考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句 EStB#V ^
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： 9gDkT
Ykj
(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 jyUjlYAAv`
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. 4y?n
[/M/
A. In spite of L-WT]&n_
B. But for z6=Z\P +
C. Because of kR-SE5`Jk
D. As for 答案选B。 mb TEp* H
But that she was afraid, she would have said no.
}<v@0 1
(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 9@(PWz=`?
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante * 20
jz<
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante FEz-+X<q2
D. P6-s0]-g
If only I had more money, I could buy a car. 8B
K(4?gC
(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： p YZmz
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 yy^q2P
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 {9&;Q|D z
(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 @]%IK(|
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. #uG%j
A. were sleeping mI-]/:
B. would be sleeping z,[Hli*0
C. had been sleeping ;>EM[u
D. would sleep选择 B。 kzQ+j8.,U
(4)形容词及其比较级 a
od-3"7[
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. 'j8:vq^d
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. DZ'P@f)]
(5)分词短语 y
*jp79G
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. h,u, ^ r
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. Q^9_' t}X
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 _lJ!R:*
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. >reU#j
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. GbY
7_N
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. 8`B3;Zmm
It would be easier to do it this way. [[Ls_ZL!=
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 ^+>laOzC`8
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. YN yk1cE
A diligent student would have worked harder. E1 aHKjLQ
(8)独立主格结构 njB; &N)I
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. #_ ;lf1x!
(9)定语从句 ~]|6T~+]83
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. :\ `o8`
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. ,GhS[VJjR
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： YlJ@XpKM
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. F h&G;aEq
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. HT
v2#
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 ^qvZXb
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 aB 2F C$z
God bless you! g-4M3of
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. ONB{_X?
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). cN-? l7
If that be so, we shall take action at once >;aWz%-
EqkN3%I G
