考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句

考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句 J (F]?H  
　　含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： k]W~  _  
　　(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 is?H1V~8`$  
　　the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. R}7>*&S :  
　　A. In spite of ?XO$9J  
　　B. But for fvccut;K  
　　C. Because of s,>1n0a  
　　D. As for　答案选B。 5-lc
z)DO  
　　But that she was afraid, she would have said no. a}eM ny  
　　(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 9Y&,dBj+  
　　She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante 8"l9W=  
　　D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante 1^rODfY0  
　　D. pv1J6  
　　If only I had more money, I could buy a car. }XVz?6
  
　　(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： Z o  
　　The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 xB"o 7,  
　　Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 j;@7
V4'  
　　(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 Jx[Z[RO2  
　　I thought the children　when we returned home, but they were still awake. fOtin[|}6@  
　　A. were sleeping jz(}P8  
　　B. would be sleeping "pTyQT9P  
　　C. had been sleeping ?'uxYeX6  
　　D. would sleep选择 B。 d[;=X.fZ2  
　　(4)形容词及其比较级 ^pA|ubZ  
　　A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. QHnk@R!  
　　A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. A8Q1x/d(  
　　(5)分词短语 I4 dS,h  
　　Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. 3#vhQ*xU  
　　Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. z1A[rbe=4w  
　　(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 H^P uC (  
　　I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. o<2H~2/  
　　To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. 9Cbf[\J!bq  
　　She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. )  9h5a+Z  
　　It would be easier to do it this way. |KFRC)g  
　　(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 sS#Lnj^`%  
　　A judicious man would not have committed suicide. VaQqi>;\  
　　A diligent student would have worked harder. cd,)GF  
　　(8)独立主格结构 ++ !BSQ e  
　　All things considered, the price would be reasonable. KMZ:$H  
　　(9)定语从句 7+';&2M)n~  
　　Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. D hy  
　　A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. 4r5trquC  
　　(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： a!YpSFr  
　　I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. <}x_F)E[t  
　　The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. tpp.
9  
　　(11)动词原形表示虚拟 nE+OBdl  
　　动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 D>wq4u  
　　God bless you! V"=(I'X
 
　　All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. 4kZX$ct}  
　　She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). t.Hte/,k  
　　If that be so, we shall take action at once e\%emp->  
Zhb)n