考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句

考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句 Q&rf&8iH  
　　含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： y %k`  
　　(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 n ^T_pqV?X  
　　the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. O ).1>  
　　A. In spite of by {G{M`X  
　　B. But for GXEOgf#i  
　　C. Because of h>Z$ n`T  
　　D. As for　答案选B。 y\ nR0m  
　　But that she was afraid, she would have said no. HY]vaA`  
　　(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 F_SkS?dB  
　　She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante 'DQp  
　　D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante uTRa]D_q  
　　D. B[ f{Ys  
　　If only I had more money, I could buy a car. ?= <vC  
　　(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： hfY Ieb#91  
　　The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 ^i{B8]2,  
　　Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 @ j$t
pz  
　　(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 I`44}
oJ  
　　I thought the children　when we returned home, but they were still awake. +a&-'`7g  
　　A. were sleeping m_H$fioha,  
　　B. would be sleeping DPnK r/  
　　C. had been sleeping 9p!V?cH#8  
　　D. would sleep选择 B。 &7 }!U  
　　(4)形容词及其比较级 0k5Zl?  
　　A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. +G&h  
　　A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. i:WHql"Kw_  
　　(5)分词短语 1h\:
Lj  
　　Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. _Qt qQ~f  
　　Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. 1vu4}%nD  
　　(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 9AJ!7J#v"  
　　I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. %^"Tz,f  
　　To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. .i/]1X*;r^  
　　She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. ,"PwN v  
　　It would be easier to do it this way. Bh*~I_Ta>  
　　(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 ,ewg3mYHC&  
　　A judicious man would not have committed suicide. p;j$i6YJ  
　　A diligent student would have worked harder. 3W
J> T1we  
　　(8)独立主格结构 ##u+[ !  
　　All things considered, the price would be reasonable. =rgWOn8  
　　(9)定语从句 AnPm5i.  
　　Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. ok'0Byo  
　　A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight.
;ijJ%/  
　　(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： T]EXm/  
　　I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. )X\.Xr-6q  
　　The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. c ~YD|l  
　　(11)动词原形表示虚拟 |i?AtOt@f  
　　动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 h1K 3A5  
　　God bless you! .2 UUU\/5  
　　All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. lIzJO$8cM  
　　She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). gKb4n Nt  
　　If that be so, we shall take action at once #jr;.;8sQ  
 R76'1o