考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句

考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句 n<LEler#M  
　　含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： ,LHn90S  
　　(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 &*M!lxDN  
　　the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. n\mO6aJ  
　　A. In spite of <}C o Qz  
　　B. But for BX`{73sw  
　　C. Because of `V}q-Zdy
 
　　D. As for　答案选B。 cuax;0{%  
　　But that she was afraid, she would have said no. I ce~oz)  
　　(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 Snj'y,p[  
　　She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante n1Yp1"2b[  
　　D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante =9H7N]*h  
　　D. 5%Y3 Kwyy  
　　If only I had more money, I could buy a car. =x/X:;) >  
　　(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： j\eI0b @*  
　　The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 < $D`Z-6  
　　Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 P\E<9*V  
　　(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 )v'WWwXY>  
　　I thought the children　when we returned home, but they were still awake. \ [;0KV_  
　　A. were sleeping Akq2 d;  
　　B. would be sleeping nGC/R&  
　　C. had been sleeping %Hu5K>ZNYp  
　　D. would sleep选择 B。 bL0yuAwF2  
　　(4)形容词及其比较级 /4yo`  
　　A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. pE`})/?\*  
　　A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. " s,1%Ltt  
　　(5)分词短语 dn&s*  
　　Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident.  CT&|QH{  
　　Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. ncaT?~u j  
　　(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 ?al'F q  
　　I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. !hm]fh_j  
　　To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. T;4NRC  
　　She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. ez7A4>
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　　It would be easier to do it this way. {4l8}w  
　　(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 ${DUCud,kY  
　　A judicious man would not have committed suicide. Kf3"Wf^q   
　　A diligent student would have worked harder. [:dY0r+  
　　(8)独立主格结构 G0Iw-vf  
　　All things considered, the price would be reasonable. 7 W5@TWM  
　　(9)定语从句 [z:
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　　Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. b1cy$I  
　　A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. (&r.
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　　(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： juJklSD  
　　I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. e[1hz_ v  
　　The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. *
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　　(11)动词原形表示虚拟 poE0{HOU  
　　动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 #<fRE"v:Q  
　　God bless you! &$+
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　　All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. x>K Or,f  
　　She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). 1C+13LE$U  
　　If that be so, we shall take action at once 2DA]i5  
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