考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 DiZ;FHnaG?
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: !)}D_9{
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 _ q
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the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. v- p8~u1N
A. In spite of t3C#
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B. But for jo<Gf 5
C. Because of (`u+(M!^
D. As for 答案选B。 6j!a*u:}"
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. wUfPnAD.'
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 /<dl"PWkJv
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante L(X}37
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante P ?96;
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. [4@@b"H
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: Z=<D`
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 :c`djM^ll
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 AgB$
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(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 u'gsIuRJ
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. }uO2x@
A. were sleeping v+dT7*^@
B. would be sleeping @&9<)1F
C. had been sleeping PWfd<Yf!
D. would sleep选择 B。 6)FM83zk)K
(4)形容词及其比较级 a)6?:nY$
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. qQS&K%F
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. e'=#G$S?g
(5)分词短语 kq(]7jU$[
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. 7]hRAhJ8I
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. 0 4oMgH>Vd
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 \tdYTb.
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. =S\
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To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. L_!}R
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. -NDB.~E^DJ
It would be easier to do it this way. {P%\& \{F
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 *P`k |-
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. :;Npk9P(N
A diligent student would have worked harder. QR$m i1Vv\
(8)独立主格结构 R]o2_r7N"}
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. 9v7}[`^
(9)定语从句 2F ~SH
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. ZZ>(o
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A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. vQ{mEaH
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: WTZuf9:
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. 5g 2:o^
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke.
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(11)动词原形表示虚拟
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动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 =DI/|^j{;
God bless you! 2JHV*/Q
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. i"{znKz vD
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). lK#uyag
If that be so, we shall take action at once
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