一、 长 短 句原则 Q;JM$a?5iV
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工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: 8Sh54H
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is ;J2z p*|
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to '*w00
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite ?D*/*Gk{
similar. (#RHB`h5
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! 78# v
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 "4+WZR]
主 题 句原则 A}N?/{y)G
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! ,TN
2
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! _p&]|~a
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully ~r`9+b[9{
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, tlqiXh<
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 &c:Ad%
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一 二 三原则 5$&%re!{Z
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… K3;nY}\>
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 ~ZEmULKkR
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) ^,8)iV0j_
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) >>o dZL
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) An"</;HU
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, 7~aM=8r
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) .#Z%1U%P.
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) S=nzw-(I
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)
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7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) h`k"A7M
8)most important of all, moreover, finally ul2")HL];
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) "zRoU$X
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) U,q\emR
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 \\7ZWp\fN
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: Boz@bl mCB
I cannot bear it. SNE#0L'}
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. U1RpLkibQ
I want it. rKf-+6Na
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. `~;rblo;
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 dJ""XaHqf
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, <-S%kA8
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital lh D,\3/O
之类的形象词。再比如: q**G(}K
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room K7Wk6Aw
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room wG<(F}VX
小姐走出房间应该说:sail out of the room fUQ6Z,9
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room u[/m|z
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room a5!Fv54
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 J6G(_(d
1)加法(串联) _b.qkTWUB
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, ?Ovqp-sw
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: jR#~I@q^
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. P*Tx14xe4
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: qt^T6+faaQ
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. 15o?{=b[
其它的短语可以用: JPWOPB'H
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover OdY=z!Fls
2)转折(拐弯抹角) njnDW~Snb
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 VZ](uF BY
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. S^<g_ q
The coat was thin, but it was warm. \Z/)Y;|mi0
更多的短语: B8%{}[ q
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, g{9+O7q
despite, notwithstanding xOHgp=#D
3)因果(so, so, so) =)`
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昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! A4?+T+#d
The snow began to fall, so we went home. "a/ Q%.P
更多短语: 5W@jfh)
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a @*DyZB
result, for this reason, so that pdEiqLhH
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) |xvy')(b
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 d{de6 `
举例:This is what I can do. zb
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Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. A
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同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: .ol'.t,S
When to go, Why he goes away… n%\
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5)附加(多此一举) ([VV%ovZ
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 y{a$y}7#X
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. *79m^
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. k%op>
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Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.
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其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom eVcANP
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 :g\rQazxO
6)排比(排山倒海句) OcSEo7W
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! l@hjP1o
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated =
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or simple, there is plenty in London for you. ^U8r0]9
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such `ZaT}#Y
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean 5Y3i|cj
tides. *$M'`vj:
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, HOp-P8z
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) 9=/N|m8.
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 47T}0q,
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! S?0)1O
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: [&qA\
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb ib0g3p-Lc
the Western Hills. ksjUr 1o
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about S2VVv$r_6
three times that of gX?n4Csy'
China. m!OMrZ%)}
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! L {ymI)Y^
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 8 )\M:s~7&
2PSTGG8JV
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! m$$?icA
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted i$-#dc2qY
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as HpexH{.u)
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. e^$j5jV
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ;S/7 h6
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the T_OF7?
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. 396R$\q
更多句型: swpnuuC-
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, 3An(jt$%Q
for example二、做比较 aN^IP
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; cQFR]i
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through /axTh
comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: o VB"f
相似的比较: ;~sr$6
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner ".2A9]_s
相反的比较: h#3m4<w(9
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, ibF#$&!
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, U 0ZB^`
…三、换言之 Y~"9L|`f/
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 GH3#E*t+[
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! te2
Iu%5 z
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. a%~yol0wO7
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love IM-`<~(I#
with you. FpkXOj?*
或者上面我们举过的例子: DcFCKji
I cannot bear it. %N~;{!![p
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. 2;N@aZX
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with $ly0h
W
it or I am fed up with it. t]TyXAr~
更多短语: ]M4NpUM
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more /{G/|a
simply a
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~`