考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句

考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句 D% @KRcp^b  
　　含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： A5+
5J_)*  
　　(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 T:n<db,Px  
　　the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. .P%ym~S  
　　A. In spite of >e_%M50  
　　B. But for gD5P!}s[u0  
　　C. Because of B$DZ]/<  
　　D. As for　答案选B。 tWRf'n[+]  
　　But that she was afraid, she would have said no. 7%tR&F -u  
　　(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 i?W]*V~ply  
　　She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante CjmV+%b4  
　　D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante () <`t}FQ  
　　D. 4n4j=x]@  
　　If only I had more money, I could buy a car. qhN[Dj(d  
　　(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： @4&, #xo  
　　The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 ,N0uR@GN  
　　Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 86#-q7aX  
　　(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 /Bm#`?(ia  
　　I thought the children　when we returned home, but they were still awake. Kc-4W6?$  
　　A. were sleeping 'Y ,1OK  
　　B. would be sleeping k~R{Y~W!!  
　　C. had been sleeping $59nu7yr  
　　D. would sleep选择 B。 
?;+^  
　　(4)形容词及其比较级 @$EjD3Z-  
　　A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. 8Kk3_ y  
　　A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. {&0mK"z_  
　　(5)分词短语 sK`<
kbj  
　　Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. UDVf@[[hN  
　　Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. U @) k3^
 
　　(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 keaj3#O  
　　I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. 8,_ -0_^$  
　　To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. /%5_~Jkr,  
　　She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. E*OG-r   
　　It would be easier to do it this way.  . uBO  
　　(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 u]P03B  
　　A judicious man would not have committed suicide. EN O? ;  
　　A diligent student would have worked harder. L 43`^ ;u  
　　(8)独立主格结构 6zv;lx0<D&  
　　All things considered, the price would be reasonable. =l_rAj~I|  
　　(9)定语从句 tp%|AD"  
　　Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. \QliHm!  
　　A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. l<W*/}3  
　　(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： w2 /* `YO  
　　I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. |MR%{ZC^i  
　　The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. B*y;>q "{U  
　　(11)动词原形表示虚拟 4 #aqz9k  
　　动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 K*HCFqrU"  
　　God bless you!  SOhSg]g  
　　All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. CdDH1[J  
　　She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). K?9WY]Ot  
　　If that be so, we shall take action at once $U~=.!_du  
l8er$8S}