考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 X#;bh78&-
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: o#1 $q`Z
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 hehFEyx
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. '@P^0+B!(.
A. In spite of 7"D.L-H
B. But for 3"\l u?-E
C. Because of VJll
D. As for 答案选B。 ^5
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But that she was afraid, she would have said no. "kqPmeI
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 q'MZ R'<@
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante IIx#2r
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante 7. ;3e@s
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. [j'X;tVX{
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: r]36zX v
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 k|d+#u[Mj@
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 wLr_-vJ
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 =w0R$&b&
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. &@YmA1Yu)E
A. were sleeping 0{ R=9wcc
B. would be sleeping
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C. had been sleeping kMd.h[X~
D. would sleep选择 B。 q5:N2Jmo?z
(4)形容词及其比较级 %84rL?S
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. D}/vLw :v
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. U4B(#2'
(5)分词短语 ~e@z;]CiY
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. ^gnZ+`3
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father.
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(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 vRO
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I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. ?5
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To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. <UQbt N-B\
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. 3$
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It would be easier to do it this way. 04=c-~&q
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 Ek]'km!
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. *!7O~yQ
A diligent student would have worked harder. ?.;c$'
(8)独立主格结构 B0]~el
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. ZzT9j~
(9)定语从句 W:L
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Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. ?<'}r7D
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. SI-Ops~e
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: NHZz _a=
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. JnM["Q=`
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. dNeVo|Y~h
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 @2 fg~2M1
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 v
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God bless you! 81
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All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. N5b!.B x-w
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). @r/nF5
If that be so, we shall take action at once #'9HU2
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