考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 IL<@UWs6
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: F2mW<REg{
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 GP=&S|hi
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. l%MIna/Tp
A. In spite of Z`kI6
B. But for Lz}mz-N
C. Because of 7bx!A+, t
D. As for 答案选B。 mO^vKq4r.
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. *`bAu *
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 EnXTL]=0S
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante z<n&P7k5j
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante hdx"/.s
D. G^_fbrZjN
If only I had more money, I could buy a car. L2^M#G@t
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: >^
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The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 ;TG<
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Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 L:RMZp*bK
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 2$gOe^ &
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. zsha/:b
A. were sleeping
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B. would be sleeping RS[>7-9
C. had been sleeping o-%DL*^5
D. would sleep选择 B。 TSAVXng
(4)形容词及其比较级 7.`:Z_
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. T_b$8GYfCY
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. zQ~8(E]Rf
(5)分词短语 $oU40HA)W]
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. @`
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Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. !L_\6;aP,x
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 ?:XbZ"25pJ
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. o$+"{3svw?
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. x7l3&;yDv
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. U 4ELlxGe
It would be easier to do it this way. 4` zfrT^
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 tW|K\NL
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. +Pm
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A diligent student would have worked harder. rYYAZ(\8
(8)独立主格结构 U$5 lh
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. _.y0QkwV
(9)定语从句 ,/>hWAx
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. (( D*kd"
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. DYKJ Vn7w
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: 1hn4YcHb
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. }+4^ZbX+:
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. PA(XdT{
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 N1O.U"L;
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 -$js5Gx1
God bless you! Y}pCBw
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. 8NRc+@f|m
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). z]Dbca1a`
If that be so, we shall take action at once vS{zLXg
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