考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 bPA1>p7
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: 8SOfX^;o
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 [PH56f
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. PwC^
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A. In spite of lS |:4U.
B. But for
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C. Because of CZ.HQc
D. As for 答案选B。 ~F
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But that she was afraid, she would have said no. paZcTC
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 IeAUVRS)
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante >o5eyi
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante 4?Qc&e{5
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. x }i'2
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: V"5LNtf
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 xbsX-F
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 ZU.f)94u
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 8_{XrTw(
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. 85ND 3F6q4
A. were sleeping =|qYaXjT$
B. would be sleeping QA#Jx
C. had been sleeping iJzW3%E
D. would sleep选择 B。 w"OeS;#e:
(4)形容词及其比较级 85#+_}#
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. j,v2(e5:
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. &W?
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(5)分词短语 -bp7X{&
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. *7K)J8kq
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. \g:Bg%43h
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 g/OL^A
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. PZhpp"
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. q[TW
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. d5 U+]g
It would be easier to do it this way. CChCxB
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 zzZK S
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. AHdh]pfH
A diligent student would have worked harder. 99?:
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(8)独立主格结构 kqp*o+Oz',
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. H05U{vR
(9)定语从句 ;09U*S$eK
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. K)TMr"j\
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. j4!oBSp
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: zM++Z*
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. ec"+Il
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. p
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(11)动词原形表示虚拟 VT5o#NR{R
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 (xlAS
God bless you! _.K<#S
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. <ly.l]g
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). Nt
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If that be so, we shall take action at once [Z{0
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