考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句 %PG::b
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： #R|M(Z">q
(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 k=[!{I
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. L%a ni}V
A. In spite of +G&h
B. But for i:WHql"Kw_
C. Because of a4,b P*H
D. As for 答案选B。 _Qt
qQ~f
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. qH6DZ
|
(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 9AJ!7J#v"
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante %^" T z,f
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante .i/]1X*;r^
D. `QR2!W70o3
If only I had more money, I could buy a car. 8'*z >1ZS5
(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： F|V_i C+
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 w\_NrsO!x
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 d\, 4Wet;#
(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 | qHWM
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. <_ */
A. were sleeping hzPx8sO
B. would be sleeping 1q~U3'l:$
C. had been sleeping P1
(8foZA
D. would sleep选择 B。 m[oe$yH
(4)形容词及其比较级 8Mg4y1)RU
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. g$dL5N7
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. $Miii`VS9
(5)分词短语 ^i-%FY_i5}
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. j Xi<ZJ
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. z}C#+VhQ`
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 R_ vZh|
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time.
j#&sZ$HQ4
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. 7L;yN..0
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. /l+x&xYD
It would be easier to do it this way. ":7cZ1VN2
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 ;
tvB{s_
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. J-?\,N1R7
A diligent student would have worked harder. 5B2x#
m|8
(8)独立主格结构 ]N=C%#ki!
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. tsfOPth$*
(9)定语从句 ^ ?tAt3dMI
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. IH~H6 US
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. U%k e 5uwP
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： Q^MB%L;D
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. aGpRdF1;!
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. Vg
\-^$
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 qZ\zsOnp
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 +o'. !sRH
God bless you! xo@N~
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. g=U?{<8.m
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). 'd U$QO
If that be so, we shall take action at once o=`9JKB~
^G2vA8%
