考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 Mm5U`mB
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: rb *C-NutE
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 1#>&p%P!
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. 5?3Isw`v2
A. In spite of V~J*49t&2J
B. But for Mt[Bq6}ZD
C. Because of ;Na8_}
D. As for 答案选B。 Z]x5!
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. d s|8lz,
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 w69>tC
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante ?JXBWB4
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante vx\nr8'k
D. 7y>Tn`V8G
If only I had more money, I could buy a car. b?Cmc
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: ->&BcPLn
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 @DfkGm[%
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 eZ!yPdgy|
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 W:VW_3
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. q?;N7P
A. were sleeping *oEv ,I_
B. would be sleeping 9M1a*frxZ
C. had been sleeping -;+m%"k5
D. would sleep选择 B。 6PiEa(
(4)形容词及其比较级 9Tzc(yCY
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. J*}VV9H
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. "%:7j!#X|I
(5)分词短语 o{9?:*?7
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. ge^!F>whr
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. CHPL>'NJzc
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 N1YgYL
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. D8k*0ei&
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. L&:M8xiA~$
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. @ L\-ZWq
It would be easier to do it this way. 'GrRuT<
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 H!Wis3S3G
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. !$D&6M|C8l
A diligent student would have worked harder. K1;zMh
(8)独立主格结构 CIIY|DI`l
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. kVWGDI$~
(9)定语从句 nARxn#<+
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. A)OdQFet(
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. ]AFj&CteZ/
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: W|lH
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. \'[3^/('
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. NI^{$QMj
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 ]F*|U`
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 >g=^,G}y
God bless you! 1d`cTaQ-
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. m[8IEKo
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). Cm^Ylp
If that be so, we shall take action at once ]Fxku<z7|
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