考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 7uPZuXHxcu
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: JF~1'"_f:
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 A%Bgp?B
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. 0R HS]cN
A. In spite of b
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B. But for O^9CV*]!n
C. Because of 5Vp;dc
D. As for 答案选B。 T'ED$}N>~
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. 4q>7OB:e
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 \ Md
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She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante l0gY~T/#3
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante d<Ggw#}:m
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. &v^!y=Bt
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: %35L=d[
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 !FTNmyM~F
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 KZ=u54
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 XC[]E)8
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. opsQn\4DZ?
A. were sleeping V=pMq?Nr
B. would be sleeping ^+ZgWS^%
C. had been sleeping M
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D. would sleep选择 B。 N0i!l|G6
(4)形容词及其比较级 1y
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A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. i
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A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. QK)){cK
(5)分词短语 q:I$EpKf?Q
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. ,`k_|//}=
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. =;0wFwSz
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 {C3U6kKs;R
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. ! QM.P
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To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. zN#*G
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She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. rLU'*}
It would be easier to do it this way. T
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(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 y<pnp?x4
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. !Uh2}ic
A diligent student would have worked harder. %Y]=1BRk}
(8)独立主格结构 =-NiO@5o
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. [}OgSP9i
(9)定语从句 ?+~cA^-3T
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. X&
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A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. VIC0}LT0R
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: >@_im6
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. :w`3cwQ
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. f$.?$
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 ?^i1_v7 Bi
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 eujK4s
God bless you! PRkSQ4
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. iDoDwq!l_
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). W=JAq%yd<
If that be so, we shall take action at once IvHh4DU3Z
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