考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 Xwhui4'w
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: 7Zh~lM
(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 :$n=$C-wp
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. `|/<
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A. In spite of & 9<+;
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B. But for s{$(*_
C. Because of /bi}'H+#
D. As for 答案选B。 s#WAR]x0x
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. 2n|K5FR()
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 4 XAQVq5
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante xLC3>>P
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante Vb= Mg
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. OEkN(wF
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: 0`[wpZ
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 z[3L2U~6
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 0DJ+I
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 < Pky9o;
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. [_Qa9e
A. were sleeping *exS6@N]
B. would be sleeping
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C. had been sleeping \Z+z?K O
D. would sleep选择 B。 /so8WRu.
(4)形容词及其比较级 G{6;>8h
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. .n~M(59
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. 70eb]\%
(5)分词短语 <y?r!l=Am
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. yge,8i)c
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. M)2VcDy
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 'LO^<
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. `1bv@yzq
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. ,}K7Dg^1
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. #?/
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It would be easier to do it this way. ''0fF_P
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 p
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A judicious man would not have committed suicide. Yq%9M=#k
A diligent student would have worked harder. IrqZi1
(8)独立主格结构 USM4r!x
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. @tZ&2RY1
(9)定语从句 Cd>WUw
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. i;_t I#:A
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. PqiB\~o@Z
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气:
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I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. yL2o}ZbS
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. JNJ=e,O,
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 H
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动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 tX>
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God bless you! vJ-q*qM1
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. b"#WxgaF
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). 3v5%y'
If that be so, we shall take action at once \kU &^Hi
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