考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句

考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句 uHu(
 
　　含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： !^*-]
p/z  
　　(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 $ri 'tJ+  
　　the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. ??g`c=R!V  
　　A. In spite of se,0Rvkt  
　　B. But for Im0#_ \  
　　C. Because of %Tvy|L ,  
　　D. As for　答案选B。 ^N2N>^'&1.  
　　But that she was afraid, she would have said no. "<LVA2v;  
　　(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 7$HN5T\!  
　　She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante ,f2tG+P  
　　D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante qL1d-nH  
　　D. ZA!yw7~  
　　If only I had more money, I could buy a car. @ApX43U(  
　　(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： -0R;C`(!  
　　The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 InCo[ 8SI  
　　Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 hJIF!eoI  
　　(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 YnLwBJ2i  
　　I thought the children　when we returned home, but they were still awake. rh%-va9  
　　A. were sleeping #'?gMVSk  
　　B. would be sleeping 3Hg}G#]WS  
　　C. had been sleeping oY$ L  
　　D. would sleep选择 B。 D3i`ehh  
　　(4)形容词及其比较级 IQ3]fLb  
　　A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. _8;)J
  
　　A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. {6uhUb  
　　(5)分词短语 60`4 _Uy]_  
　　Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. E 02l=M  
　　Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. ""2g{!~r  
　　(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 W<"{d  
　　I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. {#Vck\&  
　　To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. 5f'<0D;K  
　　She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. HvSYE[Zt|  
　　It would be easier to do it this way. OYC\+ =  
　　(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 *w[\(d'T  
　　A judicious man would not have committed suicide. lxvRF93a.  
　　A diligent student would have worked harder. ".=LzjE<gv  
　　(8)独立主格结构 d|, B* N(w  
　　All things considered, the price would be reasonable. / j0zb&  
　　(9)定语从句 w`?
Rd  
　　Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. <P"4Mk7`s  
　　A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. k5=VH5{S  
　　(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： xWa 96U[  
　　I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t.  p@se 5~  
　　The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. qXQ/M]  
　　(11)动词原形表示虚拟 .M$}.v  
　　动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 +z 2+z  
　　God bless you! yQXHEB  
　　All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. j+>#.22+  
　　She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). W"@FRWcd  
　　If that be so, we shall take action at once E9yBa=#*c  
TBz Oz:k