（一）考博英语语法：独立主格 'R-\6;3E>9
1. 充当句子的状语。 j uF=ZW%i
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 ^8 ,prxaok
3. 名词(代词，形容词，副词，介词)+ 分词 O-U A2?N@j
4. With + 名词 (代词) + 分词 (形容词) s vEe@Kt`
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. Myg;2 .
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. d{NMG)`x\
c) he entered the room, with his hands open(holding a rifle). &XcPHZy'
真题剖析 j~ds)dW%`&
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. 'do2n/
45. A. For S{e3aqT#N
B. As dg#Pb@7a
C. With VV$#<D<)
D. Because W>+`e]z
练习： Q~wS2f`)
Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do.
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8. A. is |gxP
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B. having # =y)Wuo=
C. being 'Y
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D. be
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（二）考博英语语法：虚拟语气 @UdF6 :T
虚拟语气(2) ~Y~M}4
1. (should)+动词原形 #0h}{y
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It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 )XSHKPTQ1
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 yLCMu | +
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 W(ryL_#;
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 =?y0fLTc
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 ; (}~m&p
would rather +动词过去式 7O|`\&RY R
真题剖析 |dHtv 6I
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … 29 G el
47. A. do alzdYiGf
B. did oKz! Xu%Hl
C. don’t NA0Z~ Ug>
D. didn’t havmhS )O
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. C]JK'K<7-
53. A. ordered FhBV.,bU,m
B. pleaded [8Z#Hj hQ
C. decided eTgtt-;VR
D. demanded ,{(XT7h r
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. =6\^ F i
15. A. took x.pg3mVd>
B. would take ,2FI?}+R
C. will take
oVp/EQ
D. should take 2) $-L'YS
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing. R64f0N K.
(even if other facets of life should prove disappointing.) m-~3c]pA
54.A. shall p pLL
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B.will Br<lP#u=G
C.would 4DL2
A;T
D.should >tMI%r
（三）考博英语语法:非谓语动词 {!? M!/d
动名词、分词、不定式。 Y%TY%"<
主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) 8n2;47 a
发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) Q
q j9o2
To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 w9"~NK8xzM
真题剖析 jHHCJOHB8
(2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. "8?Fl&=Q
60. A. dropped }Cfl|t<5f
B. to drop Us# /#-hJ
C. dropping E|RC|Sz=u
D.drops up8d3
(2001.3) A heroin addict, for instance, leads a 59 life: his increasing need for heroin in increasing doses prevents him from working, from maintaining relationships, from developing in human ways. X6t9* |C
59. A. destructive KM qGWO*
B. dissatisfied >6WZSw/Hq
C. damaged h
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D. derivative b-@9Xjv
（四）考博英语语法：主谓一致
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1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 _p9"MU&}
How you got there doesn’t concern me. !z2xm3s{]p
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. 7cB{Iq0+
2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 `@ ,Vbn^_
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. l(F\5Ys
3. 以-s结尾的专有名词(linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等)，谓语通常用单数形式。 z"7X.*]
4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 #k>A,
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). }1Mf0S
5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 # SJJ@S M
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. S+t2k&pm
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) )xz_ }6b]
6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致(as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等) yQ<h>J>
He no less than John is interested in literature. LIz'hfS!
7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) L5|g \Y`
Either my father or my brothers are coming. HmU6:8V
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8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 9Nv?j=*$
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. [[N${ C
真题剖析 o#z$LT
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(2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. xA-?pLt "G
53. A. none GGhk`z
B. few ` ` Y k
C. any @}{uibLD\
D. some w?N>3`Jnf
（五）考博英语语法：倒装 )4:]gx#cr
全部倒装 R4k+
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1. “There (Here) +be+主语” 2@ZRz%(Oa&
There stand big buildings in this district. /PR 4ILed
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. O?A%
2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) ^~b
d AO81
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. "f~OC<GdYs
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