考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 ueyz@{On~
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: *t JgQ[
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 <GbF4\ue
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. &?R2zfcM
A. In spite of `*J;4Ju@
B. But for p=7
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C. Because of Vy:I[@6@+
D. As for 答案选B。 BB?vc(d
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. h~]G6>D9)>
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 e'FBV[e
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante &Hb;; Ic(
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante PgeC\#;9
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. eF[CiO8F2
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: |,3>A@
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 TN xl?5:
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 pSjJ u D
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 hV(>}hb
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. e7m>p\"
A. were sleeping x)Y?kVw21"
B. would be sleeping yqEX0|V%
C. had been sleeping ,g.*Mx`-
D. would sleep选择 B。 DqfWu*
(4)形容词及其比较级 TzaR{0
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A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. 7$;#-
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A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. {X85
(5)分词短语 Zj+S"`P
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. |WiE`&?
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Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. (i1JDe
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 /5Od:n
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. Nl 4,c[$C
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. fH-fEMyW
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. Re=()M
It would be easier to do it this way. |/qwR~
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 lOp7rW]$
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. C+0MzfLgf
A diligent student would have worked harder. eD|p1+76
(8)独立主格结构 &$$o=Y g,
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. AiP#wK;
(9)定语从句 ^n|yfvR
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. m
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A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. LD=e Mk:
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(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: o>6c?Xi&
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. z#[PTqD-_
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. lZ'WFFWLE
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 ^xyU*A}D
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 oimM)Yo
God bless you! 'mELW)S
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. tD~
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She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). E/3i_R
If that be so, we shall take action at once 0!Vza?9
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