考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 gA:TL{X0
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: {BOLPE-
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 sBjXE>_#)
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. ;93KG4a
A. In spite of "'{OIP
B. But for $WaZ_kt
C. Because of (V9h2g&8L
D. As for 答案选B。 /$
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But that she was afraid, she would have said no. [m#NfA:h,
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 xqWj|jA
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante K`(#K#n
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante E+{5-[Zc*$
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. TzF0/T!
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: pGkef0p@
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 I~RcOiL)
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 G8P+A1
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(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 e^frVEV
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. {3 o%d:
A. were sleeping I#c(J
B. would be sleeping uBRw>"c_*8
C. had been sleeping -tP.S1D
D. would sleep选择 B。 `.8-cz
(4)形容词及其比较级 ;Jo*|pju
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. ?N_)>&b
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. |Gc&1*$
(5)分词短语 L9J;8+ge
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. kaC+I"4c
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. PL!tk^;6-
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 ](n
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I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. w 3d\0ub
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. m9I(TOw
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. N.vG]
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It would be easier to do it this way. fv/v|
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 Crg#6k1~EN
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. ~QO<
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A diligent student would have worked harder. BArJ"t*/z
(8)独立主格结构 K)N)IZ1q
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. /O_0=MLp
(9)定语从句 Ltl]j*yei
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. 5@iy3olP
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. CP@o,v-
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: Q>V?w gZ
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. TftOYY.hQ
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. Ipg\9*c`
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 a0)vvo=bz
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 tRkrV]K
God bless you! (+@faP
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. Od*v5qT;$
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). Qk|( EFQ9
If that be so, we shall take action at once 5#P: "U
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