考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句 !/SFEL@_B
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： oZCO$a
(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 ;a"Ukh
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. VTU-'q
A. In spite of 6gXc-}dp
B. But for : %gBcL9T
C. Because of J$o J
D. As for 答案选B。 ~ p.23G]x
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. fi1UUJ0
U;
(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 }PVB+i M
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante s$; v )w$
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante 9Z=Bs)- y.
D. wC 19
If only I had more money, I could buy a car. 6O }r4*
(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： g?ft;kR6S
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 dFlx6H+R!0
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 <}ev Ow2
(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 )9$
Xfq/
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. XX =A1#H
A. were sleeping @S{,g;8
B. would be sleeping xGqZ8v`v
C. had been sleeping Z1&8 U=pax
D. would sleep选择 B。 S}>rsg!
(4)形容词及其比较级 p&7>G-.
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. \(Iy>L.
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. j%lW+ [%
(5)分词短语 `'~|DG}a
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. G 2mv6xK'
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. n[<V j1n
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 x ` $4
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. l)?c3
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. bz@4obRqf
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. ?wm r~j
It would be easier to do it this way. J &c}z4
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 DY1o!thz)
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. :g Ze>
A diligent student would have worked harder. }hGbF"clqg
(8)独立主格结构
d
jk
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. h4V.$e<T&
(9)定语从句 oYu5]ry
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. =!7yX ;|
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. x X}vx hN
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： x;
uj R<
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. MLUq"f~ N
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. J|s4c`=
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 Q|:\
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 .t\5H< z
God bless you! FX\ -Y$K
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. qV5ME #TJ
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). ^ G15]Pyw
If that be so, we shall take action at once 1h|JKu0
uRJLSt9m
