考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句

考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句 ~e<^jhpJ
 
　　含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： FJD;LpW  
　　(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 7I/a  
　　the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. z!G?T(SpA  
　　A. In spite of RF[Uy?es  
　　B. But for M{t/B-'4  
　　C. Because of 3~%M4(  
　　D. As for　答案选B。 oD3]2o/  
　　But that she was afraid, she would have said no. 1\aV
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　　(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 *+TO%{4  
　　She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante zeshM8=  
　　D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante nxJx 8d"  
　　D. ~^/BAc  
　　If only I had more money, I could buy a car. &})Zqc3Lqk  
　　(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： ,&iEn}xG7i  
　　The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 #y8Esik  
　　Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 ,f~)CXNT?  
　　(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 JLGC'mbJ  
　　I thought the children　when we returned home, but they were still awake. F?Fxm*Wa/  
　　A. were sleeping gm$<U9L\v  
　　B. would be sleeping pmiC|F83!8  
　　C. had been sleeping ZEB,Q~  
　　D. would sleep选择 B。 S;SI#Vg@  
　　(4)形容词及其比较级 xB_78X1  
　　A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. *-3*51 jW  
　　A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. 5Nt9'
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　　(5)分词短语 "`V:4uz  
　　Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. |ADg#oX  
　　Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. :cA8[!  
　　(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 u)~::2BXAn  
　　I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. ft$ 'UJ%j  
　　To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. $VeQvm*  
　　She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. $*j)ey>  
　　It would be easier to do it this way. n],"!>=+  
　　(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 6n^vG/.M  
　　A judicious man would not have committed suicide. 7-}/{o*,5  
　　A diligent student would have worked harder. 2U
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　　(8)独立主格结构 t?FPmbjv  
　　All things considered, the price would be reasonable. )gG_K$08?  
　　(9)定语从句 &ZJ$V  
　　Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. )5x,-m@  
　　A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. W3xObt3w\  
　　(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： zLjQ,Lp.I  
　　I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. Zb2.o5#}  
　　The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. 3Ol`i$  
　　(11)动词原形表示虚拟 e9eBD   
　　动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 (Zu8WyT2  
　　God bless you! F"a31`L>H  
　　All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. A"B[F#
  
　　She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). IJ6&*t wT  
　　If that be so, we shall take action at once  gX]'RBTb  
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