考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 Pv/$;R%
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: #sN]6
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 CKy' 8I9
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. ;MR8E9
A. In spite of [Vc8j&:L
B. But for 2w+w'Ag_R
C. Because of 9J$N5
D. As for 答案选B。 k_/*>lIZY
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. >-0Rq[)
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 #8i DM5:EQ
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante f
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D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante Iw~R@,
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. whxTCI V
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: [0qe ?aI
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。
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Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 ?(0=+o(`
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 C3)*Mn3%P
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. -Aaim`06bv
A. were sleeping N?`V;`[
B. would be sleeping dhv?36uE
C. had been sleeping #9zpJ\E
D. would sleep选择 B。 & %A&&XT9
(4)形容词及其比较级
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A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. 0xVw{k}1U
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. 2,aH1Xbex
(5)分词短语 mX 3p
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. 'b)qP|
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. 6S`0<Z;;/
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 M8nfbc^
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. (qglD
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. 4>A|2+K\
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. p<1y$=zS
It would be easier to do it this way. "i#aII+T
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 "!+gA&
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. n,U?]mr
A diligent student would have worked harder. p8Z?R^$9H
(8)独立主格结构 w 5 yOSz
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. rk6K0TQ8
(9)定语从句 _j+!Fd
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. 4
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A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. =Ox}WrU~
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: >H^#!eaqw
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. 8N%nG(
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The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. P q$0ih
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 Y{D%v
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 +$|fUn{
God bless you! H4s~=
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All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. ')U~a
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). !!A0K"h
If that be so, we shall take action at once V(_1q
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