考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 M50I.Rd
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: F85_Lz4
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 lpG%rN!
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. #Hrzk!&9
A. In spite of ]k!Xb
B. But for JP4DV=}L
C. Because of G _cJI
D. As for 答案选B。 Z:9 Q~}x8
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. tA#Pc6zBuC
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 %>FtA)
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante n^nE&'[?0g
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante c|/HX%Y
D. v@zi?D K
If only I had more money, I could buy a car. c`<2&ke
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: T#B#q1/
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 AYnPxi
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Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 ~/G)z?+E
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 8 #4K@nm5
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. 7Bj,{9^aJ
A. were sleeping -,")GA+[7
B. would be sleeping [1rQ'FBB^1
C. had been sleeping j !*,(
D. would sleep选择 B。 @bg9
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(4)形容词及其比较级 d<-f:}^k0
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. |2do8z
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. S"!6]!~^
(5)分词短语 JX0M3|I=
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. ?TA7i b_
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. =d8Rij-
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 wlNL;W@w
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. 58Ibje
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. J2qsZ
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. kx&JY9(
It would be easier to do it this way. OQumAj
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 Aits<0
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. VgbNZ{qk@
A diligent student would have worked harder. eC5*Q=ai,
(8)独立主格结构 Ovt]3`U9J
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. 5[;[ Te9=S
(9)定语从句 Ii+3yE@c
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. X
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A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. d>f;N+O%
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: !*v%
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I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. lfAy$qP"}
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. /!ElAL
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 Ubu&$4a
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。
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God bless you! *fm?"0M5
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. XKGiw 2
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She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). z<eu=OD4t
If that be so, we shall take action at once P8c_GEna
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