考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 &-p~
UZy
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: y N9~/g
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 6-tIe_5
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. l2YCl
K
A. In spite of Lu:*nJ%1[
B. But for ,H,[)8
C. Because of Y?7GFkIP$
D. As for 答案选B。 CLe{9-o
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. !G\gqkSL
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 64mD%URT
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante K1A<m=If
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante >o{JG(Rn
D. 8#tuB8>
If only I had more money, I could buy a car. ti6X=@ P:
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: 9QB,%K_:4
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 V!Sm,S(
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 Vp~ cN
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 v<g~EjzCf
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. 7RBEEE`)
A. were sleeping
~/)]`w
B. would be sleeping $ (xdF
C. had been sleeping %HtgZeY
D. would sleep选择 B。 Gos#=H
(4)形容词及其比较级 yp^k;G?_d
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. lVq5>:'}^;
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. EK[J!~
(5)分词短语 uM_ww6
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. "M-';;
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. PX/{!_mM
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 czu9a"M>X
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. :Z2997@Y
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. 6("bdx;!
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. Z : xb8]y
It would be easier to do it this way. v&/H6r#E.
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 YG8C<g6E7
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. [:gg3Qzx
A diligent student would have worked harder. l=l$9H,
(8)独立主格结构 )fIG4#%\
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. l-v m`-_#
(9)定语从句 hF@%k
;I
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. ovM;6o
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. n~\; +U
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: u<fZ.1
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. M@h"FuX:
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. 0?/
gEr
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 9U.Ctx:F
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 X-<,zRM
God bless you! 2P8wvNDG
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. R59iuHQ[
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). 1~~GF_l?
If that be so, we shall take action at once ?K:\WW
l P=I0A
-