考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句
J[|y:N
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： tKuwpT 1Qc
(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 !PlEO 2at
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. O `kl\K*R7
A. In spite of x8B}ZIbT9
B. But for n38p !oS
C. Because of sE<V5`Z=
D. As for 答案选B。 p`
dU2gV
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. s\(k<Ks
(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 gs[uD5oo <
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante K7B/s9/xs
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante NA`SyKtg_
D. I]t!xA~
If only I had more money, I could buy a car. xt*
3'v
(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： e]"W!K cD9
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 .G. 0WR/2
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 [!uG1 GJ>
(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 On:il$MU
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. 5lmHotj#
A. were sleeping (t
K||*u
B. would be sleeping n
ATuD
C. had been sleeping c|y(2K)o[=
D. would sleep选择 B。 <z&/L/bl"
(4)形容词及其比较级 .V/Rfq
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. wu!59pL
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. :{ v#'U/^
(5)分词短语 F#Ryu~,"
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. (0r3/t?DQ
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. -#[a7',Z;
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 6Q @j
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. }O5i/#.lR
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. -H@ :*
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. (!aNq(
It would be easier to do it this way. Oh`69
k
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 \;3~a9q%
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. Q#X8u-~
A diligent student would have worked harder. AaOu L,l
(8)独立主格结构 0B/,/KX
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. y/{fX(aV
(9)定语从句 YMcD|Kb p
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. *boR`[Ond
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight.
!8d{q)JZ
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： ?
7n`A >T
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. G L#u p
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. oXh#a8
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 $?Hu#Kn,(
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 T|e u
God bless you! 4y?n
[/M/
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. L-WT]&n_
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). z6=Z\P +
If that be so, we shall take action at once kR-SE5`Jk
mb TEp* H
