考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 D%
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含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: A5+5J_)*
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 T:n<db,Px
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. .P%ym~S
A. In spite of >e_%M50
B. But for gD5P!}s[u0
C. Because of B$DZ]/<
D. As for 答案选B。 tWRf'n[+]
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. 7%tR&F -u
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 i?W]*V~ply
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante CjmV+%b4
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante () <`t}FQ
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. qhN[Dj(d
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: @4&,
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The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 ,N0uR@GN
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 86#-q7aX
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 /Bm#`?(ia
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. Kc-4W6?$
A. were sleeping 'Y ,1OK
B. would be sleeping k~R{Y~W!!
C. had been sleeping $59nu7yr
D. would sleep选择 B。 ?;+ ^
(4)形容词及其比较级 @$EjD3Z-
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. 8Kk3_ y
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done.
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(5)分词短语 sK `<kbj
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. UDVf@[[hN
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. U @)
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(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 keaj3#O
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. 8,_ -0_^$
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. /%5_~Jkr,
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. E*OG-r
It would be easier to do it this way.
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(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 u]P03B
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. EN
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A diligent student would have worked harder. L
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(8)独立主格结构 6zv;lx0<D&
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. =l_rAj~I|
(9)定语从句 tp%|AD"
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. \QliHm!
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. l<W*/}3
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: w2 /* `YO
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. |MR%{ZC^i
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. B*y;>q "{U
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 4 #aqz9k
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 K*HCFqrU"
God bless you!
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All magnets behave the same, be they large or small.
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She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). K?9WY]Ot
If that be so, we shall take action at once $U ~=.!_du
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