考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 D/GE-lq
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: _A])q
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 ~E!kx
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. r a>2<
A. In spite of Gh@~~\
B. But for i^V(LGQF
C. Because of D W^Zuu/)
D. As for 答案选B。 )*S:C
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. -
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(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 ,?k1if(0[
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante 0H]{,mVs
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante ai-rF^ehC
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. 7CvBE;i
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: B4wRwrVI>
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 I[d<SHo
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 : -d_
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 a6^_iSk
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. \Z&Nd;o
A. were sleeping 'A3skznX{
B. would be sleeping lM{f ld
C. had been sleeping \6JOBR
D. would sleep选择 B。 \ "$$c
(4)形容词及其比较级 \m
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A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. 6CIzT.
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. )AQ^PBwp
(5)分词短语 <.B+&3')
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. a4=(z72xe
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. bAGKi.
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 +ovK~K$A
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. @2)nhW/z6
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. ng"=vmu
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. Es%f@$0uy
It would be easier to do it this way. voRry6Q;
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 vjlN@
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A judicious man would not have committed suicide. /uj^w&l#
A diligent student would have worked harder. "+-
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(8)独立主格结构 {YzCgf
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. jk03 Hd
(9)定语从句 MQ-u9=ys
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. N8{jvat
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. <f>w"r
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: >8>!wi9U
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. t?4H9~iH
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. bOFzq
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(11)动词原形表示虚拟
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动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 K)7T]z`
God bless you! 10Ik_L='
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. Zj2 si
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). 1
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If that be so, we shall take action at once 3' i6<
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