考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句
kPvR ,
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: 3Q:Hzq G
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 4qvE2W}&
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. V*j1[d
A. In spite of
YQN@;
B. But for ^_5t5>
C. Because of E
E^lw61
D. As for 答案选B。 a%XF"*^v
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. -J]j=
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 h,@tfd U^
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante 6R'z3[K9
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante )l6(ss!J
D. ,vs# (d6 G
If only I had more money, I could buy a car. tFvXVfml
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: Lc! t
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 \IX|{]*D
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 }F4%5g
o
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 dj2w_:&W
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. kHz?vVE/l
A. were sleeping =k\Qx),Ir
B. would be sleeping oZ\zi> Y,
C. had been sleeping >41K>=K
D. would sleep选择 B。 GV8`.3DBOF
(4)形容词及其比较级 4L<;z'
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. qlm7eS"sy
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. &1FyauH
(5)分词短语 bZ[ay-f6oK
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. b NR@d'U
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. avy@)iO7
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 @S)p{T5G
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. -'rb+<v
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. n'9&q]GN|
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. 1
&-%<o
It would be easier to do it this way. FV\$M6
_
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 $
E-c%-
A judicious man would not have committed suicide.
2Q)pT$
A diligent student would have worked harder. ;nw}x4Y[
(8)独立主格结构 UHS{X~CS
e
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. ?o`fX
wE
(9)定语从句 %9b TfX"
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. 8I<LZ{a10
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. T)mh
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: :u|F
>e
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. ?7dV:]%~2
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. Bxk2P<d
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 Dpkc9~z
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 8X)1bNGqhe
God bless you! !yu-MpeG
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small.
fK NDl\SD
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). ALt^@|!d
If that be so, we shall take action at once # 66vkf*
Idr|-s%l6'