考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句 GG
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含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： [&sabM`Ul
(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 fyEXnmB;
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. a
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A. In spite of yp] z@SYA@
B. But for h{:
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C. Because of *^:s! F
D. As for 答案选B。 \$!D^%~;
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. ^t?vv;@}
(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 9^E!2 CJ
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante iL|5}x 5\
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante Q _`EKz;N{
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. (5 e4>p&+
(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： U+[h^M $U
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 n7.85p@ua
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 ~9#
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(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 Y*sw;2Z;a
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. ,z#S= I
A. were sleeping tB VtIOm9
B. would be sleeping e?p Q uF~
C. had been sleeping ?kS#g
D. would sleep选择 B。 T(Ji%S >
(4)形容词及其比较级 m#<J
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A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. gHFQs](G.
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. a% /D~5Z
(5)分词短语
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Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. '7g]@
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Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. c]"w0a-`^@
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 ;rV
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I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. O;|jLf_If
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. 7~);,#[ky
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. bXA%|7*
It would be easier to do it this way. /qFY $vj
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 O:ACp< @
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. >M0^R} v
A diligent student would have worked harder. c}s#!|E0v
(8)独立主格结构 {$ > .I
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. <$ qT(3w<y
(9)定语从句 [("2=Uz;
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. U;0:@.q
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. ^
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(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： WJ^]mpH9
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. ,5j3 (Lk
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. XA;f.u
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 bjI3x As~
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 ~NLthZ (O
God bless you! #m;o)KkH$r
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. Uy*d@vU9c
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). p'6XF{
If that be so, we shall take action at once fs-LaV
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