考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句

考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句 \o!B:Vb<
  
　　含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： '~Gk{'Nx"  
　　(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 {[FJkP2l  
　　the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. oO,"B8a  
　　A. In spite of Zv1/J}+  
　　B. But for o7 X5{  
　　C. Because of ;hU~nj+{  
　　D. As for　答案选B。 xXc3#n   
　　But that she was afraid, she would have said no. Q\v^3u2;m`  
　　(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 9RN! <`H  
　　She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante vJ!<7 l&  
　　D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante N]@e7P'9F  
　　D. umj5M5oe3  
　　If only I had more money, I could buy a car. fxk6q$'  
　　(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： oQ8If$a}  
　　The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 Q|J$R  
　　Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 Ej64^*  
　　(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 naKB2y]l  
　　I thought the children　when we returned home, but they were still awake. cn!Y7LVr  
　　A. were sleeping Gj([S17\0:  
　　B. would be sleeping :Qra9
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　　C. had been sleeping [
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　　D. would sleep选择 B。 wN
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　　(4)形容词及其比较级 UKxeN[fv  
　　A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. \a\ApD  
　　A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. F45UO%
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　　(5)分词短语 ^aG=vXK`b  
　　Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. R+O[,UM^I~  
　　Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. ?rn#S8nNx<  
　　(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 HJu;4O($  
　　I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. cU'^ Ja?%  
　　To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. _mw(~r8R  
　　She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. ;ywQk| r  
　　It would be easier to do it this way. F
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　　(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 #E( n  
　　A judicious man would not have committed suicide. yXx}'=&!0  
　　A diligent student would have worked harder. fXHNm$"n  
　　(8)独立主格结构 { +%S{=j  
　　All things considered, the price would be reasonable. {s=$.Kg  
　　(9)定语从句 .Lk2S "+  
　　Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. HEjrat;5  
　　A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. ?N|B,F  
　　(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： MyOdWD&7  
　　I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. J!:ss  
　　The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. f&S,l3H<  
　　(11)动词原形表示虚拟 .hCOi<wB  
　　动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 5"[Qs|VjA6  
　　God bless you! 7 C5m#e3  
　　All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. `q 4%  
　　She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). {qm(Z+wcmb  
　　If that be so, we shall take action at once Y24:D7Q  
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