考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句 =%:JjgKc*t
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： ;L#L Dk{Za
(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 yp( ?1
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. u Eu6f
A. In spite of 8}ii3P y
B. But for 0G~%UYB-
C. Because of Z $ p^v
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D. As for 答案选B。 ,?P8m"
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. % ZJ),9+
(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 Y8x(#qp,
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante 1\
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D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. D? ^`(X P
(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： ~}hba3&b;#
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 IM l9\U
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。
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(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 kKFuTem_3
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. bCJ<=X,g`K
A. were sleeping zsR wF
B. would be sleeping bxPY'&
C. had been sleeping ,f-T1v"
D. would sleep选择 B。 w>/pQ6=OFR
(4)形容词及其比较级 "jkw8UVz
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. Wl9I`Itg
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. Vq)|gF[6i
(5)分词短语 XcJ'm{=
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. J
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Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. Ba\wq:
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 < :kTTye|
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. A{{q'zb!
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. v4Fnh`{
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. (e bBH
It would be easier to do it this way. +Y.uZJ6+
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 cLN[o8 ZU
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. '<{oYXZW3
A diligent student would have worked harder. Le#E! sU
(8)独立主格结构 OyG_thX
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. jl 30\M7
(9)定语从句 J1u@A$4l?
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. ~ (l2%( 3G
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. hK9t}NE.O
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： 5@r_<J< >
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. J _
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The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. twJ|Jmd
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 0.{oA`5N
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 @88z{
God bless you! V.P5v {
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. f@xfb
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She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). )T$f k
If that be so, we shall take action at once A a F5`
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