一、 长 短 句原则 #U ASH&
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工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: |V|+lx'sc
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is
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to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to "2{%JFE
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite pe.QiMW{8
similar. 80;n|nNB
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! {mTytT
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 ?*u*de[,
主 题 句原则 F9flSeN
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! lAi2,bz"
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! Q5a)}6-5
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully Vf $Dnu@}z
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation,
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you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 k)7{Y9_No
一 二 三原则 Z(GfK0vU
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… 1/Zh^foG
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 Z`Z5sj 4{
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) F]+~x/!
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) J'T=q/
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) %)(Cp-b!
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, =^;P#kX
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) 5:.{oSy7n
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) q_[G1&MC
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) O XP\R
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) g(E"4M@t!
8)most important of all, moreover, finally yxWO[ Z
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) s^8u&y)3
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) EnVuD
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建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 , X{>
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: |CFRJN-J"
I cannot bear it. a
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可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. zZ-\a[F
I want it. d^E [|w;
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. zg)sd1@
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 z(y*hazK
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, TI|/u$SJ<Z
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital ,E )|y4
之类的形象词。再比如: 8+Llx
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room pc]J[ S?P
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room $FTO
小姐走出房间应该说:sail out of the room bC!`@/
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room fh8j2S9J
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room W!Gdf^Yy<
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 |OO in]5
1)加法(串联) "UFs~S|e
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, PUJ2`iP1^3
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: Hy:V`>
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. `
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如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: SymwAS+
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. Z4K+ /<I
其它的短语可以用: PXoz*
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besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover p
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2)转折(拐弯抹角) D1
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批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 EI~"L$?
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. :e1o<JgPt
The coat was thin, but it was warm. /hrT
更多的短语: INs!Ame2
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, RrZM&lXY
despite, notwithstanding A5:qKaAq
3)因果(so, so, so) u6V/JI}g
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! #t8{R~y"gv
The snow began to fall, so we went home. TcTM]ixr
更多短语: moj]j`P5a
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a 1LJuCI=~
result, for this reason, so that
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4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) x&Vm!,%:
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有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 G0 J4O!3
举例:This is what I can do. #o/H~Iv
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. zJDSbsc$%
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: keW~ NM
When to go, Why he goes away… }eQRN<}P
5)附加(多此一举) iB0WEj[?
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 Yb i%od&
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. r)9Dy,
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. B_U{ s\VY
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. p^nL&yIW,%
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom GuZ( &G6*
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 /&& 2u7*
6)排比(排山倒海句) P&d"V<
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! \;-fi.Hrf$
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated s](aNe2j
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. `-`qdda
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such oRKEJNps
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean <^b7cOFQ
tides. `b8v1Os^2
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, F/m^?{==~*
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) ,uw132<b
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 di)
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既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! ihh4pD27g
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: ms($9 Lv/
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb n9pN6,o+
the Western Hills. kt[:@Nda9
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about 6Ao%>;e*
three times that of n .!Ym
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China. [s9O0i"
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如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! A*./,KT
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 /&u<TJ4
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思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! O8|5KpXd@
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted =X?\MVWB
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as ug{R 3SS
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. 2,lqsd:xM
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will r1ws1 rr=
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the f<+4rHT
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. $^&ig
更多句型: st"{M\.p
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, _#$*y
for example二、做比较 7&KT0a*
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; <
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世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through f84:hXo6
comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: i"|$(2
相似的比较: ~&\ f|%
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner b3wM;jv
相反的比较:
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on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, rF\"w0J_
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, pT?Q#,fh
…三、换言之 " P)*FT
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 v^ d]rSm
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! Tz2-Bp]h
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. L6>pGx
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love PA6=wfc
with you. .qk]$LJF7
或者上面我们举过的例子: >;z<j$;F<
I cannot bear it. [sW.CK=3
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. +.y
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因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with
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it or I am fed up with it. iR$<$P5
更多短语: ?S
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in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more g+-;J+X8
simply ,Ma.V\T[