Description [dɪ'skrɪpʃ(ə)n]
说明；形容；描写（文字）；类型
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形近词
Descriptive adj. 描写的；叙述的；说明的；描写性的（描述语言的实际应用而非使用规则）
Disruption n. 中断；破裂
Discretion n. 谨慎；慎重；审慎；自行决定的自由
Destruction n. 破坏；毁灭；摧毁
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近义词
Explanation n. 解释；说明；阐述；解释性说法
Report n. 报告；报道；汇报；调查报告
Portrayal n. 描述；描写；描绘；展现方式
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短语搭配
Detailed description 详细描述，详细说明
Job description 工作说明
Brief description 简要说明，简介
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真题例句 2011年 Text1
As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.
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真题解析
1.句子主干：... that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise...
2.句子难点: 这句话的主干是后面的that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise，前面的As a description of the next music director...是as引导的介词短语做定语，修饰that，这个that指代的是上一句的an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him；这个介词短语中还有一个由that引导的定语从句that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez修饰an orchestra。
3.译文: 那么描述迄今为止一直被Gustav Mahler和Pierre Boulez这类音乐家主导的管弦乐团的下一任音乐总监，似乎至少会给《时代》周刊的部分读者带来名褒实贬的感觉。
4.原句再现：As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.
5.重难点单词和短语：
Orchestra n. 管弦乐队；（剧场的）正厅前排座位
Hitherto adv. 迄今；直到某时
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Extend [ɪk'stend]
V. 扩展；延长；扩大；提供
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形近词
Expend v. 花费；消费；耗费
Extent n. 程度；范围；限度；大小
Extension n. 延伸；延长；延期；扩大
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近义词
Spread v. 传播；扩散；展开；散布
Range v. 徘徊；变动；包括（从…到…）之间的各类事物
Reach v. 达到；到达；达成；收到
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反义词及短语搭配
Curtail v. 缩短；限制；减缩
Withdraw v. 撤回；提；撤离；停止提供
Decrease v. 降低；减少；缩小；减弱
Extend one’s business 扩大其基业
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真题例句 2012年Text2
The legal issues in the case are obscure: whereas the Supreme Court has ruled that states do have some regulatory authority over nuclear power, legal scholars say that Vermont case will offer a precedent-setting test of how far those powers extend.
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真题解析
1.句子主干：The legal issues in the case are obscure...
2.句子难点：本句的主干部分是The legal issues in the case are obscure，冒号之后的部分是其同位语，对其加以具体解释。该同位语部分的主干是 legal scholars say…，其后是that引导的宾语从句，在该宾语从句中，宾语a precedent-setting test之后是由of引导的同位语，对其进一步解释说明。同位语部分中还包括一个whereas引导的让步状语从句，该从句的主语为the Supreme Court，谓语部分为has ruled，宾语是由that引导的宾语从句。
3.译文: 该事件涉及的法律问题很模糊，尽管最高法院已经规定，各州对核电站有管控权，但法律学者认为，安特吉案件会成为一个先例，考量州政府核管控权的范围。
4.原句再现：The legal issues in the case are obscure: whereas the Supreme Court has ruled that states do have some regulatory authority over nuclear power, legal scholars say that Vermont case will offer a precedent-setting test of how far those powers extend.
5.重难点单词和短语：
Obscure adj. 无名的；鲜为人知的；费解的；难以理解的
Regulatory adj. 管理的；调整的；监管的
Precedent-setting adj. 先例性；开先例的；判例确立式的
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Identify [aɪ'dentɪ.faɪ]
V. 鉴定；确认；发现；找到
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形近词
Identity n. 身份；同一性；一致；特征
Identifiable adj. 可识别的；可辨认的
Identification n. 鉴定；确定；辨认；确认
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近义词
Recognize v. 认识；承认；认出；意识到
Confirm v. 确认；认可；使感觉更强烈；使确信
Ascertain v. 查明；弄清
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短语搭配
Identifyoneself 证明自己；表露身分；证明自己的身份
Identifywith 认同；认为…等同于；与…认同
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真题例句 2004年Text4
Hofstadter says our country’s educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”
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真题解析
1.句子主干：Hofstadter says...
2.句子难点：多重复合句。句子主干为Hofstadter says...，后跟省略that的宾语从句。宾语从句主干为our country's educational system is in the grips of people，后跟who引导的定语从句修饰people。定语从句的宾语为两个并列的名词短语：their hostility to intellect和 their eagerness to identify with children…，第二个宾语中又包含一个who引导的定语从句修饰children。
3.译文:霍夫斯塔特说，我们国家的教育体制掌握在这样一些人手中，他们“沾沾自喜地、霸气十足地宣称自己对才智的憎恶，同时迫不及待地表示出对那些才智上没有潜力的孩子们的极大的认同。”
4.原句再现：Hofstadter says our country’s educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”
5.重难点单词和短语：
Educational adj. 教育的；有关教育的；有教育意义的
Grip n. 手柄；把手；紧握；了解
Militantly adv. 好斗地；好战地；好斗的
