一、 长 短 句原则 >L/Rf8j &
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工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: X
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As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is j~V@0z.
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to vTjgW?9
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite 0Mt2Rg}
similar. ed*Cx~rT
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! |x["fWK
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 hC<X\yxe
主 题 句原则 -h*Yd)
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! +Uq9C-Iu
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! aGNVqS%y
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully ;_K+b,
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, !`\W8JT+
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 l9)iLOj
一 二 三原则 }p}i_'%
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… Km]N scq1
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。
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1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) w>; :mf
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) P~_CDh.N
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) FFbMG:>:
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, l}335;(
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) cZ|D!1%
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) ,.]e~O4R
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)
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7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) @<CJbFgJp
8)most important of all, moreover, finally 10}oaL S
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) Z/q%%(fh 0
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) Mn>dI@/gM
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 @[=*w`1
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: P)1@HDN==
I cannot bear it. }S*6
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可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. lx$Y-Tb^F
I want it. vlyq2>TfR
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. (&x~pv"+
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 "oz@w'rG
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, YL){o$-N"J
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital *!Am6\+
之类的形象词。再比如: {!N4|
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room d.2b7q09
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room ATnD~iACY
小姐走出房间应该说:sail out of the room !ox &`
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room 30DpIkf
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room "VT5WFj
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 {q}:w{x9u
1)加法(串联) ;Ly4Z*!2
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, vnN_csJ#^
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: ZM|>Va/X
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. mceSUKI;L
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: 66|lQE&n
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. vo::y"
其它的短语可以用: l w%f
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besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover rW`F|F%
2)转折(拐弯抹角) Iewq?s\Fo
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 F;b|A`M
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. B"qG-ci
The coat was thin, but it was warm. Ee|@l3)
更多的短语: #ERn 8k
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, ScTqnY$v
despite, notwithstanding mi-\PD>X
3)因果(so, so, so) N0piL6Js
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! P~ykC{nD
The snow began to fall, so we went home. H|Nw)
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更多短语: Z`*cI
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a G<z)Ydh_
result, for this reason, so that wY95|QS
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) zb" hy"hKw
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 l+6\U6_)B
举例:This is what I can do. HZm
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Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. sfV.X:ev
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: 9X%Klm 5w
When to go, Why he goes away… .ndQ(B
5)附加(多此一举) uI2'j
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如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 _Pkh`}W:
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. 2FzS_\":I
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. PR?clg=z
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. _);Kb/
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom hBhkb ~Oky
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 1%"`
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6)排比(排山倒海句) 9C;Y5E~'L
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! k_>{"Rc
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated 8>q%1]X
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. N| Pm|w*?
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such g i'agB^
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean o2 d~
tides. FH8mK)
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, WV1 Z
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) |7zP8
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 I<./(X[H:#
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! ^
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原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: v\(m"|4(i
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb ^FM9} t/U,
the Western Hills. ' P`p.5nH
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about 5A$az03y$\
three times that of *rcuhw"^b#
China. 8V|jL?a~
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! 8;g.3Qv
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 9LO.8Jy
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思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! S2ppKlVv
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted +yb$[E*
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as J'ZF
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sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. '!^E92
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will hG~]~ )
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the 1%hM8:)i_
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. <a+eF}*2
更多句型:
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To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, %kZ~xbY
for example二、做比较 u1;e*ty
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; yxC Ml.
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through y4/>Ol]
comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: %on9C`/
相似的比较: 1akD]Z
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner +e0dV_T_>
相反的比较: wWJQ~i?
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, {
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nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, }RA3$%3
…三、换言之 m~Y'$3w
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 ;&+[W(7Sy
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! X(r)Z\
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you.
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I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love Y!Uu173
with you. H
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或者上面我们举过的例子: #*yM2H"7,;
I cannot bear it. %rpR-}j
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. l zfD)TWb
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with !
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it or I am fed up with it. ?
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更多短语: ,}
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in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more QD$}-D[
simply {l0,T0