考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 6@V~0DG
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: qtMD CXZ^n
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 g<wRN#B
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. F9a^ED0l\
A. In spite of _
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B. But for > 'i
C. Because of 9t$]X>}
D. As for 答案选B。 _las;S'oa
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. nB5zNyY4
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 KOh
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She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante WQ6"0*er
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante %IY``r)j
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. g[[;w*;z
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: yN6>VD{F
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 ,xf
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Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 1:M@&1LYp
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 qfo
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I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. 5d\q-d
A. were sleeping 8|%^3O 0X
B. would be sleeping _iV]_\0W2
C. had been sleeping p-SJ6Gg
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D. would sleep选择 B。 F4L;BjnJ
(4)形容词及其比较级 cLVe T
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. wU\s;
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A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. 5L,}e<S$
(5)分词短语 `n5"0QRd
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. *+)AqKP\Kv
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. 0tg8~H3yy
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 %ru;;h
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. R:Q0=PzDi#
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. uvP2Wgt
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. mE%$HZ}
It would be easier to do it this way. _WX tB#
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 2owEw*5jl/
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. Ig]iT
A diligent student would have worked harder. 'R`tLN
(8)独立主格结构 |w aIpB(
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. #jA[9gWI
(9)定语从句 ;{h CF
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. )q7UxzE+
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. 8#!i[UFdj
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: mKo C.J
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. >SPh2[f
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. !*6CWV0
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 sVG(N.y
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 P) 3mX.(}
God bless you! [q !TIq
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. \+aC"#+0
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). F 8B#}%JE
If that be so, we shall take action at once Reatdh
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