考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 2eQdQwX
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: 4*Z6}"
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 KyP)Qzp
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. s,*c@1f?
A. In spite of s|bM%!$1
B. But for ,}D}oo*
C. Because of ]7AX%EG3
D. As for 答案选B。 1;eX&
But that she was afraid, she would have said no.
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(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 |4Ck;gg!j
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante Lp:6 ;
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante m:Go-tk
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. PHM:W%g:
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: #6S75{rnW"
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 ET^ |z
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 K7vw3UwGN
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 I12KT~z<r
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. `kN#4p
A. were sleeping QYE7p
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B. would be sleeping ek-!b!iI
C. had been sleeping :_dICxaLZT
D. would sleep选择 B。 ,WTTJN
(4)形容词及其比较级 ^Ip3A
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. +`| *s3M
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. ZKbDp~
(5)分词短语 sroGER.
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. j=sBq.S
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. (RF>s.B<
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 0my9l;X
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. M StX
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To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. }B!cv{{
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. 9k2,3It
It would be easier to do it this way. L=1~ f-
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 !QC<n/
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. Gi$gtLtNh
A diligent student would have worked harder. d?Y-;-|8Qh
(8)独立主格结构 V2`;4d X*2
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. @&R1wr1>I5
(9)定语从句 wL
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Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. r\mPIr|
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. [yd6gH
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: ]tVl{" .{
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. Wvr+y!F
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. p{H0dj ^|
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 ep?:;98|t
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 _g6wQdxT
God bless you! {[3YJkrM
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small.
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She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). z> :U{!5k
If that be so, we shall take action at once aJ-}
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