考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 U
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含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: >~sAa+Oxi
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 s"
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the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. ]%PQ3MT.
A. In spite of p|z\L}0
B. But for O+o1R24JI
C. Because of Xn'{g
D. As for 答案选B。 |h; _r&
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. g=
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(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 ]HK|xO(
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante sacaL4[_<
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante Tc DkKa
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. =~i~SG/f
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: _BV'J92.
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 dcgz<m
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 $vC!Us{z
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 X/_e#H0
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. F8J;L](Dq
A. were sleeping I&oHVFY+
B. would be sleeping Z)6gh{B08
C. had been sleeping R)AFaP |
D. would sleep选择 B。 cvR|qHNX
(4)形容词及其比较级 ik@g; >pQD
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. ]OE{qXr{
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. _y q"F#,*
(5)分词短语 sglYT!O
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. -vcHSwGb
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. 4}FuoQL
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 ]>NP?S
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I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. c]`}DH,TJ
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. #:{Bd8PS
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. (c `t'e
It would be easier to do it this way. }LDH/#
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(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 }JXAG/<
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. p$XL|1G*?H
A diligent student would have worked harder. j$ h.V#1z
(8)独立主格结构 aVI/x5p~
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. =@U~sl[
(9)定语从句 7q>WO
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. .'md `@t
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. Bb^CukS:
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: T6[];|%W
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. acgtXfHR
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. *ip2|2G$
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 e_Na_l]
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 QMoh<[3qu
God bless you! -~O7.E(ok
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. UPs*{m
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). #9Z\jW6b
If that be so, we shall take action at once " (c#H
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