考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 \o@b5z]e
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: k 9Kv
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 t Q_}o[
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. u6jJf@!ws
A. In spite of j>R7OGg'
B. But for Ye!=
C. Because of u
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D. As for 答案选B。 ;wprHXjq
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. xyz-T1ib
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 g)&-S3\
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante /IV:JVT
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante <WBGPzVZE
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. rT}d<cSf
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: Punbw\9!d,
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 fBd +gT\S
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 pdnL~sv
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 n7<<}wcV
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. [TO:-8$.
A. were sleeping D|-]"(2i
B. would be sleeping /e{Oqhf[n
C. had been sleeping
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D. would sleep选择 B。 R#\8jv v
(4)形容词及其比较级 <U,T*Ql1x
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. [>_(q|A6+
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. 053W2Si
(5)分词短语 .=@M>TZM
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. eEc
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Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. v@t*iDa?7
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 D *LZ_
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. 06Hn:IT18
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. Yaa
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She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. <&L;9fr
It would be easier to do it this way. BgpJ;D+N4
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 1
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A judicious man would not have committed suicide. |[{;*wtv
A diligent student would have worked harder. r
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(8)独立主格结构 3mm`8!R
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. xwRnrWd^6
(9)定语从句 'Vrev8D
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. =AKW(v
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. BO9Z"|"
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: 5r+0^UAO:J
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. Uv+pdRXn
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. SY$%!!
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(11)动词原形表示虚拟 6/-!oo
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 5AjK7[<L
God bless you! yav)mO~QU6
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. 7K;dVB
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). MV/~Rmd.
If that be so, we shall take action at once vfbe=)}[
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