考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 K>@yk9)vi
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: " B#|C'
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 `}}:9d
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. * x/!i^
A. In spite of O1J&Lwpk,
B. But for _\ToA9 m
C. Because of qN)y-N.LI(
D. As for 答案选B。 +jGHR&A t
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. H\67Pd(Z6
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 u0q$`9J
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante r9i?H
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante oJz2-PmX
D. jwDlz.sW!
If only I had more money, I could buy a car. r]DiB:.
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: ~RhUg~o
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 H}^ '
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 =ejj@c
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 4G c
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I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. VY0.]t
A. were sleeping ]gk1q{Ql<
B. would be sleeping CLR1CGnn7
C. had been sleeping m[9.'@ye
D. would sleep选择 B。 3S0.sU~_U
(4)形容词及其比较级 T*z]<0E]
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. [XfR`@
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. `ONjEl
(5)分词短语 3o<d=@`r
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. ^X=Q{nB
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. "TV'}HH
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 D*XrK0#Z`
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. f98,2I(>`+
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. Yh":>~k?SY
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation.
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It would be easier to do it this way. \iuR+I
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 dGIdSQ~ _
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. ]ss[n.T0*
A diligent student would have worked harder. =
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(8)独立主格结构 7=G2sOC
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. h3ygL" k
(9)定语从句 NVyBEAoh
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. 8Sbz)X
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. ,6)N.
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: ?|nl93m
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. ,+=9Rp`md
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. 1'kO{Ge*p:
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 zp:
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动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 =7Ln&tZ
God bless you! k[6J;/
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. 5ut| eD`3
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). ?Oyo /?/
If that be so, we shall take action at once @Jt$92i5PS
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