考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 Th`skK&U
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: uP\lCqK,
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 %AOIKK5
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. b;|55Y
A. In spite of lyCW=nc
B. But for *&AfR8x_z
C. Because of Y32O-I!9u
D. As for 答案选B。 k`".
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. xf%4, JQ
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 &h*S
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She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante M8k"je7`s
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car.
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(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: /S:F)MO9
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 Qr#1 u
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 ?Z\Yu'
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 gBu1QviU
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. (BX83)
A. were sleeping uH3D{4
B. would be sleeping lq.Te,Y%w
C. had been sleeping \U%#nU{
D. would sleep选择 B。 0=w K:Ex
(4)形容词及其比较级 H1!iP$1#V
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. 2A4FaBq"
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. &Bx
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(5)分词短语 KCe13!
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. S{',QO*D6
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. dQezd-y*
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 }awzO#
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. bIt=v)%$
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. \EbbkN:D
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. 57F%j3.|/
It would be easier to do it this way. ctQbp~-
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 6VD1cb\lF
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. fJjgq)9
A diligent student would have worked harder. lC97_T
(8)独立主格结构 dsK&U\ej}
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. `,wu}F85
(9)定语从句 ,1Qd\8N9
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. i5hD#
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. b7C
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(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: OH<?DcfeL
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. ;D ~L|
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. JU0]Wq <^[
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 ?_6YtR,{
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 nbofYI$rd&
God bless you! ]kktoP|D
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. Ft%hh|$5y
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). jyW[m,#(go
If that be so, we shall take action at once .M|>u_<
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