考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句

考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句 n# FkgXP$  
　　含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： 9wdX#=I  
　　(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 scrss  
　　the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. {L M Q  
　　A. In spite of }me`(zp  
　　B. But for NZwi3  
　　C. Because of =~21.p  
　　D. As for　答案选B。 DKl\N~{F  
　　But that she was afraid, she would have said no. w.=rea~  
　　(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 aq(
i^d  
　　She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante H8Z|gq1r  
　　D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante OY!WEP$F-C  
　　D. =>GGeEL  
　　If only I had more money, I could buy a car. 8N`Rf;BM  
　　(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： m\|E
M'@k  
　　The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 ]2iEi`"[  
　　Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 ^r{N^   
　　(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 QS-X _  
　　I thought the children　when we returned home, but they were still awake. DYgz;Y/%l  
　　A. were sleeping ?rdWhF]  
　　B. would be sleeping )k4&S{=  
　　C. had been sleeping TR'_v[uK3  
　　D. would sleep选择 B。 q$}gQ9'z'  
　　(4)形容词及其比较级 2=naPTP(  
　　A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. c/Li,9cT'  
　　A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. Z[1|('   
　　(5)分词短语 |jcIn[)=  
　　Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. V2'5doo  
　　Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. }8`>n4  
　　(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 j%81q  
　　I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. `9acR>00$  
　　To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. +Y>oNX1KN  
　　She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. :_o^oi7G  
　　It would be easier to do it this way. s$^2Qp  
　　(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 CKC5S^Mx  
　　A judicious man would not have committed suicide. wv Mp~  
　　A diligent student would have worked harder. U7-*]i
k  
　　(8)独立主格结构 g3(LDqB'.  
　　All things considered, the price would be reasonable. ZM[Z9/S8  
　　(9)定语从句 *dsI>4%m  
　　Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. SUjo%3R  
　　A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. 3k
VN[0
 
　　(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： zA/Fh(uX  
　　I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t.
4EaxU !BT  
　　The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. /+m2|Ij(  
　　(11)动词原形表示虚拟 a TPq1u  
　　动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 er3`ITp:dp  
　　God bless you! buhbUmQ2  
　　All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. rU1Ri  
　　She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). -x|!?u5F  
　　If that be so, we shall take action at once tjx|;m7  
L<6nM ;d