考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 S"FIQ&n
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: ,Y~{RgG
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 :[#g_*G@p
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. oiP
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A. In spite of *2O4 *Q1
B. But for /]=dPb%
C. Because of Vl;GQe
D. As for 答案选B。 _%G)Uz{3
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. !,}W
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(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 tB"amv
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante QG\lXY,
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante |*079v
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. %1Gat6V<'
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: p8<Y5:`
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 JZ
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Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 9g3J{pKcZ
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 p"4i(CWGS
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. f$a%&X6"-
A. were sleeping uLV@D r
B. would be sleeping (uG.s %I
C. had been sleeping a'
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D. would sleep选择 B。 #~um F%#
(4)形容词及其比较级 %lZ++?&^
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes.
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A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. Ojj:YLlY>
(5)分词短语 @/}{Trmg/
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. & f7 {3BK
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. BcaMeb-Z
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 m7X&"0X
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. zI/)#^ SQ
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. 6zs&DOB
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. i:`ur
It would be easier to do it this way. (j8tdEt
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 g|*2O}<
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. Z qX U
A diligent student would have worked harder. P9Hv){z
(8)独立主格结构 xB{0lI
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. vlCjh! x
(9)定语从句 v0!>":
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. f !t2a//
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. \Ku=a{Ne
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: ay6G1\
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I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. H=]$9ZH!
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. {\22C `9t
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 0'O; H[nrl
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 )t={+^Xe
God bless you! Db\.D/76
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. x8%Q TTY
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). sKIWr{D
If that be so, we shall take action at once .!0),KmkK
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