考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 ep!Rf:
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: lUOF4U&r
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 u(z$fG:g
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. KoOz#,()
A. In spite of 9g9HlB&Ze
B. But for %R}qg6dL
C. Because of W>${zVu
D. As for 答案选B。 \{Y 7FC~
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. EEEh~6?-e
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 U\g/ 2dM
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante .M qP_Z',
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante ;;!
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D. J4k=A7^N
If only I had more money, I could buy a car. JgxtlYjl
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: R|6Cv3:
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 qrb[
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Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 6LvW?z(J
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。
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I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. fW{(lPx
A. were sleeping Q7HRzA^-
B. would be sleeping 9e<.lb^tP
C. had been sleeping 3OrczJ=[UF
D. would sleep选择 B。 4)S,3G
(4)形容词及其比较级 X1DF*wI
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. q;B4WL}
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. ?j'7l=94A
(5)分词短语 D@,6M#SK
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. OTvPU kp*
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. &DS/v)]
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 G'nmllB`]
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. 034iK[ib"
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. TtK[nP
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. #oS<E1
It would be easier to do it this way. /}((l%U E.
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 mu\6z_e
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. R6 y#S&]x
A diligent student would have worked harder. 5us:adm[pD
(8)独立主格结构 f- K+]aZ)
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. `jDTzhO~
(9)定语从句 %h hfU6[
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. !`M,XSp(
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. ({ +!`}GY
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: _no/F2>!/n
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t.
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The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. T tfo^ksw
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 g!|=%(G=
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 v|Pv 03%?7
God bless you! \J4L:.`qS
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. Z@yW bjE7Z
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). UgRhWV~f0
If that be so, we shall take action at once 2ElJbN#
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