考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 |UnUG
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: n$L51#'
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 cQNs L
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. o2H1N~e#c
A. In spite of g{k1&|
B. But for |,C#:"z;
C. Because of
l ,|%7-
D. As for 答案选B。 sN=6 gCau
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. iP@6hG
`:
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 {}~: &.D
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante Aj>[z8!,
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante Ka!I`Yf
D. C)-^<
If only I had more money, I could buy a car. 1%[_`J;>Z
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: }ET,ysa
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 )=pD%$iq
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 U%<rn(xWXD
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 PG%0yv%
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. `(y(w-:W1
A. were sleeping oih5B<&f#
B. would be sleeping \/`?
C. had been sleeping 'fV%Z
D. would sleep选择 B。 e0,'+;*=g
(4)形容词及其比较级 X?r48l??
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. 0rSIfYZa
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. ,Dmc2D
(5)分词短语 % ~]xuP[
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. nv0@xnbz
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. F4#g?R::U
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 Z [Xa%~5>5
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. ~^I>#Dd
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. b}9[s
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. \BV
0zKd
It would be easier to do it this way. U'( sn
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 ^ZeJ[t&!#
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. }-p[V$:S
A diligent student would have worked harder. K<sC F[
(8)独立主格结构 !c W[G/W8
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. W_M'.1 t
(9)定语从句 sd re#@n}
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. yoe}$f4
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. b;mSQ4+
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: f&@BKx
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. /?-7Fg+,
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. CG]Sj*SA~
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 9W`Frx'h1
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 vEe NW
God bless you! :6kj EI
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. &p
UZDjo?
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). f7de'^t9
If that be so, we shall take action at once bF}V4"d,B3
&<'n^n