考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句 |
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含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： =hcPTU-QU
(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 l^,qO3ES
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. d~<QAh#rG
A. In spite of H'h#wV`(
B. But for .&chdVcxyS
C. Because of L*O>IQh2
D. As for 答案选B。 !~d'{ sy6
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. MOyT< $
(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 DVzssP g
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante "=ElCaP}
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante \ 522,n`
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. 3`rIV*&_{
(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： N<"`ShCNM
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 1uC;$Aj6:
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 \kk!Dz*H
(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 wDZ
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. L1F###c
A. were sleeping cdN/Qy
B. would be sleeping fwH`}<o
C. had been sleeping ` #=fA
D. would sleep选择 B。 s@ z{dmL
(4)形容词及其比较级 a6qwL4
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. & PSTwZd
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. blmmm(|~|
(5)分词短语 +]_nbWL(%
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. (tpof
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Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. jPpRsw>
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 n_u`B|^Pj
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. W8x[3,gT
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. vi<X3G6Xh
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. 9,w}Xe=C
It would be easier to do it this way. /4^G 34
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 9 ='=-;@/5
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. 2 mSD"[%
A diligent student would have worked harder. @7 )Z
(8)独立主格结构 s><IykIi
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. Ou? r {$(b
(9)定语从句 [\88@B=jXP
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. rQn{L{
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. 9ptZVv=O
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： ,;7`{Nab
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. kAY@^vi
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. qP qy4V. ;
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 yB=C5-\F
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 sE- x" c
God bless you! kpl~/i` 4
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. xnT3^ #-h
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). gH5CB%)
If that be so, we shall take action at once s c5\( b
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