考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句

考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句 _(&XqEX  
　　含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： }o{6  
　　(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 :~gG]|F  
　　the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. 017(I:V?(:  
　　A. In spite of EWX!:BKf  
　　B. But for X7~AqG  
　　C. Because of I"Gr<?r  
　　D. As for　答案选B。 a{deN9Qn  
　　But that she was afraid, she would have said no. '*XX|\.  
　　(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 5[\LQtM  
　　She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante D$W
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　　D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante D$OUy}[2`.  
　　D. Ki_8
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　　If only I had more money, I could buy a car. x+V@f~2F  
　　(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： 4#c-?mh_  
　　The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 'K:zW>l  
　　Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 hDsSOpj  
　　(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 [ {|868  
　　I thought the children　when we returned home, but they were still awake. @UG%B7  
　　A. were sleeping Tz"Xm/Gy  
　　B. would be sleeping .dvOUt I[  
　　C. had been sleeping y))) {X  
　　D. would sleep选择 B。 "F3M  m  
　　(4)形容词及其比较级 m+7/ebj{A  
　　A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. },W<1*|  
　　A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. Dno'-
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　　(5)分词短语 F CbU> 1R  
　　Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. {"x>ewAf  
　　Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. )A6 eD  
　　(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 c%bGV RhE  
　　I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. w.2[Xx~  
　　To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. ;*Z.|?3MM  
　　She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. 2VgDM6h  
　　It would be easier to do it this way.
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　　(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 BnL[C:|  
　　A judicious man would not have committed suicide. {f9jK@%Gy  
　　A diligent student would have worked harder. {ejJI/o0  
　　(8)独立主格结构 d;-/F b{4  
　　All things considered, the price would be reasonable. XC D&Im  
　　(9)定语从句 \
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　　Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. c2aW4TX2  
　　A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. l\NVnXv:>  
　　(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： x^J}]5{0  
　　I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. rz  
　　The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. s?JNc4q  
　　(11)动词原形表示虚拟 D@]*{WO  
　　动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 QS*!3?%  
　　God bless you! mqx#N %  
　　All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. uzA_Zj x  
　　She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). \U0p?wdr:  
　　If that be so, we shall take action at once x2KIGG^  
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