考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 !p2,|6Y`y
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: agT[y
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(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 g8A{aHb1}
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. v=1S
A. In spite of .oN
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B. But for "0zXpQi,B
C. Because of b2%bgs
D. As for 答案选B。 6RQCKN)
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. q<[ke
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 <JM%Kn )
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante .0W4Dp
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante )Q/`o,Vm
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. J*KBG2+13
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: udI:]:,P
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 8!Mzr1:
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 mW0&uSMD
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 c&?a,fpb
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. lWw!+[<:q1
A. were sleeping JX$NEq(
B. would be sleeping ^
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C. had been sleeping ^O Xr: P
D. would sleep选择 B。 ^'53]b:
(4)形容词及其比较级 .P:f
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. n.6
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A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. akc"}+-oX
(5)分词短语 {G1aAM\Hz
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. s]<r
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. `NWgETf^#
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 ~muIi#4
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. U[e8K
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. LVFsd6:h
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. ctUF/[_w;
It would be easier to do it this way. .Lr)~
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 IL[|CB1v
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. 1s}NQ3
A diligent student would have worked harder. +x9"#0|k;
(8)独立主格结构 h6T/0YhWLP
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. Y0u'@l_[F
(9)定语从句 sAD P~xvU
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. Neo^C_[vN
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. '=Kof1
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: qv0
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I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. o,Tr^e$
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. R<lNk<
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 [6_Du6\h
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 Dd5xXs+c
God bless you! :Hf0Qx6
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. `Ge +(1x
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). \Sw+]pr~
If that be so, we shall take action at once te\h?H
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