考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 \OA
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含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: 3fl7~Lw,
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 ,(;5%+#n
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. <5k&)EoT
A. In spite of 0-GKu d
B. But for ki3 HcV
C. Because of *F|+2?a:$
D. As for 答案选B。 }k| g%HJ
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. z'*ml ?
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 zWtj|%ts
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante g}YToOs
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante zsQF,7/}B
D. %z2oDAjX
If only I had more money, I could buy a car. 7PA=)a\
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: (rIXbekgB
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 {Hr>X
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 ) G|"jFP
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 GZS{&w!
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. ,8~dz
A. were sleeping Bd8hJA
B. would be sleeping w~]}acP
C. had been sleeping X~%IM1+L;
D. would sleep选择 B。 s<,"Hsh^CR
(4)形容词及其比较级 y+= \z*9
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. X tR`?
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. t:disL&!E
(5)分词短语 TD%WJ9K\
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. *%nX#mwz
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. F;
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(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 bu;vpNa
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. x7Eeb!s0f,
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. P^ by'b+zI
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. Y[T J;O!R
It would be easier to do it this way. g*^wF?t'T
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 }WoX9M; 1
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. L-SdQTx_
A diligent student would have worked harder. W%w82@'
(8)独立主格结构 /oB K&r[(
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. e_\SSH@tw
(9)定语从句 @i;L Za
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. *%;6P5n%
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight.
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(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: s8C:QC
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. Idt@Hk5<&
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. DM+sjn
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 J*/$ywI
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 &0?DL
God bless you! uV/)Gb*j
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. \t[
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She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). ikeJDKSG
If that be so, we shall take action at once W5M
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