考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 H~0B5Hl!F
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: Dkg-y9
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 f4|ir3oy
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. :ee'|c
A. In spite of ~(^?M
B. But for id1gK(F8H
C. Because of sHSg _/|
D. As for 答案选B。 v0
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But that she was afraid, she would have said no. LD}<|
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 B+ZhQW
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante #[~f 6s9D
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante [*Vo`WgbD
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. :8lqo%5
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: @ |(Tg
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 n55s7wzM
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 r}#,@<
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 1@^*tffL:
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. .;;:t0PB
A. were sleeping }FC(Z-g
B. would be sleeping 9?+?V}o
C. had been sleeping
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D. would sleep选择 B。 vu_ u\2d
(4)形容词及其比较级 V<t!gT#&o!
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. VP"C|j^I
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. B>e},!
(5)分词短语 OZ Hfd7K4A
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. 2U'Vq
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. ""_%u'7t5I
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 :qK^71gz
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. ~JDVoS;>jU
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. |OO2>(Fj
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. !u=A9i!
It would be easier to do it this way. j>|mpfU
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 'a=QCO
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A judicious man would not have committed suicide. !sh>`AF
A diligent student would have worked harder. ^wb$wtL('
(8)独立主格结构 lQf38u||
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. U3M;6j9`
(9)定语从句 ZKoISuM
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. *ZV=4[#bT
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. *T0!q#R
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: i-`J+8|d
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. p!H'JNG
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. lVo}D
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(11)动词原形表示虚拟 )~ghb"K
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 #0 eop>O
God bless you! vALH!Kh
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. ]O+W+h{]
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). ) 0|X];sD
If that be so, we shall take action at once 9<-7AN}Z
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