考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 P<<hg3@
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: V!94I2%#x
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 ;=[~2*8
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. ?Q X
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A. In spite of M(_1'2
B. But for GcL
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C. Because of g,N"o72)
D. As for 答案选B。 |tkhsQ-;
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. v3vQfcxR
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 A=5A8B1
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante .^%!X!r
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante C;&44cU/]
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. `zJTVi4
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: `V1D&}H+G
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 Gg3cY{7
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 l$_Yl&!q$
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 Q]q`+ Z65
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. $]G_^ji)K
A. were sleeping
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B. would be sleeping A{:PpYs
C. had been sleeping w1je|Oil
D. would sleep选择 B。 `nxm<~-\
(4)形容词及其比较级 i5>]$j1/
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. 86s.qPB0
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. pD+_ K
(5)分词短语 W+&w'~M
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. eJ+uP,$
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. Z>)(yi9+
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 .."=
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. 4&Q.6HkL
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. Pw^lp'dO
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. wz-#kH5?
It would be easier to do it this way. s/,wyxKd
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 <Ct b^4$
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. Xgge_`T9
A diligent student would have worked harder. Fu*~{n
(8)独立主格结构 R89;<,Ie
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. 7j&iHL
(9)定语从句 ~Bll\3-=
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. e5!LbsJv
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. 6gLk?^.
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: D0(%{S^
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. pNN6P sLt
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. vjy 59m
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 'WEypz
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 CzF#feTA
God bless you! yG)zrRU
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. ^Z:oCTOP
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). a=<l}`*
If that be so, we shall take action at once }u=-Y'!#]
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