考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 dm
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含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: JXww_e[
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 Z$c&Y>@)
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. 0n4( Rj|}2
A. In spite of 3rZPVR$))
B. But for 0H%zkJ>Q
C. Because of /W
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D. As for 答案选B。 |;aZi?Ek[
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. Z= -fL
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 `'r~3kP*NT
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante QTF1~A\
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante I)jAdd
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. 0S+$l
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: &\5bo=5V
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 5>e<|@2
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Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 b
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(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 D8B\F5..c#
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. e{4e<hd
A. were sleeping UWqX}T[^
B. would be sleeping D>U(&n
C. had been sleeping Y>E` 7n
D. would sleep选择 B。 g hkV^ [
(4)形容词及其比较级 xrNe:Aj
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. 6_rgRo&
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. [ *C~BM
(5)分词短语 )VG>6x
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. \ ux{J
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. !)J$f_88D
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 8/P!i2o
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. Mxd7X<\$
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. A
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She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. \|]+sQ WQ
It would be easier to do it this way. .k
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(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 .
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A judicious man would not have committed suicide. wYS r.T8Q
A diligent student would have worked harder. LZ(K{+U/
(8)独立主格结构 X}QcXc.d
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. EuVA"~PA
(9)定语从句 hVZS6gU,x
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. o~xGE 6A*"
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. 66MUrNW
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: CqX*.j{
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. 5VVU%STP
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. I&&;a.
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 B1Z;
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 ][ 8`}ki 1
God bless you! rof9Rxxe-
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. egWfKL&iy
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). BuitM|k'
If that be so, we shall take action at once ;c@B +RquR
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