考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 O^I~d{M 5I
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: !JjB,1
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 lztPexyXZ
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. 2>#Pt^R:C
A. In spite of ^u#!Yo.!(
B. But for BclZsU=xn
C. Because of ~wIVw}
D. As for 答案选B。 B&#TbKp
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. 6pI=?g
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 Xvm.Un<N
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante O B8fFd
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante 8zGe5Dn9
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. y@'8vOh`
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: Y4}!9x
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 dC_L~ }=
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 q(e&{pbM)
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 v
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I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. ePK^v_vBD
A. were sleeping XRKL;|cd
B. would be sleeping ,IxAt&kN
C. had been sleeping zuWj@YG\.
D. would sleep选择 B。 dl@
(4)形容词及其比较级 oDTt+b
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. vY<(3[pp
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. BKIAc6
(5)分词短语 eHi|_3A&*
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. ?C//UN;
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. P*T'R
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 Xdsd5 UUM
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. VjSb>k
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. bQow,vf
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. K5z*DYT
It would be easier to do it this way. GptJQ=pV
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 .B{3=z^
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. l.\Fr+*ej
A diligent student would have worked harder. {f3)!Pei`J
(8)独立主格结构 R{\vOw:*
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. n>)CCf@H
(9)定语从句 W*e6F?G
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. W`^'hka
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. u1/4WYJeJ
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: R+#|<e5@%o
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. ez&v"J
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. w
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(11)动词原形表示虚拟 a[]=*(AZI
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 +^Eruv+F
God bless you! {=PO`1H
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. Mi,yg=V
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). EA|*|o4)
If that be so, we shall take action at once @X?DHLM
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