考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 v[t*CpGd
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: c*:H6(u
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 XeRbn
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. Y%"73.x
A. In spite of 1,pg7L8H
B. But for ,{rm<
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C. Because of 9EI Oa/*
D. As for 答案选B。 !W?6,i -]
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. }2CVA.Qm!
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 2C@s-`b
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante 8O='Q-&8
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante Gj9WUv[P
D. b,MzHx=im
If only I had more money, I could buy a car. i*9Bu;
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: 6'YsSde".
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 {T2=bK~
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 :i8B'|DN5
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 .*_uXQ
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. F\U^-/0,
A. were sleeping ?r"QJa>
B. would be sleeping }_vUs jK
C. had been sleeping !\RBOdw C
D. would sleep选择 B。 +#Q\;;FNP
(4)形容词及其比较级 {
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A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. /6@~XO)w
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. Rz\:)<G
(5)分词短语 ~n<U8cm O
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. F\
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Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. gZ b+m
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 Q^c)T>OAI
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. pY T^Ug
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. aUVJ\;V
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. BZr$x8%ki
It would be easier to do it this way.
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(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 dd{pF\a
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. %hnv
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A diligent student would have worked harder. fVJsVZ"6v`
(8)独立主格结构 w4UaWT1J
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. ,k=1'7d
(9)定语从句 Eh{]so
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. ~lSdWUk>
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. q[rBu9
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: tn@MOOPl
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. ZBX,4kxK7
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. Aqp$JM
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(11)动词原形表示虚拟 @2HNYW)
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 Ivdg1X
God bless you! &t0toEj
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. Q
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She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). &N^^[
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If that be so, we shall take action at once :kMEL
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