考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 /:];2P6#X
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: |x~ei_x7.p
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 Lzb [%?
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.
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A. In spite of w+ )GM
B. But for (%^TTe
C. Because of QrRCsy70
D. As for 答案选B。 "Kf~`0P
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. JL+[1=uE1L
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 a[OLS+zf!P
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante kT3;%D^
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante 3xR#,22:}
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. st^N QL
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: )qQg n]
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 'g,
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Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 nWg)zj:
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 YV+dUvz
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. UmMYe4LQR
A. were sleeping z+`)|c4-
B. would be sleeping Jywz27j
C. had been sleeping C F 0IP
D. would sleep选择 B。 eyp\h8!u_
(4)形容词及其比较级 Al;oI3
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. G(,~{N||
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. Ny<G2!W
(5)分词短语 ed2&9E>9b
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. YZ+g<HXB
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. E^ti!4{<
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 Dy'l]vN$
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. t|,Ex 7
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. +opN\`
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. @_Oe`j^
It would be easier to do it this way. =5#Jsn?U
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构
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A judicious man would not have committed suicide. fN>|X\-
A diligent student would have worked harder.
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(8)独立主格结构 hS/'b
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All things considered, the price would be reasonable. <08 V-
(9)定语从句 0u9h2/ma
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. |ZzBCL8q
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. n[-!Jp[
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: W.<<azi
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. K Hc +
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. \mGM#E
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 q,Q|Uvpk
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 ' qVa/GJ
God bless you! ' 1nU[,Wj
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. "|rqt.f2[
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). vRs5-T
If that be so, we shall take action at once c^k.
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