考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 VV1sadS:S`
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: Dmi.@.
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 ]3,9."^
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. [8Y7Q5Had
A. In spite of ? Pi|`W
B. But for AC
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C. Because of s|XWw<S
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D. As for 答案选B。 &'k(v(>n,
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. *j&\5|^V
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 Xux[
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante iB
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D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante "Ua-7Q&A
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. PCaFG;}
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: ?K pDEH~\
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 ~cp=B>*(
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 T'7>4MT(
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 U}X'RCM
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. S[9b
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A. were sleeping w{T$3F`@9
B. would be sleeping T7mT:z>:
C. had been sleeping ~b#<HG\,,
D. would sleep选择 B。 cu?6\@cD
(4)形容词及其比较级 jbe:"Stw
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. N)H+Ng[
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. }03
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(5)分词短语 WLU_t65
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. j8
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Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. e^~dx}X
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 ,V]FAIJ
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. J_&cI%.
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. >#r0k|3J^J
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. ;9)nG,P3
It would be easier to do it this way. 7Tr '<(A
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 |]q{qsy
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. |uFb(kL[U
A diligent student would have worked harder. Su,<idS
(8)独立主格结构 {be|G^.c
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. A;ZluQ
(9)定语从句 '^7Z]K <v
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. h8M}}
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. ;H%
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(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: T[[E )f1[
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. fRk'\jzT
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. #>CWee;
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 +('xzW
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 Y~( 8<`^
God bless you! s&WE'
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. ^N ;TCn
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). buKkm$@w
If that be so, we shall take action at once 3,#qt}8`
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