考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 gs)wQgJ [
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: &kKopJH
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 b/IT8Cm3
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. \}SA{)
A. In spite of 2GNtO!B.
B. But for 5)fEs.r0
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C. Because of w5 nzS)B:u
D. As for 答案选B。 ydo"H9NOS
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. R)% Jr.U
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 ". jY3<bQg
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante pI2g\cH>
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante o7"2"(
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. Rg3 Lo ?
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: OQ&?^S`8',
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 <}S1
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Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 N1rBpt
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 E)liuu!qI
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. 40cgsRa|
A. were sleeping x
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B. would be sleeping P$z8TDCH
C. had been sleeping bl. y4
D. would sleep选择 B。
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(4)形容词及其比较级
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A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. sM)qzO2wh
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. ,c#IxB/0
(5)分词短语 a1]@&Dr
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. ]O
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Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. Kn~f$1
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 QI*Y7R~<
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. nbM[?=WS
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. lA[BV7.=7
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. J@RhbsZn
It would be easier to do it this way. P_11N9C
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 u,i~,M
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. *,g|I8?%VD
A diligent student would have worked harder. "&;>l<V
(8)独立主格结构 ] h3~>8<
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. }RX[J0Prq~
(9)定语从句 &Rw4ub3
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. 8>" vAEf
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. 3|4jS"t{f
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: o*OYZ/_L
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. 1fBj21zG
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. 5S
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(11)动词原形表示虚拟 g?,\bmH E
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 @~pIyy\_
God bless you! h}PeXnRU
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. R;+vE'&CO
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). &2-d
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If that be so, we shall take action at once ;&B;RUUnTO
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