一、 长 短 句原则 m->
chOu~|
2P@>H_JFF
工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: HSp*lHU
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is SU2(XP]5
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to ^=E
4~22q
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite dFo9O!YX[f
similar. B;hc|v{(
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! q;tsA"l
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 1S0Hc5vw
主 题 句原则 B58H7NH ;G
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! H&3VPag
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! -H'_%~OV(
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully REnRpp$
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, n*@^c$&P
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 #
e+%;5\
一 二 三原则 eV1O#FLbi
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… 7+#^:;19`
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 >OZ+k(saL
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) Xdq2 .:\
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) =lr*zeHLC
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) ^ylJ_lN&=1
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, 1K09iB
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) W4|1wd}.t
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) 8[(c'rl|)|
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) }@SZ!-t%rD
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) }@!d(U*
8)most important of all, moreover, finally '[`.&-;
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) Qn[4 &nUD
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) 4kxy7]W
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则
7&'^H8V
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: @UkcvhH
I cannot bear it. J);1Tpm
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. g]X4)e]
I want it. zu*0uL
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. l
\xIGs
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 e`<=&w
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, !i.`m-J*
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital \P&'4y~PL
之类的形象词。再比如: Y\dK-M{$
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room x>&1;g2r
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room h9>~?1$lz
小姐走出房间应该说:sail out of the room H]}Iw5Z
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room 8
x|NR?
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room ;G;vpl
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 ,yAvLY5P
1)加法(串联) goIn7ei92
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, u2 -%~Rlo
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: Ocx=)
WKdW
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. U/D\N0
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: W*`2lf
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. hh
<=D.u
其它的短语可以用: y9Yh%M(
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover L7q%u.nB1
2)转折(拐弯抹角) 'ZTE"KT
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 mBQ6qmK
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. 3$(1LN
The coat was thin, but it was warm. b==<7[8
更多的短语: $LF zpg
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, ?G0=\U<
o,
despite, notwithstanding [M
Z'i/
3)因果(so, so, so) J--9VlC'
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! 2+sNt6B2
The snow began to fall, so we went home. KosAc'/ M
更多短语: oBifESJ
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a |v[{k>7f
result, for this reason, so that hgfCM
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) y5BNHweaRb
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 ]\sBl
举例:This is what I can do. 7MOjZD4?
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. e@NS=U` <
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: ,DXNq`24
When to go, Why he goes away… j:O=9
5)附加(多此一举) zw7=:<z=
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 u"?cmg<.1
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. ]y2(ZTNTs
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. |L%F`K>Z:
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. Ip4CC'
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom 2|qE|3&{'
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 a% Q.8
6)排比(排山倒海句) CJ
{?9z@$.
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! a4 O
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated iVFHr<zk
or simple, there is plenty in London for you.
,*bI0mFZ
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such Tm.(gK
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean .px*.e s
tides. (TVzYm
y
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, Hhx<k{B@7
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) !D7/Ja
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 =xS(Er`r
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! 4IG'Tm
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: QG4#E$c
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb "F7g8vu
the Western Hills. Yih^ZTf]O?
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about f]h99T
three times that of CGbW]D$@
China. #?@k=e\
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! "c\ZUx_i6
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例
Qx>S>f
S"!nM]2L
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! QNLkj`PL/
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted N*|Mfpf
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as )U6T]1
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. }mxy6m ,
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ]>b.oI/
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the _ncqd,&z
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. nBgksB*A
更多句型: 5%rD7/7N
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, /VgA}[%y
for example二、做比较 ]uI#4t~
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; j="
{^b
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through @{+c6.*}
comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: y[UTuFv~Q
相似的比较: ,P3nZ
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner ^8,HJG,!
相反的比较: JQP7>W
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, QeuIAs* _
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, R*`A',]:9
…三、换言之 t|0Zpp;
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 3fgVvt-2
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! X-|Lg.s
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. +!\$SOaR{
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love byR|L:L
with you. I'{-T=R-q
或者上面我们举过的例子: 9XImgeAs
I cannot bear it. |QHDg(
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. v)mO"\
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with :@a8>i1&
it or I am fed up with it. ?x
u5/r<
更多短语: -.
~Dhk
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more Squ'd
simply 2fM*6CaS