考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 2wa'WEx
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: k
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(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 *?VB/yO=0
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. w ~^{V4V
A. In spite of m_FTg)_=
B. But for =1xVw5^F
C. Because of
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D. As for 答案选B。 r?dkE=B
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. tgHN\@yj
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 L0w2qF
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante D
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D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante b<[]z,
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. LR'~:46#u
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: d*=qqe
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The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 /iJsa&W}
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 54/ZGaonz
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 kBY#=e).
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. o{ccO29H/
A. were sleeping _@VKWU$$
B. would be sleeping QUg<~q)Oq
C. had been sleeping 1_StgFu u
D. would sleep选择 B。 9>ZX@1]m_
(4)形容词及其比较级 CK_\K,xVT
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. NE3/>5
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. E.-2 /'i
(5)分词短语 Hq>rK`
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. 0UGAc]!/RZ
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. m`b:#z
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 2P{! n#"
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. .Np!Qp1*
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. jO`L:D/C
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. c:s[vghH^#
It would be easier to do it this way. Jq+@%#G
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 q~X}&}UT
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. G {a;s-OA3
A diligent student would have worked harder. GB>T3l"
(8)独立主格结构 v{8r46Y~Z)
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. #jg3Ku;Y
(9)定语从句 JqEo~]E]
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. B<~BX[
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. ?:F Jc[J
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: ;:bnLSPo
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. lH"V
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The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. 9FF
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 ESe$6)P
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 gpCWX
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God bless you! V~t;
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All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. "2T* w~V&y
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). Cn>t"#zs!~
If that be so, we shall take action at once \JNWL yw
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