考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 Ye$j43b
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: bW!
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(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 G{4s~Pco[Q
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. ?_bFe![q
A. In spite of J]Z~.f="
B. But for A-uIZ
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C. Because of w< Xwz`O
D. As for 答案选B。 li\=mH,Wr
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. 9)W &y
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(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 b FajK;
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante qF`6l(
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante !dGu0wE
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. .?QYqGcG
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: 7mdd}L^h
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The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 p$|7T31 *
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 3BCD0
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(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 K
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I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. 8aW El%
A. were sleeping lTq"j?#E]m
B. would be sleeping /QyKXg6)l
C. had been sleeping 0stc$~~v
D. would sleep选择 B。 D%yY&q;
(4)形容词及其比较级 [F-GaaM
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. jmkOu5@
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. \|{/.R
(5)分词短语 nD
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Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. /
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Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. )'U0n`=
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 2,q*[Kh1
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. ^
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To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. 6ABK)m-y
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. 8;DDCop 8L
It would be easier to do it this way. s||" } l
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 W/ Q*NB
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. 6qH0]7m aI
A diligent student would have worked harder. 'q)g,2B%
(8)独立主格结构 R);Hd1G
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. l,4O
(9)定语从句 }LT&BNZj
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. A<X?1$
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. c lB K
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: ;Y^'$I2fR#
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. $mn0I69
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. Fye>H6MU
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 1g{Pe`G,
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 Mu?|<#s
God bless you! 9RJF
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. v4n< G-
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). r0XEB,}
If that be so, we shall take action at once gYB!KM *v
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