考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 (
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含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: Ztr,v$
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 DHd9yP9-
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. -y)ij``VY
A. In spite of ;1A4p`)
B. But for 7q^osOj"
C. Because of I|@%|s
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D. As for 答案选B。
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But that she was afraid, she would have said no. LaG./+IP
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 NVAt-u0LB
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante n&jfJgD&g
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante yn)K1f^
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. ]<V[H
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: yIC8Rl
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 !ZJ"lm
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 N0,wT6.
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 *BF5B\[r?
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. 0&mOu #l
A. were sleeping ;Kob]
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B. would be sleeping 33z)F
C. had been sleeping 4C\>JGZvq
D. would sleep选择 B。 R
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(4)形容词及其比较级 c=p`5sN)
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. 4|9M8ocR
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. B"rnSui
(5)分词短语 D~E1hr&Vd>
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. ?5_~Kn%2
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. fl #gWAM
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 kclClB:PS
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. %5Hsd
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. SR7$m<0t*
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. GVhO}m
It would be easier to do it this way. |\;oFuCv##
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 l?2(c
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. _H@Y%"ZHJ6
A diligent student would have worked harder. 6;6a.iZ
(8)独立主格结构 PLD6Ug
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. [!H2i
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(9)定语从句 *5?a%p
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. Y7(E<1Yx
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. y=7WnQc
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: H'7AIY}
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. golr,+LSo
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. 4gbi?UAmX
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 6$c,#%Jt*
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 |`d,r.+P7
God bless you! ,S[,F0"%
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. 9ZFvN*Zf'
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). KzD5>Xf]4$
If that be so, we shall take action at once <q|IP_
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