考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句

考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句 {
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　　含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： |XRI
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　　(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 %Uy%kN_&  
　　the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. PY?8[A+  
　　A. In spite of .jA
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　　B. But for L1sqU-gt  
　　C. Because of 61} i5o  
　　D. As for　答案选B。 #;]2=
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　　But that she was afraid, she would have said no. >)NQH9'1  
　　(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 +TH3&H5I_A  
　　She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante  Hy]  
　　D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante b0rX QMu  
　　D. h./P\eDc  
　　If only I had more money, I could buy a car. IxOc':/jY  
　　(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： G(/D tY]  
　　The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 !77NG4B  
　　Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 =xL)$DTg)  
　　(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 xr[Vp  
　　I thought the children　when we returned home, but they were still awake. >zs5s
  
　　A. were sleeping \K7t'20  
　　B. would be sleeping BtsdeLj|  
　　C. had been sleeping n-J2/j  
　　D. would sleep选择 B。
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　　(4)形容词及其比较级 Q9c)k{QZ  
　　A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. w<NyV8-hL  
　　A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. bcH_V|5
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　　(5)分词短语 Zgamd1DJ[l  
　　Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. s_[VHPN  
　　Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. 632
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　　(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 vWjnI*6T#  
　　I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. QR0(,e$Dl  
　　To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. [syj#  
　　She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. iPj~I  
　　It would be easier to do it this way. 2S~R!   
　　(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 )OP){/   
　　A judicious man would not have committed suicide. Z[?mc|*x  
　　A diligent student would have worked harder. 3n]79+w@z  
　　(8)独立主格结构 fjG&`m#"  
　　All things considered, the price would be reasonable. j:,9%tg  
　　(9)定语从句 =(o']ZaaA  
　　Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. n3KI+I%nQ  
　　A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. :"1| AJo)  
　　(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： )[Z!*am  
　　I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. KP
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　　The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. ( ?0`d  
　　(11)动词原形表示虚拟 m Y,|J\w@  
　　动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 !l@zT}i??  
　　God bless you! lLhL`C!  
　　All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. q5DEw&UZJ  
　　She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). soRv1)el  
　　If that be so, we shall take action at once >l']H*&B<  
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