考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 &sleV5V
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: pT\>kqmj
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 x8YuX*/I
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. bBA
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A. In spite of = s^KZV
B. But for 2MaHD}1Jw
C. Because of Khp`KPxz%
D. As for 答案选B。 %s<7M@]f
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. V`Ve__5;
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 Nr 5h%<`I
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante ?Ho~6q8O@
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante y
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. :=9?XzCC
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: (ns>z7
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 5R"My^G
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 v53qpqc
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 )rX["=
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. }&|S8:
A. were sleeping lQ/u#c$n
B. would be sleeping Ps=OL\i
C. had been sleeping cVCylRU"
D. would sleep选择 B。 ZmM
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(4)形容词及其比较级 ';<gc5EK
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. =P>c1T1-
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. aL
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(5)分词短语 24;F~y8H
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. ?&v+-4%4PI
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. F/1B>2$`
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 QAs$fi}f]s
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. rO#WG}E<"
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. G .PzpBA
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. ks{y=@<,
It would be easier to do it this way. H<6TN^
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 9UF
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A judicious man would not have committed suicide. ^Yu<fFn
A diligent student would have worked harder. >SS
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(8)独立主格结构 kTJz .
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. BT[jD}?
(9)定语从句 ShFC@)<lJ
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. c& &^Do
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. P'wn$WE[n\
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: _wvSLu <q
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. 6Ja} N
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. V(/ @$&
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 lt:xN?--A?
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 /HlLfW
God bless you! A:{PPjs%LA
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. bLSZZfq
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). |s<IZ2z]}R
If that be so, we shall take action at once /Mac:;W`
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