考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 N>H@vt~
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: u?Ffqt9'
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 SsZC g#i
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. 'v6@5t19j
A. In spite of aj&L
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B. But for =OHX5:Z
C. Because of bej(Ds0
D. As for 答案选B。 !/XNp QP
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. u5oM;#
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(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 /4an@5.\C
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante wXQxZuk[
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante ,eyh%k*hz
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. |UXSUP
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(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: )UKX\nD"0
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 )zr*Ecz
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 b)d;eS
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 z\]Z/Bz:6
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. a2Ak?W1
A. were sleeping d0:LJ'<Q
B. would be sleeping d?fS#Ryb
C. had been sleeping Lnh=y2
D. would sleep选择 B。 EQm{qc;
(4)形容词及其比较级 |.N[NY
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. S<0
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A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. i>Q!5
(5)分词短语 l_h:S`z.
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. xb;{<~`71
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. E-z5mX.2
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 +RooU?Aq
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. =1IK"BA2?
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. sW]_Ky.]
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. =)Xj[NNRT
It would be easier to do it this way.
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(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 yvd)pH<a2
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. Q~N,QMr)k&
A diligent student would have worked harder. |+nmOi,z
(8)独立主格结构
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All things considered, the price would be reasonable. c{M
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(9)定语从句 ( /]'e}
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. Uy?jVPL
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. #3&@FzD_P
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: "hk#pQ
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. T\l`Y-vu
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. &6sF wK
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 =5|7S&{
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 w!f2~j~
God bless you! 0 +=sBk (
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. PT
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She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). 94tfR$W;-
If that be so, we shall take action at once Q#eMwM#~
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