考博英语语法:含蓄虚拟条件句 `$sY^EX
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有: iq
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(1)介词或介词短语,如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 s>VEuLY*
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. )ClMw!ZrU
A. In spite of uo4$
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B. But for n1>,#|#
C. Because of \;*}zX
D. As for 答案选B。 ?5yH'9zE
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. [+l
(2)连词,如:so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……),for fear that(唯恐),in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 N~$Zeq=
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante ~`\9Q
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante N8XC~Dh{
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. D=~B7b:
(注:lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形,但可以不用虚拟语气,而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如: SCurO9RN
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 f>8B'%]
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎,以免会发生溢流现象。 =\Vu=I
(3)通过上下文及内在含义,句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 ^b"bRQqm
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. >Qm<-g
A. were sleeping Y%/ YFO2vb
B. would be sleeping 2>$F
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C. had been sleeping _;e!ZZLG
D. would sleep选择 B。 M20Bc, VI
(4)形容词及其比较级 |)-|2cPRur
A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. AbF(MK=i
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. {xv?wenE
(5)分词短语 _hy{F%}
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. "]T$\PJun
Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. pgLtD};S
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 D1X4|Q*SK
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. 382*
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. _%'L@[ H
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. )u8*zwq
It would be easier to do it this way. :xFu_%7
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 i iX\it$s
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. DH:GI1Yu>I
A diligent student would have worked harder. i<T P:
(8)独立主格结构 `KpFH.k.K
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. wjTNO0hj
(9)定语从句 Vi|7%!j<
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. IKi{Xh]\
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. #?{qlgv<p
(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: qoj^_s6
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. "z^(dF|
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. e>l,(ql
(11)动词原形表示虚拟 :O $@shV
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟,最常见于正式文体中,动词原形一般用在条件从句中,有时倒装置于句首,同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 5@P%iBA4(3
God bless you! 'K@-Z]
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. l~
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She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). 2fl4
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If that be so, we shall take action at once QyPg
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