考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句
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含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: 9S7kUl{
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 Xg
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the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. ^ZhG>L*
A. In spite of o/6-3QUak
B. But for 8x8uo
C. Because of Q`D~5ci
D. As for 答案选B。 qg!|l7e
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. 'fF;(?
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 MHai%E
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante bQP{|
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante K]|> Et`
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. Y&_&s7z
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: J-)
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The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 2fS[J'-o
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 >teOm?@U
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 TJ'[--
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. x-<)\L&
A. were sleeping :.d:9Z|_
B. would be sleeping *U$!I?
C. had been sleeping S.Ma$KL~'^
D. would sleep选择 B。 Wg0g/
(4)形容词及其比较级
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A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. ]M[#.EX
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. 3a 1 u
(5)分词短语 .OqSch
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Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. J}@z_^|"mJ
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. E+ tB&
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 a/U2xq{x
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. bb`':3%
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. 80 Y\|)
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. p=B>~CH
It would be easier to do it this way. npyAJ
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(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 EVUq--)~
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. Q33"u/-v
A diligent student would have worked harder. )T66<UDK|
(8)独立主格结构 j.ldaLdG
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. 9cx =@
(9)定语从句 'K*AV7>E
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. l|+BC
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. Xy5s^82?
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: !k(_PM
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. T<joRR
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. ,prF6*g+WE
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 FvuGup`w
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 BH@)QVs-
God bless you! 9
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All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. $hVYTy~}
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). NLe}Jqp
If that be so, we shall take action at once !epgTN
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