考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 @babgP,
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: U'-MMwE]
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 DJ}xD&G
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. * VW\
A. In spite of +6<MK;
B. But for 0 {{7 "
C. Because of Zz?+,-$_*&
D. As for 答案选B。 e7#=F6
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. gK)B3dH*&
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 5tq$SF42X
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante 73}k[e7e
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante )STt3.
D. C
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. njUM>E,'
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: I}:>
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The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 _IlL'c5
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 4QIvxH
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 1~7y]d?%
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake.
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A. were sleeping a}>GQu*y
B. would be sleeping _cGiuxf
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C. had been sleeping H~V=TEj
D. would sleep选择 B。 K4RjGSaF
(4)形容词及其比较级 ?q,x?`|(8
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. sg6cq_\
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. T@vVff
(5)分词短语 \'p7,F{:>5
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. k2+Z7#2n
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. ?1412Tq5
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 >XZq=q]E!
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. 15s?QSKj
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. u8,T>VNVw
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. Ys3C'Gc
It would be easier to do it this way. r}5GJ|p0
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 X|q0m3jt
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. GYs4#40
A diligent student would have worked harder. ,}|V'y
(8)独立主格结构 'V>+G>U
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. 4OIN@n*4
(9)定语从句 eo,]b1C2n
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. Rd!.8K[
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. %FRkvqV*
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: w'eenIX^^
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t.
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The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. rLXn35O
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 U!`'Qw;
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 ?@,:\ ,G
God bless you! jGWLYI=V2
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. @Uu\x~3y
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). ^49moC-
If that be so, we shall take action at once eyG.XAP
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