医学考博英语写作技巧总结 M~Tq '>Fn
j>s > i
一、原则与要求：不直译原文，抓主要论点，果断舍弃次要内容，突出新点，论点清晰,主要写中长句子！！2－5个长句！不写或少写短句！！一般真题范例在10－15句左右。 <6k5nE h
9kj71Jp&}
二、现场写作技巧 M/
@1;a@\
&-#!]T-P:E
①划线，划出实质性，实词性句子。②翻译标题，有标题就译，没有标题不能加。③末尾重复标题，首尾呼应。 9I*zgM!F
yRa B\'
精简医学考博写作常用核心词汇 ?[Xv(60]
MH|!tkW>:
1.下降、减少 reduction，decrease，decline，diminution, drop，descend，go / come down，fall；上升、增加rise; go up; ascend；increase; +rS}f
N$L.
'6*^s&H~
2.禽流感 H1N1 flu bird flu/avian flu;食品安全 food safety; 9(k5Irv"'h
o ohgZ&k2]
3.公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies; 应急反应 immediate response to; zrYhx! @
3B:U>F,]4
4.关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being; o|lEF+
5I9~OJ>
5.城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system dD@k{5
! 9B | `
6.预防保健Disease Prevention and Health care，服务体系service system； k4iu`m@^H
t3!?F(&
7.讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene；个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene VR /7CI4=
+9db1:
8.lite清淡的；protein-complemented diet蛋白添加饮食； $PA=7`\MP/
U^<\'`
9.preventive initiatives=preventive measures预防的措施 v2R41*z,
sr%tEKba)
10.人畜共患病zoonosis＝anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病， "5*n(S{ks
^b=] =w
11.虫媒insect pollination；虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease： hXr`S4aJ
:Z|lGH
=
12.肾病综合征：nephrotic/renal syndrome； sdP% Y<eAT
/rp.H 'hC
13.epidemic hemorrhagic fever 流行性出血热； EacqQFErl
OM5"&ZIZb
14.爆发流行：break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of,explosion <1#v}epD#
7e $\|~<
15.传染：infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable； MI o5Y`T
g`~c|bx
communicable可传达的, 会传染的, 爱说话的[医] 有传染性的; yU"lW{H@
8`E9a
communicative a. 健谈的, 爱说话的, 交际的
R~u0!
}m NP[L
16.传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind；person to person transmission Sqj'2<~W
s6<`#KFAg
17.传播,散布：diffuse，prevalence，spread，transmit，disseminate，propagate/ propagation Isv@V .
t6p}LNm(V
18.污染pollution/ pollute，contamination/contaminate \.p{~ Hv
F[/Bp>P7
19.福祉 well-being, happiness； P1DYjm[
+D
Y ;
=y-D
20.衰老grow old；aging；consenescence；senility；senile 1GB$;0 W),
oeKI9p13\
21.from bad to worse每况愈下；akin to=similar to 相似的；Purulent脓的,化脓的 )qs>Z?7
VyK]:n<5Q
22.脂肪肝fatty liver; 血压 hypertension !fF1tW
|,CWk|G
23.肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon；亚健康 sub-health j48cI3C
Rb=T'x'
24.过劳死 karoshi; death from overwork )M(; :#l e
+@D [%l|
25.长期以来 for a long time ; over the years w J
FEua
nokk! v /
26.养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health OI;0dS
N@J "~9T
27.分类 be divided into＝fall into three categories＝be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.＝be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds. 9`4mvK/@
B0I(/ 7
28.基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations； UO^"
<0u
Aa t _5p
基本原则fundamental principle/ rule,basic rule or principle; @!/w'k 8
|@KW~YlE
29.morals,morality,ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面，指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准，尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为，或用道德标准衡量某事，既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面，指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为，常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 BeZr5I"`}
'5zolp%St
30.民众the (general) public，the masses of the people，the common people；合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; coagent; >?K@zsv}
b%<-(o/
31.死亡人数death toll，deaths，the number of people killed in/dying from b||
c^f
d` 9% :2qE
The death toll is expected to rise. The death toll continues to rise. _r+2o-ZR
<A?- *
There have been more deaths from drowning.
B|E4(,]^
MKIX(r( |
How much is the death toll? 死亡人数是多少？ b^b@W^\hn
WVDkCo@
32.归结为 boil down to；come down to； ?m5@ 63 5
X5i?B b.
归因为/归功于 be attributable to、be attributed to、ascribe or attribute… to、owe…to; Y?G9d6]Lk6
n$B SO
归咎于lay or put the blame on sb、blame…on、ascribe or attribute… to、impute… to。 $<R\|_6J
.OI&Zm-
33.大规模on a large scale，extensive，large-scale，massive；大规模流行 large-scale transmission，become a pandemic，massive attack/outbreak Ax &Z=
`)e5p K
34.表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly; j G8W|\8
o%dKi]
因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations; -Lh\]
.f)&;Af^
孤立现象an isolated phenomenon； LLE\ ;,bv
i\E}!Rwl+
复杂的complicated，complex，sophisticated，intricate； La&?0P A
}6zo1"
极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy。 .W4P/P w'
iZsZSW \
35.低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances； M
R $R#
>T Z 'V,
养老保险 endowment insurance； &sh5|5EC
ZBw]H'sT
退休养老金retirement pension； P`ZzrN
c8uFLM j
Health Care Reform医疗改革 U$z d3a_(
NX wthc3
36.激烈运动strenuous exercise；vigorous activity； |qUi9#NUo
b)+nNqY|
37.月经期menstrual period `^3 N|76Y
}ST
TDq4
38.生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace JATW'HWC|I
?w^MnK0U)
39.婴幼儿保健the infant health care j@g`Pm%u`
Ax"]+pb
40.安乐死euthanasia； dnEIR5%+.
/x2-$a:<
41.得绝症的terminally ill； xxnvz
\zCw&#D0Z
42.临终关怀=Hospice Care=end-of-life care CG[2
B3AWJ1o
濒临死亡的病人：dying patients，terminally ill patients，incurable patient =6.4
qdW"g$fW
43.Secondhand Smoking ，also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. .ei5+?V<i
2}\/_Y6
/Z~} dWI
}Qu k n
