考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 lJ@] [;
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: 7FRmx4(!
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 Ivb4P`{
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. EbqcV\Kb
A. In spite of 0OGCilOb*
B. But for CKA
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C. Because of ?
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D. As for 答案选B。 A&>.74}p
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. N/GQt\tV<
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 ak:c rrkx
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante 4b:s<$TZ
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante jM\*A#Jo5
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. L<fvKmo(fw
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: JMTvSXr
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 Un6/e/6,
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 5O`dO9g}$
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 ;[a|9TPR
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. ^Idle*+
A. were sleeping bO<CR
B. would be sleeping >CkjUZu]&
C. had been sleeping . BiCBp<
D. would sleep选择 B。 o-
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(4)形容词及其比较级 vVE7fq3
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. 6)BR+U
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. sdS^e`S
(5)分词短语 [xKd7"d/n
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. G}9=)
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. Oez>X=Xf
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 2ZQ}7`Y
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. F-*2LMe
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. gR@C0
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. ~/_SMPLo
It would be easier to do it this way. Zc?ppO
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 5 QO34t2
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. @&}
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A diligent student would have worked harder. n-TQ*&h]3S
(8)独立主格结构 ;m2<eS`o'
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. b?eu jxqg
(9)定语从句
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Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. )TmHhNo
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. 1J'3 g
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: _$>pw<
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. vip~'
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. c_"
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(11)动词原形表示虚拟 U!m@DJj
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 8?FbtBAn
God bless you! Lq>&d,F06)
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. [ib P%xb
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). S'HnBn
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If that be so, we shall take action at once >YUoh-]`
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