考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 !C ZFbz~:
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: Zgo%Jo
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 ZS[Ut
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. )KOIf{
A. In spite of \2CEEs'
B. But for HlEHk'
C. Because of Mbn;~tY>
D. As for 答案选B。 ^I)+u>fJ
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. {W HK|l
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 #Hy\lJ
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante / }*}r
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante T3I{D@+0
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. e;2A{VsD8
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: 1 J}ML}h)
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 LqNyi
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 >dgz/n?:v
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 a ,"
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake.
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A. were sleeping JKy~'>Q
B. would be sleeping 2[qoqd(
C. had been sleeping zQ#*O'-n
D. would sleep选择 B。 Ubgn^+AI
(4)形容词及其比较级 3_`)QYU'
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. 4c[/%e:\-
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. vPc*x5w-
(5)分词短语 9Q!Z9n"8~)
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. Cy*.pzCi
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. :(wFNK/0{
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 FBbaLqgVF{
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. Hp>L}5 y[
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. E@yo/S
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. tP"6H-)X&
It would be easier to do it this way. MTKNIv|
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 n1PBpM9!
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. e<*qaUI
A diligent student would have worked harder. Z4rk$K'=1w
(8)独立主格结构 Ow.DBL)x'>
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. ch25A<O<R.
(9)定语从句 &GkD5b
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. l1KgPRmEP
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. 0{vH .b
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(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: ir"t@"Y;o
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. zBu@a:E%H
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. gPb.%^p
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 Ew
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动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 (CY D]n
God bless you! GZ,MC?W
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. N5,LHO
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). 6@t
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If that be so, we shall take action at once o-7{\%+M
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