考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 |JsZJ9W+J
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: RT8 ?7xFc
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。
9:
lFo=
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. I5W~g.<6
A. In spite of :Llb< MY2
B. But for -$g#I
C. Because of tO&^>&;5
D. As for 答案选B。 /g.U&oI]D
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. ,`sv1xwd
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 $<OD31T
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante )O6>*wq
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante 7-V/RChBm
D. lNv|M)I
If only I had more money, I could buy a car. =i3n42M#
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: {2gwk8
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 .X;K%J2
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 *=xr-!MEk
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 {\\Tgs
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. -ze J#B)C
A. were sleeping CU~PT.
B. would be sleeping iJ|uvPCE
C. had been sleeping VS|2|n1<6
D. would sleep选择 B。 o,wUc"CE
(4)形容词及其比较级 . 'yCw#f
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. ^/k*h J{
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. yF/j Fn
(5)分词短语 &>}5jC.I
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. -DAlRz#d,
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. r@,2E6xn
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 &Hnz8
Or!
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. uvS)8-o&F
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. S`]k>'
l
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. Yz93'HDB
It would be easier to do it this way. |vzl. ^"-
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 Z5]>pJFq,
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. 6-ils3&
A diligent student would have worked harder. j_7mNIr
(8)独立主格结构 )BfAw
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. r:TH]hs12+
(9)定语从句 0C,`h`
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. 7 Fsay+a
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. ]
@fk] ]R
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: 11;zNjD|
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. oe~b}:
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. Y`wSv NU
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 `~q <N
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 ht}wEvv
God bless you! #gw]'&{8D
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. ZqO^f*F>h
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). lks!w/yCF
If that be so, we shall take action at once &b& ,
,
++ `=o