考博英语语法：含蓄虚拟条件句 UW
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含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： )53y
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(1)介词或介词短语，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 *c+ (-
the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadn’t been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. Yg1 X
A. In spite of
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B. But for kMd.h[X~
C. Because of 1&Z j
D. As for 答案选B。 %84rL?S
But that she was afraid, she would have said no. q'8 2q
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(2)连词，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。 P";'jVcR
She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wante ^y%T~dLkp'
D.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wante @;RXL
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If only I had more money, I could buy a car. |
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(注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如： %bf Q$a:
The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。 /
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Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。 <GaS36ZW
(3)通过上下文及内在含义，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等类似转折词。 YcpoL@ab
I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. OpYY{f
A. were sleeping !d0kV,F:
B. would be sleeping _zi|
C. had been sleeping @2 fg~2M1
D. would sleep选择 B。 v
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(4)形容词及其比较级 81
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A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. N5b!.B x-w
A less conscientious man wouldn’t have tried so hard to get this job done. @r/n F5
(5)分词短语 #'9HU2
Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. u
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Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. UrEs4R1#
(6)动词不定式短语。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虚拟。 O[JL+g4
I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. `&c kZiq
To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. _^%,x
She would be stupid not to accept his invitation. %aVq+kC h
It would be easier to do it this way. |H+UOEiv,p
(7)名词短语和名词+and结构 ZeaA%y67U
A judicious man would not have committed suicide. Vb]=B~ ^`
A diligent student would have worked harder. 57']#j#"hj
(8)独立主格结构 N~zdWnSZ@G
All things considered, the price would be reasonable. 6fEqqUeV
(9)定语从句 dE{dZ#Jfi
Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same. a'yK~;+_9
A nation, which stopped working, would be dead in a fortnight. )W
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(10)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： |"CZ T#
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t. Gm^U;u}=f
The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. ra
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(11)动词原形表示虚拟 l L@XM2"
动词原形直接用在句子中也被看作是一种虚拟，最常见于正式文体中，动词原形一般用在条件从句中，有时倒装置于句首，同时这种用法也常见于独立句中表达愿望。 HJ[c M6$2
God bless you! rlSeu5X6
All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. ['tY4$L(
She’ll be sixteen years odd, com May.(come May =when May come). w ;:*P
If that be so, we shall take action at once #r~# I}U
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