴幼儿保健the infant health care ,md7.z]U~ sO4}kxZ 40.安乐死euthanasia; }Mb'tGW KGE-RK 41.得绝症的terminally ill;
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MB b{|/J <Fe 42.临终关怀=Hospice Care=end-of-life care 69I.*[ FiU;>t<) 濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient q;a*gqt 9Or4`JOO 43.Secondhand Smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. HxqV[|}0u qT>&
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