考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句

考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句 9NT;^K^I  
　　含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： X_qXH5^%  
　　(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 Yx"z&J9p  
　　the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. )=D&NO67Pq  
　　A. In spite of -:,h8JyMP  
　　B. But for I?>#neHc6  
　　C. Because of /K^cU;E,  
　　D. As for　答案选B。 >=V+X"\Z  
　　But that she was afraid, she would have said no. xYT.J 6  
　　(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 `T70FsSJ  
　　She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante ,:`6x[ +  
　　D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante a%dx\&K  
　　D. z7q2+;L  
　　If only I had more money, I could buy a car. f2wW2]Fg  
　　(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： L?0l1P  
　　The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 jO55<s94  
　　Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 {<kG{i/  
　　(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 =FmU]DV  
　　I thought the children　when we returned home, but they were still awake. j;)6uia*A  
　　A. were sleeping yr>bL"!CA  
　　B. would be sleeping kre& J  
　　C. had been sleeping 5F"?]'
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　　D. would sleep选择 B。 9$&e~^&B  
　　(4)形容词及其比较级 {ZXC%(u  
　　A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. Jdn*?hc+  
　　A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. |xVCl<{F%  
　　(5)分词短语 U[b;#Y1X  
　　Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. (x qA.(F  
　　Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. |a{]P=<q  
　　(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 n#Roz5/U  
　　I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. rf->mk{  
　　To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. ,: 4DN&<  
　　She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. ,
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　　It would be easier to do it this way.
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　　(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 N? ;o_^C  
　　A judicious man would not have committed suicide. |xZ cT4  
　　A diligent student would have worked harder. OZD!#YI  
　　(8)独立主格结构 {~fCqP.2  
　　All things considered, the price would be reasonable. _I_?k+#WFe  
　　(9)定语从句 ;9 ,mV(w   
　　Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. t3t0vWE<,  
　　A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. liqR#<  
　　(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： drKjLo[y  
　　I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. U Vc<C 1q  
　　The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. ]<T8ZA_Y;  
　　(11)动词原形表示虚拟 x XM!E 8  
　　动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 }{
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　　God bless you! kq~[k.  
　　All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. s)YP%vn#  
　　She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). ^8NLe9~p3?  
　　If that be so, we shall take action at once zk5=Opmvh  
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