考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 >P-{2
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含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: h5+L/8+J^z
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 ,\2w+L5TD
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. YwYCXFQ|
A. In spite of h 3.6<vM
B. But for $0(~ID
C. Because of h_xHQf
D. As for 答案选B。 a,>`ab%>
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. qj$6/V|D
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 kim qm
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante d z-
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante c)5d-3"
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. ysHmi{V~
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: Uu}a! V
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 n#\ t_/\
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 T?!D?YV
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 Ei$@)qS/
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. Pr>Pxs r&
A. were sleeping 2PaRbh{"
B. would be sleeping 8D)I~
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C. had been sleeping \H6[6*JuB
D. would sleep选择 B。 \os iY^
(4)形容词及其比较级 ~
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A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. IegZ
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A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. Q,AM<\S
(5)分词短语 $$GmundqB
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. ea\b7a*
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. I7Uj<a=(q
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 M8,_E\*
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. eG
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To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. 4ne95_i
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. "c'K8,+?
It would be easier to do it this way. '9w.~@7
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 4!3mS WNV
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. 0</]Jo%
A diligent student would have worked harder. S,'y
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(8)独立主格结构 .&Q'aOg
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. YtWO=+rX
(9)定语从句 [=otgVteN"
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. "=/YPw^0
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. w4"4(SR.
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: 6Z,j^: B
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. J8>8@m6
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. QL{ ^
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 /Ayo78Pi
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 13lJq:bM
God bless you! [!Jd
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All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. mh8{`W &
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). m%[Ul@!V
If that be so, we shall take action at once w QnW2)9!
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