考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 *|97 g*G(
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: uj
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(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 ZoFQJJK56B
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. $d:>(_p=A
A. In spite of
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B. But for b3$aPwv
C. Because of BC}+yS
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D. As for 答案选B。 8}5dyn{cvE
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. r0 mXRZC
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 02|f@bP.
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante tp4/c'w;)J
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante 4&TTPcSt;
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. io8c[#"uU
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: n4* hQi+d
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 l,(Mm,3
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 _4H}OGZI
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 3)5Gzn
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. A$w0+&*=
A. were sleeping Mwm=r//
B. would be sleeping ,VtrQb)Yf
C. had been sleeping jSY&P/[xb
D. would sleep选择 B。 +}MV$X
(4)形容词及其比较级 }PdHR00^
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. ,<,ige
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. mQVc ZV
(5)分词短语 Y ;JPr
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. b7X-mkF
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. *""JE'wG
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 @ P[o
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. $-Ud&sjn
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. q(N2#di
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. m5m'ByX(*
It would be easier to do it this way. ,d^ze =
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 CA0SH{PdW&
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. /U|>
A diligent student would have worked harder. HkG
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(8)独立主格结构 35 Y#eU2]
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. iG:9uDY
(9)定语从句 jGM+
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. aY/msplC
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. 994
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: aD2+9?m
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. .d\<}\zZ7J
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. ul{u^ j
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 ^H0`UKE
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 q\PHA
God bless you! eSV_.uvsb
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. W{0gtT0
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). V}leEf2'
If that be so, we shall take action at once
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