考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 Hkg2P,2
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: zWnX*2>b
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 `T1
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. l&
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A. In spite of o]odxr
B. But for hy9\57_#
C. Because of [=C6U_vU
D. As for 答案选B。 )J=! L\
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. V( }:=eK
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 k``_EiV4t
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante R-
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D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante {.`vs;U
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. cF*TotU_m
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: *9
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The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 #x@$lc=k3
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 EZgwF=lO
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 Fk7?xc
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. $L`d&$Vh
A. were sleeping P-[-pi@
B. would be sleeping oE@a'*.\
C. had been sleeping 'B$
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D. would sleep选择 B。 ME$[=?7XX
(4)形容词及其比较级 #&+{mCjs
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. yNBQGSH
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. x
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(5)分词短语 TJd)K$O>
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. lM`2sy
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. (le9q5Qr.
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 c?Y*Y
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. :]K4KFM
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. =>S]q71
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. J6"9v;V
It would be easier to do it this way. > tS'Q`R
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 yZ7&b&2nLn
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. Y;eZ9|Ht9
A diligent student would have worked harder. sfH_5
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(8)独立主格结构 wVXS%4|v
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. f^ZRT@`O
(9)定语从句 O^PKn_OJ
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same.
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A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. )6MfRw
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: )CYGQMK
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. L<S9
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. hW')Sp
(11)动词原形表示虚拟
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动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 jdP2Pf^^
God bless you! T"Y+m-<%
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. @s>Czm5
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). eeg)N1\
If that be so, we shall take action at once )* : gqN
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