考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 "\VW.S
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: P`\m9"7
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 =q_&*'
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. c
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A. In spite of 1$='`@8I
B. But for
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C. Because of 8CHb~m@^$
D. As for 答案选B。 /3)YWFZZc
But that she was afraid, she would have said no.
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(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 )'BJ4[aq\
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante $$2S*qY
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante c8k6(#\
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. W (=Wg|cr
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: $I}Hk^X
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 4b3 F9
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 .LXh]I*
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 EzD
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I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. 2FZ0c/[&
A. were sleeping |xsV(jK8
B. would be sleeping q
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C. had been sleeping (n":]8}
D. would sleep选择 B。 X/`#5<x
(4)形容词及其比较级 #lBpln9
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. an$]IN
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. :|n>H+Y
(5)分词短语 1c<CEq:?e%
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. Wvut)T
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. wZ]BY
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(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 F(KH-
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. S1H47<)UF
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. 4,w{rmj
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. G)tq/`zNw
It would be easier to do it this way. ? !oVf>
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 \4\\575zp'
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. d}wa[WRv
A diligent student would have worked harder. 6uCk0
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(8)独立主格结构 MUCJ/GF*
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. A<YZBR_
(9)定语从句 qOcG|UgF
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. A5.'h<
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. s!j(nUd/
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: RK~FT/
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. 9p[W :)P4d
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. <D;H}ef
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 PO%yWns30o
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 XD+cs.{5
God bless you! 5QL9w3L
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. zNsL^;uT
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). S,"ChR
If that be so, we shall take action at once SRG!G]?-
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