一、 长 短 句原则 -$=RQH$9
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工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: '-I
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As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is f>cUdEPBb
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to ;O~FiA~`c
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite hR2 R
similar. QqW N7y_9
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! )g
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强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 P Gxv4(%
主 题 句原则 ^!k_"C)B
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! fy$CtQM
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! E#tfCM6
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully $I#~<bW,
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, n[y^S3}%;
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 ]w]BKpU=
一 二 三原则 [4B(rra
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… ;O,&MR{;|n
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 %a0q|)Nrj
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) +:70vZc:V@
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) `-b{|a J
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) Wie0r@5
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4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, aWLA6A+C&
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) l$l6,OzS@
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) GvA4.s,
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) (o{x*';i4
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) 6wq%4RI0
8)most important of all, moreover, finally g?}h*~<b
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) Y}yh6r;i
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) 3qNuv];2
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 v!<FeLW
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: B"*PBJuOA
I cannot bear it. I7'v;*
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. qf[J-"o
I want it. PT&qys2k
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. _wW"Tn
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这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 [,~;n@jz
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, ~G^+.>j
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital !l.^]|
之类的形象词。再比如: o(3OChH
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room P$clSJW
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room 7(LB}
小姐走出房间应该说:sail out of the room 5Go@1X]I
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room @_W
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老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room U}<zn+SI#V
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 _71I9V&
1)加法(串联) iE{VmHp=
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, su8()]|0x
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: ukD
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I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. "88<{x L
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: -b
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Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. 7~D5Gy
其它的短语可以用: "(\]-%:7
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover 3|/zlKZz
2)转折(拐弯抹角) /9-kG
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 #'y^@90R
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. dFnu&u"
The coat was thin, but it was warm. I
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更多的短语: h61BIc@>
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, $1D>}5Ex
despite, notwithstanding cT'<,#^/
3)因果(so, so, so) M_;hfpJZ
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! RUV:
The snow began to fall, so we went home. +C=^,B!,
更多短语: c 9zMI
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a 'd< 1;Ayw
result, for this reason, so that lhFv2.qR
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) ?)/&tk9.n
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 - I j
举例:This is what I can do. j"P}Wn
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. FS6ZPjG)
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: XZpF<7l
When to go, Why he goes away… 3Et t9fBd
5)附加(多此一举) pQBhheiM
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 PZCOJK
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. 2?9gf,U
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. f}zv@6#&
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. ZfWF2%]<
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom .h>tef
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 !Xr
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6)排比(排山倒海句) 3*[YM7y
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! 9]*hP](
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated ]`O??wN
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. .^JsnP
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such dW2Lvnh!>/
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean m<e-XT
tides. "_36W
X
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, JnZlz?}^
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) SRpPLY{:F
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 HCVMqG!
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! d"hW45L
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: zD}2Zh]
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb :7Smsc"B!
the Western Hills. Nh/B8:035
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about ^bDh[O
three times that of 8X2NEVH]
China. uS,XQy2
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! >`!Lh`n7_
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 Dwp-*QK^G
B
D (
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! ` p)$7!
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted 1{7*0cv$iL
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as ;wvhe;!
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. xxC2F:Q?U
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will i*g>j <`
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the c$[cDf~
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. 0($ O1j~$
更多句型: xsIuPL#_
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, iw==q:$
for example二、做比较
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方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; eL7\})!W
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through Y
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comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: bx&?EUx+b
相似的比较: S
x", Zb
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner Z_qOQ%l
相反的比较: ySk'#\d
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, p%+uv\Ix
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, ui\yY3?
…三、换言之 N-O"y3W}
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 +7]]=e<[E
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! `/0S]?a.{B
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. `x0GT\O2-
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love ..g?po
with you. D[5Qd)PIL
或者上面我们举过的例子: ^t'mfG|DV
I cannot bear it. `X06JTqf:
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. QmpP_eS >
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with -N3fhW#)
it or I am fed up with it. TZ2-%k#
更多短语: uGxh}'
&
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more Xj^Hy"HC^~
simply fi6i{(K