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楼主
发表于: 2021-05-13 22:39
2021年考博英语翻译练习资料（2） Direction: write your translations in the blue book provided.
Part A Translate into good Chinese the underlined sentences only. (15%) We have known for a long time that the organization of any particular society is influenced by the definition of the sexes and the distinctions drawn between them. [1.]But we have realized only recently that the identity of each sex is not so easy to pin down, and that definitions evolve in accordance with the different types of culture known to us, scientific discoveries, and ideological revolutions. Our nature is not considered immutable, either socially or biologically. As we approach the end of the century, the substantial progress made in biology and genetics is radically changing the roles, responsibilities, and specific characteristics attributed to each sex; and yet, scarcely twenty years ago, these were thought to be “beyond dispute.” We can safely say, with a few minor exceptions, that the definition of the sexes and their respective functions remained unchanged in the West from the beginning of the nineteenth century to the 1960s. [2.]he role distinction, raised in some cases to the status of uncompromising dualism on a strongly hierarchical model, lasted throughout this period, appealing for its justification to nature, religion, and customs alleged to have existed since the dawn of time. The woman bore children and took care of the home. The man set out to conquer the world and was responsible for the survival of his family, by satisfying their needs in peacetime and by going to war when necessary. [3.]The entire world order rested on the divergence of the sexes. Any overlapping or confusion between the roles was seen as a threat to the time—honored order of things. It was felt to be against nature, a deviation from the norm. [4.]The dawn of the third millennium is coinciding with an extraordinary reversal in the power structure. [5.]Not only will the patriarchal system be dead and buried in most of the industrialized West, but we shall see the birth of a new imbalance in the relations between the sexes, this time exclusively to women's advantage. Part B Translate into good English the following sentences. (15%) 1.继续扩大国内需求，是当前应对亚洲金融危机和国际市场变化的正确选择，也是我国经济发展的基本立足点和长期战略方针。 2.中国各民族相互依存的政治，经济;文化联系，使其在长期的历史发展中有着共同的命运和共同的利益，产生了强固的亲合力，凝聚力。 3.当前正在进行以主课程教材改革为核心的教育改革，改革的中心目标是变应试教育为素质教育。 4.中国的事情能不能办好，社会主义和改革开放能不能坚持，经济能不能快一点发展起来，国家能不能长治久安，从一定意义上说，关键在人。 5.为了保证人们起码的生活条件，是公民富裕起来，中国唯一正确的选择就是努力发展经济，调整人口增长以适应国家社会和经济的发展。 KEY Part A 1.但我们今年来才认识到，确定男女各自的特征并不那么容易，其界限是随着我们所知的各种文化发展，科学上的发现以及意识形态方面的革命而逐渐形成的。 2.这段时期，男女作用的不同始终存在，有时还按照等级森严的模式把它提高到男女有别，不可调和的程度。为了证明其合理性，人们把这说成是据说自开天辟地以来即依存在的天性，宗教和习俗使然。 3.整个世界的秩序均建立在男女有别的基础之上。男女的作用若出现重叠或混淆现象，人们会认为这是对由来已久的生活秩序的一种威胁，是建背天性和离经叛道的行为。 4.在第三个千禧年即将来临之际，力量结构正在发生天翻地覆的变化。 5.在大多数西方工业化国家，不仅父权制将被埋葬掉，而且我们还会看到男女之间的关系将产生新的不平衡，而这一次将完全是有利于妇女的。 Part B 1.In light of [Given] the Asian financial crisis and the changes in the international markets, it is proper/fitting for us to continue boosting/ promoting domestic demand. This constitutes the basic foundation for China's economic development as well as being part of our long—term strategy. 2.Due to/ Because of their interdependent political, economic, and cultural ties, all Chinese nationalities have shared a common destiny and a common interest throughout their long historical development, creating a strong force for affinity and cohesion. 3.An education reform centering on curriculum and teaching materials is under way. As our main goal, we will try to reform the educational system so that it focuses on the enhancement of the students' abilities instead of training them merely to pass exams. 4.In a sense, people are the key to whether we Chinese perform well domestically, whether socialism, the reform and opening are adhered to, whether the economy will grow quickly and the country enjoy long—term peace and stability. 5.To guarantee a minimum standard of living and to improve the citizens' welfare, China's only choice is to strive for economic growth and see to it the population growth conforms to the country's social and economic development. |
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